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Gao J, Wang Y, Han R, Li J, Hao P, Li J, Chen X, Jiang L, Wang L, Ma Y, Chen L, Li X. Elevated KDM4D Expression in Pterygium: Impact and Potential Inhibition by Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024; 40:181-188. [PMID: 38386983 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of elevated KDM4D expression and potential therapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on pterygium. Methods: The expression levels of KDM4D in the primary pterygium (n = 29) and normal conjunctiva (n = 14) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The effects of KDM4D on pterygium fibroblasts were detected by the CCK-8 assay, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay, flow cytometry, and scratch wound healing assay. The relative expression of KDM4D in pterygium fibroblasts stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and LBP was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. The effects of LBP on pterygium fibroblasts were detected using flow cytometry and scratch wound healing assays. Results: The expression level of KDM4D in pterygium was higher than that in normal conjunctiva. KDM4D increased the cell viability of pterygium fibroblasts. The differentially expressed genes identified in the LM-MS assay enriched in "actin filament organization" and "apoptosis." KDM4D promoted migration and inhibited apoptosis of pterygium fibroblasts in vitro. Inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, enhanced the expression of KDM4D in pterygium fibroblasts. LBP inhibited the expression of KDM4D in pterygium fibroblasts and decreased their cell viability. Moreover, LBP attenuated the KDM4D effects on migration and apoptosis of pterygium fibroblasts. Conclusions: Elevated KDM4D expression is a risk factor for pterygium formation. LBP inhibits the expression of KDM4D in pterygium fibroblasts and may be a potential drug for delaying pterygium development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Han
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Hao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunqing Ma
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Xuan Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
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Shi Z, Liu Z, Wei Y, Zhang R, Deng Y, Li D. The role of dermal fibroblasts in autoimmune skin diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379490. [PMID: 38545113 PMCID: PMC10965632 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are an important subset of mesenchymal cells in maintaining skin homeostasis and resisting harmful stimuli. Meanwhile, fibroblasts modulate immune cell function by secreting cytokines, thereby implicating their involvement in various dermatological conditions such as psoriasis, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. Recently, variations in the subtypes of fibroblasts and their expression profiles have been identified in these prevalent autoimmune skin diseases, implying that fibroblasts may exhibit distinct functionalities across different diseases. In this review, from the perspective of their fundamental functions and remarkable heterogeneity, we have comprehensively collected evidence on the role of fibroblasts and their distinct subpopulations in psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and scleroderma. Importantly, these findings hold promise for guiding future research directions and identifying novel therapeutic targets for treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dong Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Sadeghi Z, Wu YX, Vu A, Song L, Phan W, Kim J, Keast JR, Balis U, DeLancey J, Villalta SA, Zi X. Dysfunction of the aging female mouse urethra is associated with striated muscle loss and increased fibrosis: an initial report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2023; 11:516-529. [PMID: 38148939 PMCID: PMC10749384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The decline of urethral function with advancing age plays a major role in urinary incontinence in women, impairing quality of life and economically burdening the health care system. However, none of the current urinary incontinence treatments address the declining urethral function with aging, and the mechanisms by which aging impacts urethra physiology remain little known or explored. Here, we have compared functional, morphometric, and global gene expression of urethral tissues between young and old female mice. Bladder leak point pressure (LPP) measurement showed that the aged female mice had 26.55% lower LPP compared to younger mice. Vectorized Scale-Invariant Pattern Recognition (VIPR) analysis of the relative abundance of different tissue components revealed that the mid-urethra of old female mice contains less striated muscle, more extracellular matrix/fibrosis, and diminished elastin fibers ratio compared to young mice. Gene expression profiling analysis (bulk RNA-seq of the whole urethra) showed more down-regulated genes in aged than young mice. Immune response and muscle-related (striated and smooth) pathways were predominantly enriched. In contrast, keratinization, skin development, and cell differentiation pathways were significantly downregulated in aged urethral tissues compared to those from young female mice. These results suggest that molecular pathways (i.e., ACVR1/FST signaling and CTGF/TGF-β signaling) leading to a decreased striated muscle mass and an increase in fibrous extracellular matrix in the process of aging deserve further investigation for their roles in the declined urethral function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhina Sadeghi
- Department of Urology, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
