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Gurkan-Alp AS, Karabay AZ, Koc A, Buyukbingol E. Novel indole retinoid derivative induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and modulates AKT and ERK signaling in HL-60 cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:557-565. [PMID: 36690337 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy with targeted drugs is the first line therapy option for acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. However, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be used in high-risk patients or patients with failed responses to chemo drugs. Discovery and development of more effective new agents with lower side effects is the main aim of leukemia treatment. In this study, a novel retinoid compound with tetrahydronaphthalene ring was synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity in human chronic and acute myeloid leukemia cell lines K562 and HL-60. Novel N-(1H-indol-1-yl)-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carboxamide was synthesized based on molecular hybridization of the two different bioactive structures retinoid head and indole. The effects of the synthesized carboxamide compound, which was referred to as compound 5, were determined in K562 chronic myeloid leukemia and HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cell lines and L929 fibroblast cell line, which served as a control. Colorimetric MTT and caspase3 activity tests, flow cytometry, western blot, and microscopic examinations were used to evaluate biological activity. Compound 5 more effectively induced cell death in HL60 cells in comparison to K562 cells and L929 fibroblast cells. Therefore, further mechanism of cell death was investigated in HL60 cell line. It was found that compound 5 induced remarkable cytotoxicity, caspase3 activation, and PARP fragmentation in HL60 cells. Flow cytometric staining showed that the percentage of cells arrested in G0/G1 was also increased with compound 5 treatment. Important modulator proteins of cell proliferation p-ERK, p-AKT, and p-m-TOR were also found to be inhibited with compound 5 treatment. Collectively, our results reveal compound 5, which is a novel indole retinoid compound as a potential active agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Selen Gurkan-Alp
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Z Karabay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Koc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Buyukbingol
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Tarasiuk J, Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Żwierełło W. Antitumour Effects of Selected Pyridinium Salts on Sensitive Leukaemia HL60 Cells and Their Multidrug Resistant Topoisomerase II-Defective HL60/MX2 Counterparts. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165138. [PMID: 36014378 PMCID: PMC9415637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR), having a multifactorial nature, is one of the major clinical problems causing the failure of anticancer therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the antitumour effects of selected pyridinium salts, 1-methyl-3-nitropyridine chloride (MNP) and 3,3,6,6,10-pentamethyl-3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,8(2H,5H)-dion]acridine chloride (MDION), on sensitive leukaemia HL60 cells and resistant topoisomerase II-defective HL60/MX2 cells. Cell growth was determined by the MTT test. Intracellular ROS level was measured with the aid of 2′,7′-DCF-DA. The cell cycle distribution was investigated by performing PI staining. DSB formation was examined using the γ-H2AX histone phosphorylation assay. The activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8 was measured with the use of the FLICA test. The assays for examining the lysosome membrane permeabilization were carried out with the aid of LysoTracker Green DND-26. Both studied compounds exerted very similar cytotoxic activities towards sensitive HL60 cells and their MDR counterparts. They modulated the cellular ROS level in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and significantly increased the percentage of sensitive HL60 and resistant HL60/MX2 cells with sub-diploid DNA (sub-G1 fraction). However, the induction of DSB formation was not a significant mechanism of action of these pyridinium salts in studied cells. Both examined compounds triggered caspase-3/caspase-8-dependent apoptosis of sensitive HL60 cells and their MDR counterparts. Additionally, the findings of the study indicate that lysosomes may also participate in the programmed death of HL60 as well as HL60/MX2 cells induced by MDION. The data obtained in this work showed that both examined pyridinium salts, MNP and MDION, are able to retain high antileukaemic effects against multidrug resistant topoisomerase II-defective HL60/MX2 cells.
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Akdeniz GY, Akgün H, Özakpınar ÖB, Duracık M, Öztürk M, İşcan E, Başoğlu F. Synthesis and studies of anticancer and antimicrobial activity of new phenylurenyl chalcone derivatives. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666220110153542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Phenylurenyl chalcone structures have the potential to act as a scaffold in anticancer drug discovery.
Methods:
N-Phenethyl-N'-{4-[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]phenyl}urea, 4/3-[(2E)-3-substitutedphenylprop-2-enoyl]phenyl}-N-phenylurea,4/3-[(2E)-3-substitutedphenyl
prop-2-enoyl]phenyl}-N-methylphenyl urea and {4/3-[(2E)-3-substitutedphenylprop-2-enoyl]phenyl}-N-ethylphenyl urea derivatives(1-35)were prepared and evaluated for their anticancer and antimicrobial activity against A-549 Hep-3B, HT-29, CF-7, PC-3, K-562 NIH-3T3 and Huh-7 cell lines and against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), respectively.
Results:
While compounds 2, 26, 29, and 34 showed moderate cytotoxic activity on cell line Huh 7, compounds 14 (IC50: 6.42 µM), 16 (IC50: 5.64 µM), 19 (IC50: 6.95 µM) and 34 (IC50: 6.87 µM) showed good cytotoxic activity on Huh-7 cell line close to Sorafenib (IC50: 4.29 µM) (as reference). MIC values of compounds 4 and 22 against E. coli were 25 μg/ml, of compounds 3, 14 and 29 against P. aeruginosa 25 μg/ml and of compounds 11 and 33 against S. aureus 25 μg/ml. On the other hand, the minimum inhibitory concentration of all tested compounds against C. albicans was 25 μg/ml.
