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Jansen-Alves C, Rodrigues Pereira J, Zambiazi RC, Murowaniecki Otero D. Rosaceae rubus rosifolius smith: nutritional, bioactive and antioxidant potential of unconventional fruit. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:4013-4017. [PMID: 36564058 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2160979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rubus is an economically important fruit, highly valued for its taste and medicinal properties. Itis estimated that there are between 400 and 700 species, but many of them are still unknown to the general population. There is a little information in the literature about the physicochemical and bioactive composition, as well as the antioxidant activity of these fruit, which is why this research was carried out. The fruits showed lipids (7.42%), ash (0.27%), dietary protein (11.54%), fiber (23.72%), carbohydrates (59.18%), low acidity, and good °Brix. Regarding bioactive compounds, good concentrations of phenolic compounds (289.4 (mg. g-1 EAG), flavonoids (155 mg100g-1), anthocyanins (120.11 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 g-1), and phytoene (517.3 mg100g-1) were found. The wild strawberry showed a good antioxidant capacity, which was confirmed by different analytical methods. Because of the results of this research, it is concluded that this fruit has nutritional and phytochemical potential that should be included in the human diet, and its consumption should therefore be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui Carlos Zambiazi
- Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Science, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Deborah Murowaniecki Otero
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Nutrition School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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de Quadros APO, Baraldi IB, Petreanu M, Niero R, Mantovani MS, De Mascarenhas Gaivão IO, Maistro EL. Cytogenotoxic evaluations of leaves and stems extracts of Rubus rosifolius in primary metabolically noncompetent cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:361-371. [PMID: 37096566 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2203190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants with medicinal potential may also produce adverse effects in humans. This seems to be the case for the species Rubus rosifolius, where preliminary studies demonstrated genotoxic effects attributed to extracts obtained from leaves and stems of this plant using on HepG2/C3A human hepatoma cells as a model. Considering the beneficial properties of this plant as an antidiarrheal, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antihypertensive and its effects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, the present study was developed with the aim of determining the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of extracts of leaves and stems of R. rosifolius in primary without metabolic competence in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Cell viability analyses at concentrations of between 0.01 and 100 µg/ml of both extracts did not markedly affect cell viability. In contrast, assessment of the genotoxic potential using the comet assay demonstrated significant damage to DNA within PBMC from a concentration of 10 µg/ml in the stem extract, and a clastogenic/aneugenic response without cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI) alterations at concentrations of 10, 20, or 100 µg/ml for both extracts. Under our experimental conditions, the data obtained demonstrated genotoxic and mutagenic effects attributed to extracts from leaves and stems of R. rosifolius in cells in the absence of hepatic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Oliveira de Quadros
- Post-Graduate Program on General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabel Bragança Baraldi
- Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcel Petreanu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vale do Itajaí University (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vale do Itajaí University (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Post-Graduate Program on General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP - Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, Marília, SP, Brazil
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Rubus rosifolius (Rosaceae) stem extract induces cell injury and apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 86:105485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kulyar MFEA, Mo Q, Yao W, Ding Y, Yan Z, Du H, Pan H, Li K, Gao J, Shahzad M, Mansoor MK, Iqbal M, Waqas M, Akhtar M, Bhutta ZA, Li J. Chlorogenic acid suppresses miR-460a in the regulation of Bcl-2, causing interleukin-1β reduction in thiram exposed chondrocytes via caspase-3/caspase-7 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154296. [PMID: 35809377 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis is thought to be involved in all processes, including normal cell cycle, immune system, atrophy, embryonic development, and chemical-induced cellular damage. However, if the normal apoptotic process fails, the results might be disastrous, e.g., chondrocytes damage in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). TD is a worldwide issue in the poultry sector due to thiram toxicity. Thiram (Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide) is a dithiocarbamate pesticide and fungicide commonly used in horticulture to treat grains meant for seed protection and preservation. PURPOSE