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Tao H, Shen L. RESEARCH PROGRESS OF CURCUMIN IN THE TREATMENT OF SEPSIS. Shock 2024; 61:805-816. [PMID: 38664750 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an unregulated host response to infection. It is an important clinical problem in acute and critical care. In recent years, with the increasing research on the epidemiology, and pathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of sepsis, great progress has been made in clinical practice, but there is still a lack of specific and effective treatment plans. Curcuma longa , a leafy plant of the ginger family, which is a common and safe compound, has multiple pharmacological actions, including, but not limited to, scavenging of oxygen free radicals, attenuation of inflammatory response, and antifibrotic effects. Great progress has been made in the study of sepsis-associated rodent models and in vitro cellular models. However, the evidence of curcumin in the clinical management practice of sepsis is still insufficient; hence, it is very important to systematically summarize the study of curcumin and sepsis pathogenesis.
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Zheng Z, Song X, Shi Y, Long X, Li J, Zhang M. Recent Advances in Biologically Active Ingredients from Natural Drugs for Sepsis Treatment. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:688-700. [PMID: 37254548 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230529101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis refers to the dysregulated host response to infection; its incidence and mortality rates are high. It is a worldwide medical problem but there is no specific drug for it. In recent years, clinical and experimental studies have found that many monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine have certain effects on the treatment of sepsis. This paper reviews the advances in research on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine involved in the treatment of sepsis in recent years according to their chemical structure; it could provide ideas and references for further research and development in Chinese materia medica for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zheng
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Xiayinan Song
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Long
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Jie Li
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
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3
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Karimi A, Pourreza S, Vajdi M, Mahmoodpoor A, Sanaie S, Karimi M, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Evaluating the effects of curcumin nanomicelles on clinical outcome and cellular immune responses in critically ill sepsis patients: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1037861. [PMID: 36562037 PMCID: PMC9763722 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1037861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In sepsis, the immune system is overreacting to infection, leading to organ dysfunction and death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of curcumin nanomicelles on clinical outcomes and cellular immune responses in critically ill sepsis patients. Method For 10 days, 40 patients in the intensive care units (ICU) were randomized between the nano curcumin (NC) and placebo groups in a randomized study. We evaluated serum levels of biochemical factors, inflammatory biomarkers, the mRNA expression levels of FOXP3, NLRP-3, IFN-γ, and NF-κp genes in the PBMCs, and clinical outcomes before the beginning of the supplementation and on days 5 and 10. Results NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) mRNA expression levels significantly P = 0.014, P = 0.014, and P = 0.019, respectively) decreased, but forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) mRNA expression levels increased significantly (P = 0.008) in the NC group compared to the placebo group after 10 days. NC supplementation decreased serum levels of IL-22, IL-17, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, biochemical factors and nutritional status did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). NC supplementation resulted in decreased sequential organ failure assessment and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes scores, while it did not have significant impacts on length of stay in the ICU, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, a saturation of oxygen (%), and respiratory rate (breaths/min) PaO2/FiO2 (p > 0.05). Conclusion For critically ill patients with sepsis, NC supplementation may be an effective therapeutic strategy. More randomized clinical trials involving longer follow-up periods and different doses are needed to achieve the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Karimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Pourreza
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mozhde Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,*Correspondence: Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani,
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4
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Rattis BAC, Piva HL, Duarte A, Gomes FGFLR, Lellis JR, Soave DF, Ramos SG, Tedesco AC, Celes MRN. Modulation of the mTOR Pathway by Curcumin in the Heart of Septic Mice. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2277. [PMID: 36365096 PMCID: PMC9697651 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
mTOR is a signaling pathway involved in cell survival, cell stress response, and protein synthesis that may be a key point in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Curcumin has been reported in vitro as an mTOR inhibitor compound; however, there are no studies demonstrating this effect in experimental sepsis. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the action of curcumin on the mTOR pathway in the heart of septic mice. Free curcumin (FC) and nanocurcumin (NC) were used, and samples were obtained at 24 and 120 h after sepsis. Histopathological and ultrastructural analysis showed that treatments with FC and NC reduced cardiac lesions caused by sepsis. Our main results demonstrated that curcumin reduced mTORC1 and Raptor mRNA at 24 and 120 h compared with the septic group; in contrast, mTORC2 mRNA increased at 24 h. Additionally, the total mTOR mRNA expression was reduced at 24 h compared with the septic group. Our results indicate that treatment with curcumin and nanocurcumin promoted a cardioprotective response that could be related to the modulation of the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna A. C. Rattis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-050, Goias, Brazil
