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Yi P, Qiang X, Liu S, Han Y, Li Y, Liu H, Wang J. Simulation of Daily Transpiration of Tomatoes Grown in Venlo-Type Greenhouse Substrates. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:374. [PMID: 38337907 PMCID: PMC10856893 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
An appropriate water supply strategy is imperative for obtaining tomatoes of a high yield and quality; the lack of one has caused resource wastage and quality deterioration. To determine the suitable irrigation amount and simulate daily transpiration under these optimal irrigation conditions, a two-year greenhouse cultivation experiment was conducted over 2022-2023. Commencing at anthesis, three distinct irrigation gradients were triggered and designated as irrigation controls with the lower limits set at 80% (T1), 70% (T2), and 60% (T3) of the substrate water-holding capacity. We determined the optimal irrigation amount by ranking the treatments using the TOPSIS method, balancing the tomato yield and quality. A segmented daily transpiration model under optimal irrigation conditions driven by crop and environmental factors was established using the Marquardt method and data from 2022, and the model was validated using data from 2023. The results indicated that T2 was the optimal irrigation amount, with the water use efficiency increased by 18.0%, but with a 10.9% decrease in yield, while the quality indices improved significantly. The R2 values of the segmented model in the flowering and fruit-setting stage and the picking stage were 0.92 and 0.86, respectively, which could provide support for optimized water management for tomato planting in greenhouse substrate cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoman Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shengxing Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Yang Han
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jinglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China; (P.Y.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
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Alves TRC, Torres SB, de Paiva EP, de Oliveira RR, Oliveira RRT, Freires ALA, Pereira KTO, de Brito DL, Alves CZ, Dutra AS, Benedito CP, de Melo AS, Ferreira-Neto M, da Silva Dias N, da Silva Sá FV. Production and Physiological Quality of Seeds of Mini Watermelon Grown in Substrates with a Saline Nutrient Solution Prepared with Reject Brine. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192534. [PMID: 36235400 PMCID: PMC9571872 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The economically profitable production of crops is related, among other factors, to seed quality, the production system, and the water used in irrigation or preparation of nutrient solutions. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the phenology, production, and vigor of seeds of mini watermelons grown in saline nutrient solution and different substrates. In the fruit and seed production phase, the experiment occurred in a greenhouse with five electrical conductivities of water for nutrient solution preparation, ECw (0.5, 2.4, 4.0, 5.5, and 6.9 dS m−1), and two growing substrates (coconut fiber and sand). We evaluated the physiological quality of seeds previously produced under the five electrical conductivities of water and two substrates. High salinities for the hydroponic cultivation of the mini watermelon cultivar ‘Sugar Baby’ accelerated fruit maturation and crop cycle, decreasing fruit size. However, in both substrates, the seed production of mini watermelons, seed viability, and seed vigor occurred adequately with a reject brine of 6.9 dS m−1 in the hydroponic nutrient solution. The seed production of ‘Sugar Baby’ mini watermelons using reject brine in a hydroponic system with coconut fiber and sand substrates is viable in regions with water limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatianne Raianne Costa Alves
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Salvador Barros Torres
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Emanoela Pereira de Paiva
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Roseane Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | | | - Afonso Luiz Almeida Freires
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Leite de Brito
- Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Chapadão do Sul 79560-000, Brazil
| | - Charline Zaratin Alves
- Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Chapadão do Sul 79560-000, Brazil
| | - Alek Sandro Dutra
- Department of Fitotecnia, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60356-001, Brazil
| | - Clarisse Pereira Benedito
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Alberto Soares de Melo
- Department of Biology, State University of Paraíba—UEPB, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Miguel Ferreira-Neto
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Nildo da Silva Dias
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá
- Department of Agronomic and Forest Science, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-(83)9-9861-9267
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