According to prior studies, chlorogenic acid (CGA) is becoming essential for regulating apoptosis. But still, the specific role of CGA in chondrocyte cells remains unclear. The present study explored the molecular mechanism of CGA on chondrocytes' apoptosis with B-cell lymphoma 2 signaling under the effect of miR-460a. METHODS An in vivo and in vitro study was performed according to our previously developed methodology. Flow cytometry, western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence assay were used to investigate the involvement of apoptosis and inflammasome related pathways. RESULTS The CGA decreased the apoptosis rate with the deactivation of miR-460a, accompanied by the activation of Bcl-2. The high expression of miR-460a reduced the cell viability of chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo, that led to the interleukin-1β production. While the apoptotic executioners (caspase-3 and caspase-7) acted upstream in miR-460a overexpressing cells, and its depletion downgraded these executioners. The CGA administrated cells negatively regulated miR-460a expression and thus indicating the deactivation of the apoptotic and inflammasome related pathways. CONCLUSION Chlorogenic acid had a negative effect on miR-460a, setting off specific feedback to regulate apoptotic and inflammasome pathways, which might be a key feature for chondrocytes' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quan Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yanmei Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhang Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Haitao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Huachun Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Kewei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jindong Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Yang X, Wang X, Wu Y, Yan L, Hu X, Zhang W. The complete chloroplast genome of Rubus rosifolius (Rosaceae), an ornamental and medicinal plant. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:1296-1298. [PMID: 35874281 PMCID: PMC9297712 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2093669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus rosifolius belongs to the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae and is widely distributed globally. It has white flowers and red fruits. Moreover, it has medicinal value for diseases of the stomach and other areas. However, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of R. rosifolius remains unclear. In the present study, we sequenced the complete cp genome of R. rosifolius (GenBank accession no. OL435124), which had a typical quadripartite structure and a size of 155,650 bp. Fifteen genes (trnK-UUU, rps16, trnG-UCC, atpF, rpoC1, trnL-UAA, trnV-UAC, petB, petD, rpl16, rpl2, ndhB, trnI-GAU, trnA-UGC, and ndhA) contained an intron, and two genes (clpP and ycf3) contained two introns. The gene rps12 showed trans-splicing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that R. rosifolius was closely related to Rubus taiwanicola, Rubus rubroangustifolius, and Rubus glandulosopunctatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yongfei Wu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Hu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wanping Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
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Pires CL, Zanetti TA, Mantovani MS, Gaivão IODM, Perazzo FF, Rosa PCP, Maistro EL. Pracaxi oil affects xenobiotic metabolisms, cellular proliferation, and oxidative stress without cytotogenotoxic effects in HepG2/C3A cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 83:105392. [PMID: 35605793 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze seeds oil has been used as a topical healing agent, applied mainly to parturients and snake bites. The objective was to investigate the effects of pracaxi oil (POP) on HepG2/C3A cells under cytogenotoxicity, cell cycle and apoptosis influence, and expression of metabolism and other related cell types proliferation genes. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT test and apoptosis and cell cycle interferences by flow cytometry. To identify genotoxicity were used comet and micronucleus tests. RT-qPCR investigated gene expression. PO chemical characterization has shown two significant triterpenes, identified as oleanolic acid and hederagenin. The results showed that the PO did not reduce cell viability at concentrations ranging from 31 to 500 μg/ml. Comet and micronucleus assays revealed the absence of genotoxic effects, and flow cytometry showed no cell cycle or apoptosis disturbance. RT-qPCR indicated that PO up-regulated genes related to metabolism (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP1A1), cell proliferation (mTOR), and oxidative stress (GPX1). The data indicate that PO has no cytogenotoxic effects and suggest that it activated the PI3/AKT/mTOR cascade of cell growth and proliferation. Inside the cells, the PO activated xenobiotic metabolizing genes, responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, can neutralize ROS with increased GPX1 gene expression without genetic damage, interruption of the cell cycle, or induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thalita Alves Zanetti
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabel O'Neill de Mascarenhas Gaivão
- Department of Genetics, Biotechnology, and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fábio Ferreira Perazzo
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.; Speech and Hearing Therapy Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil..