| | - Henrique L. Piva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa Duarte
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frederico G. F. L. R. Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaína R. Lellis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo F. Soave
- Department of Morphofunctional, Faculty of Medicine of Goianesia, University of Rio Verde, Goianesia 76380-000, Goias, Brazil
| | - Simone G. Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara R. N. Celes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-050, Goias, Brazil
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Curcumin Elevates microRNA-183-5p via Cathepsin B-Mediated Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT Pathway to Strengthen Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Immune Function of Sepsis Mice. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:6217234. [PMID: 35992541 PMCID: PMC9356831 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6217234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur), a natural polyphenol compound, has been testified to modulate innate immune responses and also showed anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, the mechanism was still poorly unknown, especially regarding Cur-modulated microRNAs (miRNAs) under the inflammatory response. CD39+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were provided with distinct immunosuppressive action and exerted a critical role in the modulation of immune balance in sepsis. Nevertheless, the impact of Cur on the immune function of sepsis mice has not been reported. In this study, the influence of Cur on the inflammatory response and immune function of sepsis mice via augment of miR-183-5p and Cathepsin B (CTSB)-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway was explored. Adoption of 20 mg/kg Cur was for gavage. In the meantime, injection of plasmid vectors of interference with miR-183-5p or CTSB was into the tail vein. Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg) was to stimulate model of sepsis mice. Histopathological changes of sepsis mice were observed. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in serum of mice were examined. Detection of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine in serum of mice was performed. Test of the percentage of CD39+ Tregs in tail venous blood of mice was implemented. Examination of miR-183-5p, CTSB, and PI3K/AKT was performed. The targeting of miR-183-5p and CTSB was detected. Cur was available to ameliorate the histological damage, to reduce the content of inflammatory factors, AST, and BUN, and to decline the percentage of CD39+ Tregs in tail venous blood of sepsis mice. Elevated miR-183-5p or silenced CTSB was available to further enhance the protection of Cur. Cur was available to accelerate miR-183-5p, which negatively modulated CTSB and Cur-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway via the miR-183-5p/CTSB axis to restrain inflammation of sepsis mice and enhance its immune function.
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6
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Karimi A, Naeini F, Niazkar HR, Tutunchi H, Musazadeh V, Mahmoodpoor A, Asghariazar V, Mobasseri M, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Nano-curcumin supplementation in critically ill patients with sepsis: a randomized clinical trial investigating the inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress indices, endothelial function, clinical outcomes and nutritional status. Food Funct 2022; 13:6596-6612. [PMID: 35621073 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe reaction and excessive immune response to infection, which can lead to organ dysfunction, and death. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of nano-curcumin (NC) on inflammatory biomarkers, endothelial function, oxidative stress indices, biochemical factors, nutritional status, and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis. In the present double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 40 ICU-admitted patients were randomly allocated into either NC or placebo group for 10 days. Both nano-curcumin (160 mg) and placebo were administered via a nasogastric tube twice a day. The mRNA expression of nuclear-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), BCL2 associated X (BAX), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and the serum levels of primary, secondary, tertiary, and exploratory outcomes were assessed before the baseline and on days 5 and 10. There were significant improvements in the primary outcomes, including inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-10, TLR-4, BCL-2 and BAX), markers of endothelial function (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1), and oxidative stress indices (malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and TAC) (p < 0.005) in the NC group compared to the placebo group after 10 days, while no significant increase was observed in the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level between the two groups. However, no significant decrease was observed in the levels of secondary outcomes, including biochemical factors (creatinine, fasting blood sugar (FBS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)) (P > 0.05). Our results showed that in the tertiary outcome (nutritional status), there was no significant increase (P > 0.05) except for TLC (P = 0.003). NC supplementation also resulted in a significant decrease in the exploratory outcomes including the SOFA score and the duration of mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). Supplementation with NC may be a promising treatment strategy for critically ill patients with sepsis. However, further experiments are suggested to investigate the effects of nano-curcumin on biochemical pathways involved in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Karimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Niazkar
