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García-Angulo FJ, Palao JM, Giménez-Egido JM, Ortega-Toro E. Effect of Rule Modifications on Kinematic Parameters Using Maturity Stage as a Moderating Variable in U-10 Football Players. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2462. [PMID: 38676078 PMCID: PMC11053628 DOI: 10.3390/s24082462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of regulatory modifications in competitive situations on cinematic variables, considering maturity stage as a moderating factor, in youth football players. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in which 45 players with a mean age of 9.47 ± 0.54 participated. The independent variable analysed was the modification of rules (playing time, scoring, and specific rules). The dependent variables analysed were cinematic variables. These variables were recorded with WimuTM. The maturity stage was considered a moderating factor in this effect. The main results indicate that the modified competition reduced the total distance covered, maximum acceleration speed, and distance covered in acceleration and deceleration in different speed zones. In addition, the maturity stage was found to moderate the effect of the intervention on the total distance covered, distance covered by accelerating in zone 3, and distance covered by decelerating in zone 3. Thus, the proposed modification appeared to reduce the physical demand for competition. Furthermore, it reduced the differences between players with early maturational development and those with late maturational development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier García-Angulo
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José Manuel Palao
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Health, Exercise and Sport Management, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53144, USA
| | - José María Giménez-Egido
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Enrique Ortega-Toro
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (J.M.G.-E.)
- Sport Performance Analysis Association, 30720 Murcia, Spain;
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Coutinho D, Gonçalves B, Santos S, Travassos B, Schöllhorn W, Sampaio J. The effects of individual and collective variability on youth players' movement behaviours during football small-sided games. Res Sports Med 2023; 31:756-771. [PMID: 35200082 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2042293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the effects of playing with additional individual (IND), collective (COL) or individual-collective (MIX) variability on youth football players' performance during small-sided games. Twelve youth football players (U17, age = 16.1 ± 0.9 years) played a goalkeeper (Gk) + 6 outfield players a-side (Gk+6vs6+Gk) under four conditions: (i) playing in the 1:2:3:1 formation without any other rule (control condition, CTR); (ii) 1:2:3:1 formation with additional body restrictions changing each minute (individual condition, IND); (iii) using different tactical formations modified each minute (collective condition, COL; (iv) using different tactical formations and body restrictions varied each minute (individual-collective condition, MIX). Generally, there were similar behaviours across conditions, especially for the CTR and the MIX. Nevertheless, the CTR condition presented moderate higher values in the lateral direction (p ≤ .05), while also higher longitudinal synchronization compared to the IND (p ≤ .05). The COL condition presented higher spatial exploration (p ≤ .05), which may justify the higher values for distance covered while running and sprinting (p ≤ .05). Overall, coaches may use the IND condition to refine players' technical actions, while the COL condition to develop players' ability to perform in different playing positions and team structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Coutinho
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
- University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal
| | - Bruno Gonçalves
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Portuguese Football Federation, Portugal Football School, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Santos
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bruno Travassos
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
- University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal
| | - Wolfgang Schöllhorn
- Institute for Training and Movement Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jaime Sampaio
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
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Abreu CDO, Morales JCP, Greco PJ, Praça GM. Training defensive high-press in soccer: physical and physiological responses to different small-sided games played by youth athletes. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2023.2198298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Juan Greco
- Sports Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Custódio IJO, Dos Santos R, de Oliveira Ildefonso R, Andrade A, Diniz R, Peixoto G, Bredt S, Praça GM, Chagas MH. Effect of Small-Sided Games with and without the Offside Rule on Young Soccer Players: Reliability of Physiological Demands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10544. [PMID: 36078260 PMCID: PMC9518382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the physiological demand between three vs. three small-sided games (SSGs) with (3vs.3WITH) and without (3vs.3WITHOUT) the offside rule, as well as the within- and between-session reliability of this demand. Twenty-four U-17 soccer athletes performed various three vs. three (plus goalkeepers) SSGs with and without the offside rule. The data collection was performed within an eight-week period. Athletes' heart rate was monitored during the SSG. The variables analyzed were the percentage mean heart rate (HRMEAN%) and the percentage peak heart rate (HRPEAK%). For the analysis of within-session reliability, the mean value of the first two and last two SSG bouts performed within one day were used. The between-session reliability was calculated using the mean value of the four SSG bouts of each SSG type performed on two different days. In both SSGs, the values for reliability were significant and were classified as moderate to excellent. There were no significant differences in the physiological demand among SSG types. We concluded that the offside rule does not influence the physiological demand in a three vs. three SSG and the HRMEAN% and HRPEAK% present moderate to excellent reliability in a three vs. three SSG with and without the offside rule.