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Silva WMF, Bona NP, Pedra NS, Cunha KFD, Fiorentini AM, Stefanello FM, Zavareze ER, Dias ARG. Risk assessment of in vitro cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mentha piperita L. essential oil. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:230-242. [PMID: 34781835 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1999875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. (peppermint). Fifteen chemical constituents were identified in the essential oil, for a total of 99.99% of the compounds. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oil of Mentha piperita L. for Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes was 1.84 μg/ml, whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were 3.7 and 7.43 μg/ml, respectively. The oil displayed potent antioxidant activity inhibiting up to approximately73% of 2,2'-azinothiobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. In the cytotoxicity assay, the highest essential oil concentration (100 μg/ml) resulted in viability of approximately 90% human epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. With respect to antitumor activity in C6 rat glioma cells, there was significant reduction in cell viability: 56-74% in 24 hr, and 71-77% in 48 hr. Data suggest that in presence of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor and non-cytotoxic properties were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M F Silva
- Agroindustrial Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - N P Bona
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting - Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Inflammation and Cancer, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus S/n, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - N S Pedra
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting - Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Inflammation and Cancer, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus S/n, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - K F Da Cunha
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - A M Fiorentini
- Agroindustrial Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - F M Stefanello
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting - Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Inflammation and Cancer, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus S/n, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - E R Zavareze
- Agroindustrial Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - A R G Dias
- Agroindustrial Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, Brazil
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Kim YY, Kim MK, Shin HS. Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) levels from various smoking cessation aids by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:110-120. [PMID: 34551676 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1979436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method was validated and developed to determine the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, benzene, toluene, and styrene from smoking cessation aids using by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seventeen non-ignitable cigarette type of smoking cessation aids, liquid-phase of smoking cessation aids, gas-phase of smoking cessation aids, and ignitable cigarette type of smoking cessation aids were analyzed for levels of six VOCs. The proposed method for six VOCs was validated in satisfactory linearity (R2 > 0.99), recovery (80.38-119.14%). limit of detection (LOD) (0.05-0.19 μg/ml), limit of quantification (LOQ) (0.07-0.18 μg/ml), accuracy (80.47-117.28%), and precision (0.15-7.22%). The mean concentrations of six VOCs were generated in 1,3-butadiene (6.18 μg/cigarette), isoprene (0.34 μg/cigarette), acrylonitrile (0.003 μg/cigarette), benzene (ND = not detected, the lower limit of detection), toluene (0.27 μg/cigarette), styrene (0.13 μg/cigarette). Results showed low levels of VOCs from smoking cessation aid except from liquid-phase of smoking cessation aids. These results are necessary to investigate unintentional hazardous substances generated from smoking cessation aids, and develop accurate analytical method in order to obtain scientific basis for safety management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Jeon S, Choi HD, Lee JH, Bae JS, Kim N, Kim HG, Kim KB, Kim HR. Exposure to long-term evolution radiofrequency electromagnetic fields decreases neuroblastoma cell proliferation via Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:846-857. [PMID: 34196262 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1944944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the potential effects of long-term evolution (LTE) radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on cell proliferation using SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. The growth rate and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells were significantly decreased upon exposure to 1760 MHz RF-EMF at 4 W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) for 4 hr/day for 4 days. Cell cycle analysis indicated that the cell cycle was delayed in the G0/G1 phase after RF-EMF exposure. However, DNA damage or apoptosis was not involved in the reduced cellular proliferation following RF-EMF exposure because the expression levels of histone H2A.X at Ser139 (γH2AX) were not markedly altered and the apoptotic pathway was not activated. However, SH-SY5Y cells exposed to RF-EMF exhibited a significant elevation in Akt and mTOR phosphorylation levels. In addition, the total amount of p53 and phosphorylated-p53 was significantly increased. Data suggested that Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence led to p53 activation via stimulation of the mTOR pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. The transcriptional activation of p53 led to a rise in expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p27. Further, subsequent inhibition of CDK2 and CDK4 produced a fall in phosphorylated retinoblastoma (pRb at Ser807/811), which decreased cell proliferation. Taken together, these data suggest that exposure to RF-EMF might induce Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence, which may delay the cell cycle without triggering DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sangbong Jeon
- Radio and Broadcasting Technology Laboratory, ETRI, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Do Choi
- Radio and Broadcasting Technology Laboratory, ETRI, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Bae