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vali Musazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghariazar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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Alghriany AI, Omar HELDM, Mahmoud AM, Atia MM. Assessment of the Toxicity of Aluminum Oxide and Its Nanoparticles in the Bone Marrow and Liver of Male Mice: Ameliorative Efficacy of Curcumin Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13841-13852. [PMID: 35559158 PMCID: PMC9088947 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The potential influence of nanoparticles (NPs) on the liver and bone marrow has received attention. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nanocurcumin on the oxidative stress, apoptosis, and toxicity induced by Al2O3 and its NPs. The experimental animals (n = 72 mice) were divided into the following groups: group I, as a control; groups II and III, as aluminum oxide and its NPs (6 mg/kg); group IV, as aluminum oxide + nanocurcumin (Al2O3 + N-Cur, 20 mg/kg); and group V, as aluminum oxide NPs + nanocurcumin (Al2O3-NP + N.Cur., 20 mg/kg). Al2O3 and its NP groups significantly increased p53, Nrf2 levels, and the white blood cell count. They also decreased the Hsp70 level, antitrypsin, immunoglobulin G, and the red blood cell count. In addition, they significantly decreased the total and differential bone marrow cell counts and the maturation index ratio (MIR). Nanocurcumin (N.Cur.) reverted the previous proteins, blood parameters, total bone marrow cell count, and the MIR as M/E, I/Mg, MMI, I/Me, and EMI to normal. Furthermore, N.Cur. prevented apoptosis and reduced the histopathological score and collagen fiber percentage caused by Al2O3 and its NPs in the liver. Nanotechnology was used to increase the therapeutic efficiency of curcumin against the harmful effects of oxidative stress associated with Al2O3 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa
A. I. Alghriany
- Laboratory
of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Hossam EL-din M. Omar
- Laboratory
of Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Amera M. Mahmoud
- Laboratory
of Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mona M. Atia
- Laboratory
of Molecular Cell Biology; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
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Naeini F, Tutunchi H, Razmi H, Mahmoodpoor A, Vajdi M, Sefidmooye Aza P, Najifipour F, Tarighat-Esfanjani A, Karimi A. Does nano-curcumin supplementation improve hematological indices in critically ill patients with sepsis? A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14093. [PMID: 35150143 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the final common pathway to death for severe infectious diseases worldwide. The present trial aimed to investigate the effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on hematological indices in critically ill patients with sepsis. Fourteen ICU-admitted patients were randomly allocated into either nano-curcumin or placebo group for 10 days. The blood indices, serum levels of inflammatory biomarker and presepsin as well as nutrition status, and clinical outcomes were assessed before the intervention and on days 5 and 10. White blood cells, neutrophils, platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the levels of interleukin-8 significantly decreased in the nano-curcumin group compared to the placebo after 10 days of intervention (p = .024, p = .045, p = .017, p = .041, and p = .004, respectively). There was also a marginal meaningful decrease in serum presepsin levels in the intervention group compared to the placebo at the end of the study (p = .054). However, total lymphocyte count showed a significant increase in the nano-curcumin group compared to the placebo at the end-point (p = .04). No significant differences were found in the level of lymphocyte and the ratios of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte between the study groups. Moreover, no significant between-group differences were observed for other study outcomes, post-intervention. Collectively, nano-curcumin may be a useful adjuvant therapy in critically ill patients with sepsis. However, further trials are suggested to examine the effects of nano-curcumin in the management of sepsis and its complications. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Curcumin (1,7-bis[4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,6-heptadiene-3,5- dione) or diferuloylmethane is widely used in medicine due to its several biological properties. Recent evidence has shown that curcumin possesses multiple pharmacological activities including immune-modulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial effects. In this study, it was observed that nano-curcumin at a dose of 160 mg for 10 days, without side effects, reduced some inflammatory factors and regulated the immune responses in sepsis patients. For the first time, this trial was conducted to determine the effect of nano-curcumin on hematological indices and the serum levels of presepsin and IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Endoceine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Razmi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pouria Sefidmooye Aza
- Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University Park, Mississippi, USA
| | - Farzad Najifipour