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Sun H, Soh KG, Mohammadi A, Wang X, Bin Z, Zhao Z. Effects of mental fatigue on technical performance in soccer players: A systematic review with a meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:922630. [PMID: 35937235 PMCID: PMC9354787 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.922630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMental fatigue largely influences technical performance in soccer, including offensive and defensive skills. However, these effects on technical performance among the soccer players have not yet been aggregated to be assessed systematically.ObjectiveThe purpose of the review was to evaluate the impact of mental fatigue on soccer players' overall technical skills.MethodsDrawing on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost (CENTRAL and SPORTDicus), an in-depth search was conducted. PICOS established the eligibility criteria to select the studies as follows: (i) population—healthy soccer players; (ii) intervention—involving any mental-fatigue-prompted protocol; (iii) comparison—control conditions (active or passive without inducing mental fatigue); (iv) outcomes—technical performance (offensive and defensive skill); and (v) study design—randomized controlled trials.ResultsA total of eight studies were qualified for inclusion in the systematic literature review. Overall, the results indicate that mental fatigue had significant effects on technical skills, including offensive and defensive skills. Specifically, there were significant effects on errors (ES = 0.977; p < 0.001), number of tackles (ES = −0.739; p = 0.005), and the percentage of successful tackles (ES = −0.628; p = 0.022), while there were no significant effects on the number of passes (ES = 0.240; p = 0.328), the percentage of accurate passing (ES = −0.008; p = 0.985), and the number of successful passes (ES = −0.322; p = 0.217).ConclusionOverall, a significant effect of mental fatigue on the technical performance (e.g., tackles and errors) of soccer players was detected, while no significant effects on passing skills were detected. Future studies may consider investigating technical performance together with other important results (e.g., decision-making skills or internal load).Systematic Review Registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-2-0008/, Inplasy protocol 202220008.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- School of Physical Education Institute (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alireza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Business Management, City University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xuanji Wang
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zuchang Bin
- Faculty of Education, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- School of Physical Education Institute (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zijian Zhao
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Praça GM, Andrade AGP, Bredt SDGT, Moura FA, Moreira PED. Progression to the target vs. regular rules in Soccer small-sided Games. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2021; 6:66-71. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1869811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gibson Moreira Praça
- Departamento de Esportes, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Felipe Arruda Moura
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, BrazilDepartamento de Ciências do Esporte, , Londrina, Brazil
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Praça GM, Chagas MH, Bredt SGT, Andrade AGP, Custódio IJO, Rochael M. The influence of the offside rule on players’ positional dynamics in soccer small-sided games. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2020; 5:144-149. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2020.1819559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Heleno Chagas
- Sports Department, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcelo Rochael
- Sports Department, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Relationships between Players’ Physical Performance and Small-Sided Game External Responses in a Youth Soccer Training Context. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was twofold: 1) To compare players’ physical performance and small-sided game (SSG) external responses among three young soccer age categories (i.e., under 14 (U14), under 16 (U16), and under 18 (U18)); and 2) to examine their relationships among physical performance and SSG external responses in each age category. Players’ physical performance was evaluated via several tests and external responses were collected during a four vs. four plus goalkeepers SSG. Main results showed that while older players presented better linear straight sprinting tests (LSSTs) (U18 and U16 vs. U14, p < 0.01), repeated sprint ability (RSA) (U18 vs. U16 and U14 p < 0.01), and change of direction ability (CODA) (U18 and U16 vs. U14, p < 0.01, ES = 2.34−2.72) performances, these differences were not consistent with their SSG external responses (U16 vs. U14, p < 0.01; U18 vs. U16, p < 0.01). Conversely, higher number of associations between players’ physical performance and SSG external responses were found in younger players in comparison to the older ones. These results suggest that while greater physical performance in younger players (i.e., U14) could allow them to exhibit higher external responses, greater physical performance did not influence older players’ (i.e., U18) SSG external responses.
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