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Gun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- NeuroVis Inc., Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hak Rim Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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Selbach MT, Scotti AS, Feistel CC, Nicolau CC, Dalberto D, Dos Santos NG, Borsoi G, Ferraz ABF, Grivicich I, de Souza GMS, Chytry P, Dias JF, Corrêa DS, da Silva J. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Sida planicaulis Cav extract using human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:345-355. [PMID: 33435828 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1871144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sida planicaulis is a weed thought to have originated in Brazil, where it is present in abundant quantities, but also this plant is also found in south-central Florida, Indian Ocean Islands, and the Pacific Islands. Sida planicaulis produces neurotoxicity that adversely affects livestock breeding with heavy animal losses and consequent negative impact on Brazil's economy. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis collected in winter (leaf extract) and summer (leaf extract and leaf + flower extract) using an in vitro model of human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and apolar compounds. Rutin, quercetin, and swainsonine were detected by HPLC and GC/MS, respectively. Phosphorus, potassium, iron, and zinc were the inorganic elements found. Extracts produced cytotoxicity at all concentrations tested (7-4,000 μg/ml) as evidenced by the colorimetric assay [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT)]. Based upon the alkaline comet assay extracts were found to induce genotoxicity at concentrations ranging from 0.437 to 7 μg/ml. DNA damage produced by extracts was affirmed using a modified comet assay with the enzymes Endo III and FPG in a concentration dependent manner. Further, enzyme-modified comet assay showed both oxidized purines and pyrimidines, and consequently oxidative stress was related to genomic instability and cell death. Data suggest that low concentrations of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis (different seasons) induced increased DNA damage related to oxidative stress and chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Terezinha Selbach
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Scotti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleverson Costa Feistel
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline C Nicolau
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Dalberto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Garcia Dos Santos
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borsoi
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Chytry
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- Center for Research in Product and Development (CEPPED), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Melo Bisneto AVD, Oliveira LCD, Silva Fernandes A, Silva LS, Véras JH, Cardoso CG, E Silva CR, de Moraes Filho AV, Carneiro CC, Chen-Chen L. Recombinogenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects of azathioprine using in vivo assays. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:261-271. [PMID: 33372579 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1864692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Azathioprine (Aza) is a purine antimetabolite immunosuppressant that is widely employed for immunosuppressive therapy in post-transplant recipients or patients with autoimmune diseases. Chronic use of immunosuppressants might produce several side effects, including a high rate of neoplasms in these patients. Considering that genotoxic effects are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer, the aim of this study was to examine the recombinogenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects of Aza using Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster, as well as comet and micronucleus assays in mouse bone marrow cells. Further, the adverse effects of Aza were determined in mouse hepatic and renal tissues using histopathological analysis. Data demonstrated that Aza induced significant increased genotoxicity in D. melanogaster and mouse bone marrow cells at all concentrations tested. Homologous recombination was the predominant genotoxic event noted for the first time to be initiated by Aza in SMART. In histopathological analysis, Aza did not show any marked toxic activity in mouse hepatic and renal tissues. Therefore, the high rate of neoplasms reported in patients with long-term use of Aza may be attributed, at least partially, to the genotoxic action of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V D Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L C D Oliveira
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - A Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L S Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - J H Véras
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - C G Cardoso
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carolina R E Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - A V de Moraes Filho
- Institute of Health Sciences, Alfredo Nasser University, Aparecida de Goiânia, Brazil
| | - C C Carneiro
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Paulista, Campus Flamboyant, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Samambaia, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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12
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Pereira EDDM, da Silva J, Carvalho PDS, Grivicich I, Picada JN, Salgado Júnior IB, Vasques GJ, Pereira MADS, Reginatto FH, Ferraz ADBF. In vivo and in vitro toxicological evaluations of aqueous extract from Cecropia pachystachya leaves. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:659-671. [PMID: 32865139 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1811817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
leaves are popularly used to treat asthma and diabetes. Despite the widespread consumption of this plant, there are few scientific studies regarding its toxicological potential. In order to conduct a thorough study concerning the potential adverse effects, the aim of this study was to assess acute and subacute toxicity tests of crude aqueous extract from C. pachystachya leaves (CAE-Cp) using in vivomodel, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant activity. In addition, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and cytotoxicity of isoorientin (ISOO) were also evaluated. The antioxidant activity was verified by DPPH, cytotoxicity using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and genotoxicity by comet assay on V79 cells. The phytochemical analysis of CAE-Cp detected flavonoids and tannins, CGA and ISOO as the major compounds utilizing HPLC. The total flavonoid content (6.52 mg/g EQ) and antioxidant activity (EC50 = 62.15 µg/ml) of CAE-Cp were determined. In vitro evaluations with CAE-Cp showed genotoxic effects at 0.31 to 2.5 mg/ml and an expressive cytotoxicity on HT-29 (IC50 = 4.43 µg/ml) cells. CGA was genotoxic against V79 cells at 0.07 mg/ml and cytotoxic against to HT-29 (IC50 = 71.70 µg/ml), OVCAR-3 (IC50 = 80.07 µg/ml), MCF-7 (IC50 = 45.58 µg/ml) and, NCI-H460 (IC50 = 71.89 µg/ml) cancer cell lines. Wistar rats treated with a single dose (2,000 mg/kg) CAE-Cp decreased hemoglobin levels after 14 days, although no significant toxicity was observed in animals after 28 days. In view of the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity detected, further studies are necessary to establish the safe use of CAE-Cp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erminiana Damiani de Mendonça Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
- Programa de Iniciação Científica e Tecnológica, Centro Universitário Luterano de Palmas , Palmas, Brasil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
| | - Patrícia da Silva Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
| | | | - Gabriela Jouglard Vasques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
| | | | - Flavio Henrique Reginatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - Alexandre de Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, Brasil
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