- Endoceine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Endoceine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Rattis BAC, Ramos SG, Celes MRN. Curcumin as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:675287. [PMID: 34025433 PMCID: PMC8138567 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that rapidly spread throughout the world leading to high mortality rates. Despite the knowledge of previous diseases caused by viruses of the same family, such as MERS and SARS-CoV, management and treatment of patients with COVID-19 is a challenge. One of the best strategies around the world to help combat the COVID-19 has been directed to drug repositioning; however, these drugs are not specific to this new virus. Additionally, the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is highly heterogeneous, and the way of SARS-CoV-2 modulates the different systems in the host remains unidentified, despite recent discoveries. This complex and multifactorial response requires a comprehensive therapeutic approach, enabling the integration and refinement of therapeutic responses of a given single compound that has several action potentials. In this context, natural compounds, such as Curcumin, have shown beneficial effects on the progression of inflammatory diseases due to its numerous action mechanisms: antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and cytoprotective. These and many other effects of curcumin make it a promising target in the adjuvant treatment of COVID-19. Hence, the purpose of this review is to specifically point out how curcumin could interfere at different times/points during the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, providing a substantial contribution of curcumin as a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna A. C. Rattis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Simone G. Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mara R. N. Celes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
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10
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Karimi A, Mahmoodpoor A, Kooshki F, Niazkar HR, Shoorei H, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Effects of nanocurcumin on inflammatory factors and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Curcumin protects BV2 cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced injury via adjusting the miR-362-3p/TLR4 axis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4199-4208. [PMID: 32472295 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05543-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin was demonstrated to be an active ingredient with anti-inflammatory effects. This research was to investigate the effects of curcumin. We found that curcumin promoted cell viability and suppressed cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, curcumin decreased the level of cleaved caspase-3 and the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, but increased IL-10 release in LPS-treated BV2 cells. miR-362-3p expression was upregulated by curcumin, while TLR4 expression was downregulated. Besides, we observed that the cytoprotective effects of curcumin were lost when miR-362-3p was silenced. TLR4 was a direct target gene of miR-362-3p. Moreover, miR-362-3p deletion attenuated the cytoprotective effects of curcumin by regulating TLR4 expression in LPS-induced BV2 cells. Furthermore, curcumin suppressed p-p65 expression via regulating miR-362-3p/TLR4 axis. We discovered that curcumin exhibited protective effects against LPS-triggered cell injury via modulating miR-362-3p/TLR4 axis through NF-κB pathway.
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12
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Chen Y, Jiang W, Liu X, Du Y, Liu L, Ordovas JM, Lai CQ, Shen L. Curcumin supplementation improves heat-stress-induced cardiac injury of mice: physiological and molecular mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 78:108331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Sun Z, Zheng W, Teng J, Fang Z, Lin C. Resveratrol Reduces Kidney Injury in a Rat Model of Uremia and is Associated with Increased Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70). Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919086. [PMID: 32040471 PMCID: PMC7032531 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on kidney function in a rat model of uremia and the expression of heat shock proteins. MATERIAL AND METHODS The rat model of uremia was developed by 5/6 nephrectomy of Sprague-Dawley rats. The Hsp70 inhibitor MKT-077, a rhodacyanine dye, was used. The study groups included rats with sham surgery (the sham group), the rat model of uremia (the model group), the solvent-treated control group (the control group), the rat model treated with resveratrol group (the resveratrol group), the rat model treated with MKT-077 (the MKT-077 group), and the resveratrol+MKT-077 group. Kidney tissues were studied histologically. Renal cell apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL method. Expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, the expression levels of heat shock proteins Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp27, Hsp25, Hsp40, and Hsp60 in the kidney of the rat model group increased to different degrees. Compared with the model group, the Hsp70 levels in the resveratrol group were significantly increased (p<0.05). Compared with the model group, treatment with MKT-077 reduced the survival rate of rats, which was increased following resveratrol treatment. Compared with the resveratrol group, renal function in the resveratrol+MKT-077 group was significantly reduced (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of uremia, resveratrol reduced renal injury and improved both renal function and survival, which were associated with increased expression of Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Sun
- Hemodialysis Room, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Weilei Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Teng
- Department of Nephrology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhan Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chongting Lin
- Hemodialysis Room, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
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14