- Muscle Biology and Disease Research Center, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Yi Xi Wu
- Department of Urology, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Amberly Vu
- Department of Urology, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Liankun Song
- Department of Urology, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - William Phan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jeffery Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
- Experimental Tissue Resource, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Janet R Keast
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of MelbourneParkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ulysses Balis
- Department of Pathology-Bioinformatics, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John DeLancey
- Department of Gynecology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - S Armando Villalta
- Muscle Biology and Disease Research Center, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zi
- Department of Urology, University of CaliforniaIrvine, CA 92868, USA
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare SystemLong Beach, CA 90822, USA
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Zhang R, Wei Y, Wang T, Nie X, Shi Z, Deng Y, Li D. Exosomal miRNAs in autoimmune skin diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1307455. [PMID: 38106405 PMCID: PMC10722155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, bilaterally phospholipid-coated small vesicles, are produced and released by nearly all cells, which comprise diverse biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, RNA, and others, that participate in the regulation of their biological functions. An increasing number of studies have revealed that the contents of exosomes, particularly microRNA(miRNA), play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including autoimmune skin diseases. MiRNA is a class of single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that possess approximately 22 nucleotides in length with the capability of binding to the untranslated as well as coding regions of target mRNA to regulate gene expression precisely at the post-transcriptional level. Various exosomal miRNAs have been found to be significantly expressed in some autoimmune skin diseases and involved in the pathogenesis of conditions via regulating the secretion of crucial pathogenic cytokines and the direction of immune cell differentiation. Thus, exosomal miRNAs might be promising biomarkers for monitoring disease progression, relapse and reflection to treatment based on their functions and changes. This review summarized the current studies on exosomal miRNAs in several common autoimmune skin diseases, aiming to dissect the underlying mechanism from a new perspective, seek novel biomarkers for disease monitoring and lay the foundation for developing innovative target therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujia Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Nie
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeqi Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Liao Y, Huang S, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhao H. Decrease of Cellular Communication Network Factor 1 (CCN1) Attenuates PTZ-Kindled Epilepsy in Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4279-4293. [PMID: 37864627 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of communication network factor 1 (CCN1) regulating pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptogenesis, deepen the understanding of epilepsy seizure pathogenesis, and provide new drug action targets for its clinical prevention and treatment. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) on microarrays GSE47516 and GSE88992 were analyzed online using GEO2R. Pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis of DEGs were carried out using Metascape. Brain tissue samples of severe traumatic brain injury patients (named Healthy group) and refractory epilepsy patients (named Epilepsy group) were obtained and analyzed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. A PTZ-induced epilepsy mouse model was established and verified. Morphological changes of neurons in mouse brain tissue were detected using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. qRT-PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax, Caspase-3 and bcl2. TUNEL staining was performed to detect brain neuron apoptosis. The levels of myocardial enzymology, GSH, MDA and ROS in blood of mouse were detected by biochemical assay. CCN1 expression was increased in epilepsy brain tissue samples. CCN1 decreasing effectively prolongs seizure incubation period and decreases seizure duration. Silencing of CCN1 also reduces neuronal damage and apoptosis, decreases mRNA and protein expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3, increases mRNA expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl2. Moreover, decrease of CCN1 decreases myocardial enzymatic indexes CK and CK-MB levels, reduces myocardial tissue hemorrhage, and relieves oxidative stress response in hippocampal and myocardial tissue. CCN1 expression is increased in epileptic samples. CCN1 decreasing protects brain tissue by attenuating oxidative stress and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis triggered by PTZ injection, which probably by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Sha Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yuhu Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Honghai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Haiting Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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