Conclusion:
N-Phenethyl-N'-{4-[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]phenyl}urea may be a new candidate to be developed as an anticancer compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güneş Yıldırım Akdeniz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Akgün
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Bingöl Özakpınar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Duracık
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- zmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Evin İşcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Tınaztepe University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Faika Başoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, European University of Lefke, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10 Mersin, Turkey
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Rodríguez I, Saavedra E, del Rosario H, Perdomo J, Quintana J, Prencipe F, Oliva P, Romagnoli R, Estévez F. Apoptosis Pathways Triggered by a Potent Antiproliferative Hybrid Chalcone on Human Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413462. [PMID: 34948260 PMCID: PMC8706831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization reported that approximately 324,000 new cases of melanoma skin cancer were diagnosed worldwide in 2020. The incidence of melanoma has been increasing over the past decades. Targeting apoptotic pathways is a potential therapeutic strategy in the transition to preclinical models and clinical trials. Some naturally occurring products and synthetic derivatives are apoptosis inducers and may represent a realistic option in the fight against the disease. Thus, chalcones have received considerable attention due to their potential cytotoxicity against cancer cells. We have previously reported a chalcone containing an indole and a pyridine heterocyclic rings and an α-bromoacryloylamido radical which displays potent antiproliferative activity against several tumor cell lines. In this study, we report that this chalcone is a potent apoptotic inducer for human melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-1 and MEL-HO. Cell death was associated with mitochondrial cytochrome c release and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and was prevented by a non-specific caspase inhibitor. Using SK-MEL-1 as a model, we found that the mechanism of cell death involves (i) the generation of reactive oxygen species, (ii) activation of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, (iii) upregulation of TRAIL, DR4 and DR5, (iv) downregulation of p21Cip1/WAF1 and, inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - Ester Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
- Instituto Canario de Investigación del Cáncer (ICIC), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Henoc del Rosario
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - Juan Perdomo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
| | - Filippo Prencipe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.P.); (P.O.); (R.R.)
| | - Paola Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.P.); (P.O.); (R.R.)
| | - Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.P.); (P.O.); (R.R.)
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (I.R.); (E.S.); (H.d.R.); (J.P.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928-451-443; Fax: +34-928-451-441
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Mohamed MF, Ibrahim NS, Ibrahim SA, El-Manawaty MA, El-Hallouty SM, Hassaneen HM, Abdelhamid IA. Cytotoxic Activity, Apoptosis Induction and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Breast Cancer (MCF7) Cells by a Novel Fluorinated Tetrahydro-[1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-a]Isoquinolin Chalcones. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2014535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magda F. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nada S. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - May A. El-Manawaty
- Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salwa M. El-Hallouty
- Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Juluru Bhaskar, Srinivas B, Gouthami D, Suresh P. One-Pot Multi-Component Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Indole-Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potent Anti-Cancer and Anti-Microbial Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202104004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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New chalcone-type compounds and 2-pyrazoline derivatives: synthesis and caspase-dependent anticancer activity. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:493-509. [PMID: 32100558 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: There is a continuous and urgent need for new anticancer agents with novel structures and target selectivity. Methods & results: The anticancer activity of the prepared compounds was assessed against human lung (A549) and stomach (AGS) cancer cell lines and evaluated in the noncancer human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cell line. 2-Pyrazolines were devoid of toxicity in all cell lines used, chalcones bearing a β-(benz)imidazole moiety being toxic toward AGS cell line. Mechanistic studies showed that these compounds trigger loss of cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, while eliciting morphological traits compatible with regulated cell death, which was ultimately shown to derive from caspase activation, specifically caspase-3. Conclusion: Chalcones 1-3 have been identified as new and promising anticancer agents toward the AGS cell line.
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Inhibitory effects of N-(acryloyl)benzamide derivatives on tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3929-3937. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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A Systems Pharmacology Approach for Identifying the Multiple Mechanisms of Action of the Wei Pi Xiao Decoction for the Treatment of Gastric Precancerous Lesions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1562707. [PMID: 30854000 PMCID: PMC6378068 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1562707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Wei Pi Xiao (WPX) decoction, based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL). Although WPX is known to be effective for the treatment of GPL, its active ingredients, cellular targets, and the precise molecular mechanism of action are not known. This study aimed to identify the multiple mechanisms of action of the WPX decoction in the treatment of GPL. The active compounds, drug targets, and the key pathways involved in the therapeutic effect of WPX in the treatment of GPL were analyzed by an integrative analysis pipeline. The information pertaining to the compounds present in WPX and their disease targets was obtained from TCMSP and GeneCards, respectively. The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of WPX were investigated with gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. A total of 82 bioactive compounds and 146 related targets were identified in this study. Following target analyses, the targets were further mapped to 26 key biological processes and 21 related pathways to construct a target-pathway network and an integrated GPL pathway. The study demonstrated that the WPX formula primarily treats the dysfunctions of GPL arising from cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mucosal inflammation, which offered a novel insight into the pathogenesis of GPL and revealed the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of the WPX formula in GPL. This study offers a novel approach for the systematic investigation of the mechanisms of action of herbal medicines, which will provide an impetus to the GPL drug development pipeline.
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