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Vulczak A, Catalão CHR, Freitas LAPD, Rocha MJA. HSP-Target of Therapeutic Agents in Sepsis Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174255. [PMID: 31480313 PMCID: PMC6747181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response, cellular stress, and organ injury. Sepsis is the main cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, creating need for research and new therapeutic strategies. Heat shock protein (HSP) analyses have recently been developed in the context of sepsis. HSPs have a cytoprotection role in stress conditions, signal to immune cells, and activate the inflammatory response. Hence, HSP analyses have become an important focus in sepsis research, including the investigation of HSPs targeted by therapeutic agents used in sepsis treatment. Many therapeutic agents have been tested, and their HSP modulation showed promising results. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity in experimental designs and the diversity in therapeutic agents used make it difficult to understand their efficacy in sepsis treatment. Therefore, future investigations should include the analysis of parameters related to the early and late immune response in sepsis, HSP localization (intra or extracellular), and time to the onset of treatment after sepsis. They also should consider the differences in experimental sepsis models. In this review, we present the main results of studies on therapeutic agents in targeting HSPs in sepsis treatment. We also discuss limitations and possibilities for future investigations regarding HSP modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Vulczak
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences of Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alexandre Pedro de Freitas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Maria José Alves Rocha
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil.
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15
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Karimi A, Ghodsi R, Kooshki F, Karimi M, Asghariazar V, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Therapeutic effects of curcumin on sepsis and mechanisms of action: A systematic review of preclinical studies. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2798-2820. [PMID: 31429161 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex disease that begins with an infectious disorder and causes excessive immune responses. Curcumin is considered as an active component of turmeric that can improve the condition in sepsis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched. Searching was not limited to a specific publication period. Only English-language original articles, which had examined the effect of curcumin on sepsis, were included. At first, 1,098 articles were totally found, and 209 articles were selected after excluding duplicated data; 46 articles were remained due to the curcumin effects on sepsis. These included 23 in vitro studies and 23 animal studies. Our results showed that curcumin and various analogs of curcumin can have an inhibitory effect on sepsis-induced complications. Curcumin has the ability to inhibit the inflammatory, oxidative coagulation factors, and regulation of immune responses in sepsis. Despite the promising evidence of the therapeutic effects of curcumin on the sepsis complication, further studies seem necessary to investigate its effect and possible mechanisms of action in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Ghodsi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fateme Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghariazar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Yang Z, Wang L, Yu H, Wang R, Gou Y, Zhang M, Kang C, Liu T, Lan Y, Wang X, Liu J, Cooper MA, Li X, Yue K, Yu Y, Wang L, Kim BY, Jiang W, Sun W. Membrane TLR9 Positive Neutrophil Mediated MPLA Protects Against Fatal Bacterial Sepsis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:6269-6283. [PMID: 31534550 PMCID: PMC6735515 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major cause of patient mortality and morbidity from bacterial infections. Although neutrophils are known to be important in the development of sepsis, how distinctive neutrophil subtypes regulate inflammatory processes involved in septicemia remains unclear. Preconditioning protects organisms against subsequent higher-dose exposures to the same, or even different, stimuli. Several studies have reported various effects of preconditioning on immune cells. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying neutrophil-mediated protection through preconditioning in sepsis remain unknown. Methods: Flow cytometry was conducted to sort the mice peritoneal lavage cells and the blood samples from patients with sepsis. Western blotting and ELISA were carried out to elucidate the expression of TLR9 signal transduction pathway proteins. Histological analysis was used to assess the effect of InP on intestine and liver structure in tlr9-/- and cav-1-/- mice. Fluorescence microscopy, Co-IP, and FRET were carried out to determine the association of TLR9 with Cav-1. Results: We show that membrane toll-like receptor-9 positive (mTLR9+) neutrophils exert a protective effect against fatal bacterial infections through the process of inflammatory preconditioning (InP). InP, which occurs in the setting of a low-dose bacterial challenge, active ingredient is Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), triggers the membrane translocation of TLR9 from the neutrophil cytosol, where it binds to Cav-1. Our findings showed that InP enables TLR9 to facilitate MyD88-mediated TRAF3 and IRF3 signal transduction. Depletion of either TLR9 or Cav-1 largely eliminates the neutrophil-mediated InP effect in sepsis models in vitro and in vivo. Further, examination of clinical samples from patients with sepsis showed that clinical outcomes and likelihood of recovery are closely correlated with mTLR9 and Cav-1 expression in circulating neutrophils. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the TLR9-Cav-1 axis is a critical signaling pathway involved in the regulation of neutrophil-dependent MPLA mediated InP, and the presence of mTLR9+ neutrophils could be an attractive indicator of clinical outcomes in bacterial sepsis that could be further explored as a potential therapeutic target.
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17
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Alvi SB, Appidi T, Deepak BP, Rajalakshmi PS, Minhas G, Singh SP, Begum A, Bantal V, Srivastava R, Khan N, Rengan AK. The "nano to micro" transition of hydrophobic curcumin crystals leading to in situ adjuvant depots for Au-liposome nanoparticle mediated enhanced photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3866-3875. [PMID: 31309204 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00932a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is emerging as a promising treatment for skin cancer. Plasmon-resonant gold-coated liposome nanoparticles (Au Lipos NPs) specifically absorb Near Infra-Red (NIR) light resulting in localized hyperthermia (PTT). In the current study, curcumin (a hydrophobic anticancer agent) was entrapped in Au Lipos NPs as nanocrystals to act as an adjuvant for the PTT of melanoma. NIR light irradiation on Au Lipos Cur NPs triggered the release of curcumin nanocrystals which coalesce to form curcumin microcrystals (CMCs). An in situ"nano to micro" transition in the crystal state of curcumin was observed. This in situ transition leads to the formation of CMCs. These CMCs exhibited sustained release of curcumin for a prolonged duration (>10 days). The localized availability of curcumin aids in enhancing PTT by inhibiting the growth and mobility of cancer cells that escape PTT. In the in vitro modified scratch assay, the Au Lipos Cur NP + Laser group showed >1.5 fold enhanced therapeutic coverage when compared with the Au Lipos NP + Laser group. In vivo PTT studies performed in a B16 tumor model using Au Lipos Cur NPs showed a significant reduction of the tumor volume along with the localized release of curcumin in the tumor environment. It was observed that the localized release of curcumin enables an immediate adjuvant effect resulting in the enhancement of PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Baseeruddin Alvi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Tejaswini Appidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India. and Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
| | - B Pemmaraju Deepak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - P S Rajalakshmi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Gillipsie Minhas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India. and Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Afreen Begum
- G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
| | - Nooruddin Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
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18
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Chi Q, Hu X, Li S, Li S. Ammonia exposure induced abnormal expression of cytokines and heat shock proteins via glucose metabolism disorders in chicken neutrophils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10529-10536. [PMID: 30767103 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a highly irritant, alkaline gas. Atmospheric emission of NH3 was recognized as an environmental challenge. As a global issue, the NH3 emission survey with spatially detailed information demonstrated that the sources of atmospheric NH3 include agriculture (livestock wastes, fertilizers) and some industrial activities. As an environmental pollution, excessive NH3 exposure can induce many bird dysfunction. Neutrophils respond to multiple invading pathogens through different mechanisms. In order to investigate the effect of NH3 exposure on broilers' neutrophil, 1-day-old broilers were treated with/without NH3 for 28 days. We extracted neutrophils from peripheral blood of chicken with/without NH3 exposure and subsequently stimulated with PMA. Changes of cytokines and inflammatory bodies, heat shock proteins (HSPs), and glucose metabolism of neutrophil were examined in both cases. We not only explored that the index associated with inflammation changed due to NH3 exposure but also observed the status of neutrophils which was treated with PMA stimulation. After NH3 exposure, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly increased on broilers neutrophil. Inflammatory-related factors (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1) were significantly elevated. The mRNA expression of HSP70 and HSP90 was increased significantly. All glucose metabolism indicators were reduced. In summary, we concluded that NH3 enhanced inflammation and disrupted glucose metabolism, and increased the expression of HSPs and inflammatory factors. In addition, the sensitivity of neutrophils to exogenous stimuli was diminished. This information can not only be used to evaluate the damage of NH3-spiked neutrophils to chickens, but also provide clues for human health pathophysiology caused by excess NH3, providing valuable information for NH3 risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qianru Chi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shiping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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19
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VanElzakker MB, Brumfield SA, Lara Mejia PS. Neuroinflammation and Cytokines in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Critical Review of Research Methods. Front Neurol 2019; 9:1033. [PMID: 30687207 PMCID: PMC6335565 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is the label given to a syndrome that can include long-term flu-like symptoms, profound fatigue, trouble concentrating, and autonomic problems, all of which worsen after exertion. It is unclear how many individuals with this diagnosis are suffering from the same condition or have the same underlying pathophysiology, and the discovery of biomarkers would be clarifying. The name "myalgic encephalomyelitis" essentially means "muscle pain related to central nervous system inflammation" and many efforts to find diagnostic biomarkers have focused on one or more aspects of neuroinflammation, from periphery to brain. As the field uncovers the relationship between the symptoms of this condition and neuroinflammation, attention must be paid to the biological mechanisms of neuroinflammation and issues with its potential measurement. The current review focuses on three methods used to study putative neuroinflammation in ME/CFS: (1) positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging using translocator protein (TSPO) binding radioligand (2) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) neuroimaging and (3) assays of cytokines circulating in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. PET scanning using TSPO-binding radioligand is a promising option for studies of neuroinflammation. However, methodological difficulties that exist both in this particular technique and across the ME/CFS neuroimaging literature must be addressed for any results to be interpretable. We argue that the vast majority of ME/CFS neuroimaging has failed to use optimal techniques for studying brainstem, despite its probable centrality to any neuroinflammatory causes or autonomic effects. MRS is discussed as a less informative but more widely available, less invasive, and less expensive option for imaging neuroinflammation, and existing studies using MRS neuroimaging are reviewed. Studies seeking to find a peripheral circulating cytokine "profile" for ME/CFS are reviewed, with attention paid to the biological and methodological reasons for lack of replication among these studies. We argue that both the biological mechanisms of cytokines and the innumerable sources of potential variance in their measurement make it unlikely that a consistent and replicable diagnostic cytokine profile will ever be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. VanElzakker
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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20
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Regulation of Antimicrobial Pathways by Endogenous Heat Shock Proteins in Gastrointestinal Disorders. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord1010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential mediators of cellular homeostasis by maintaining protein functionality and stability, and activating appropriate immune cells. HSP activity is influenced by a variety of factors including diet, microbial stimuli, environment and host immunity. The overexpression and down-regulation of HSPs is associated with various disease phenotypes, including the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease (CD). While the precise etiology of CD remains unclear, many of the putative triggers also influence HSP activity. The development of different CD phenotypes therefore may be a result of the disease-modifying behavior of the environmentally-regulated HSPs. Understanding the role of bacterial and endogenous HSPs in host homeostasis and disease will help elucidate the complex interplay of factors. Furthermore, discerning the function of HSPs in CD may lead to therapeutic developments that better reflect and respond to the gut environment.
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21
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Wang L, Zhao H, Wang D. Inflammatory cytokine expression in patients with sepsis at an intensive care unit. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2126-2131. [PMID: 30186449 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection of bacteria, fungi and/or viruses in clinical patients. It is known that inflammatory cytokine levels have an essential role in the progression of sepsis. The present study investigated the role of inflammatory markers in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) of patients with sepsis at an intensive care unit. In addition, the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines were compared between sepsis patients and healthy individuals. The results demonstrated that the serum levels of interleukin-1, -17 and -6, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α, were upregulated in sepsis patients. The serum levels of high mobility group box 1 and C-reactive protein were increased in sepsis patients compared with those in healthy individuals. The expression levels of nuclear factor-κB-p65 and its inhibitor IκBα, as well as the ratio of CD25+ cells, and the levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and peptidoglycan recognition protein were higher in hPBMCs in sepsis patients compared with those in healthy individuals. It was also indicated that balance of T helper type 1/2 cytokines was also disturbed in patients with sepsis compared with that in healthy individuals. In conclusion, these results indicated that inflammation is involved in the progression of sepsis by interfering with the expression of various molecules, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, P.R. China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, P.R. China
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22
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Chen L, Lu Y, Zhao L, Hu L, Qiu Q, Zhang Z, Li M, Hong G, Wu B, Zhao G, Lu Z. Curcumin attenuates sepsis-induced acute organ dysfunction by preventing inflammation and enhancing the suppressive function of Tregs. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:1-7. [PMID: 29778842 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by the extensive release of cytokines and other mediators. It results in a dysregulated immune response and can lead to organ damage and death. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and immunoregulation functions in various disorders such as sepsis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, lung fibrosis, gallstone formation, and diabetes. This paper investigates the effects of curcumin on immune status and inflammatory response in mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Inflammatory tissue injury was evaluated by histological observation. Magnetic microbeads were used to isolate splenic CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (Tregs), and phenotypes were then analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of Foxp3 were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR and cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that the administration of curcumin significantly alleviated inflammatory injury of the lung and kidney in septic mice. The suppressive function of Treg cells was enhanced and the plasma levels of IL-10 increased after treatment with curcumin. Furthermore, the secretion of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 was notably inhibited in septic mice treated with curcumin and administration with curcumin could improve survival after CLP. These data suggest that curcumin could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Linjun Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lili Hu
- Central Blood Station of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qiaomeng Qiu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuoling Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mengfang Li
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Guangliang Hong
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Guangju Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; College of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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23
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El-Maddawy ZK, El-Sayed YS. Comparative analysis of the protective effects of curcumin and N-acetyl cysteine against paracetamol-induced hepatic, renal, and testicular toxicity in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3468-3479. [PMID: 29152699 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible protective role of curcumin (CUR) vs. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) against paracetamol (PCM)-induced oxidative damage and impairment of liver, kidney, and testicular functions, as well as hematotoxicity, in albino rats. A large single dose of PCM induced lipid peroxidation along with a significant decline in glutathione content and catalase activity in the liver, kidneys, and testicles. The apparent oxidative damage was associated with evident hepatic, renal, and testicular dysfunction, which was confirmed in histopathological lesions, and increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities. PCM decreased serum total protein, albumin, and globulin contents; increased bilirubin, urea, and creatinine contents; and induced hematotoxicity. PCM also reduced the sperm cell count, sperm motility, and alive sperm rate and increased the sperm abnormality rate. Pretreatment of PCM-intoxicated animals with CUR or NAC substantially alleviated the increase in malondialdehyde and maintained the antioxidants at control levels. These pretreatments also minimized liver, kidney, and testicular histopathological changes and normalized their functions. CUR similarly mitigated the PCM hemato- and hepatotoxicity compared with NAC. However, it exhibited a pronounced nephroprotection, rather than reproductive protection as did NAC. Our findings demonstrate that a large single dose of PCM is not only associated with hepatotoxicity but also nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Both CUR and NAC administration provided substantial organ protection with pronounced efficacy against PCM nephrotoxicity with CUR and reproductive toxicity with NAC, which was possibly mediated through their antioxidant activities, as well as their specific characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Kh El-Maddawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
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Yohn SE, Gorka D, Mistry A, Collins S, Qian E, Correa M, Manchanda A, Bogner RH, Salamone JD. Oral Ingestion and Intraventricular Injection of Curcumin Attenuates the Effort-Related Effects of the VMAT-2 Inhibitor Tetrabenazine: Implications for Motivational Symptoms of Depression. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2839-2844. [PMID: 28905625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effort-related choice tasks are used for studying depressive motivational symptoms such as anergia/fatigue. These studies investigated the ability of the dietary supplement curcumin to reverse the low-effort bias induced by the monoamine storage blocker tetrabenazine. Tetrabenazine shifted effort-related choice in rats, decreasing high-effort lever pressing but increasing chow intake. The effects of tetrabenazine were reversed by oral ingestion of curcumin (80.0-160.0 mg/kg) and infusions of curcumin into the cerebral ventricles (2.0-8.0 μg). Curcumin attenuates the effort-related effects of tetrabenazine in this model via actions on the brain, suggesting that curcumin may be useful for treating human motivational symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Merce Correa
- Àrea de Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I , Campus de Riu Sec, 12071 Castelló, Spain
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