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Glanzner WG, Rissi VB, Bordignon V. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Pigs. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2647:197-210. [PMID: 37041336 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3064-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been successfully applied to clone animals of several species. Pigs are one of the main livestock species for food production and are also important for biomedical research due to their physiopathological similarities with humans. In the past 20 years, clones of several swine breeds have been produced for a variety of purposes, including biomedical and agricultural applications. In this chapter, we describe a protocol to produce cloned pigs by SCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner G Glanzner
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Vitor B Rissi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
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Damasceno Teixeira TV, Fry RC, McKinnon A, Fry KL, Kelly JM, Verma PJ, Burden C, Salamone DF, Gambini A. Targeting epigenetic nuclear reprogramming in aggregated cloned equine embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1885-1893. [PMID: 31581975 DOI: 10.1071/rd19239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic perturbations during the reprogramming process have been described as the primary cause of the low efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In this study, we tested three strategies targeting nuclear reprogramming to investigate effects on equine SCNT. First, we evaluated the effect of treating somatic cells with chetomin, a fungal secondary metabolite reported to inhibit the trimethylation on histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9 me3). Second, caffeine was added to the culture medium during the enucleation of oocytes and before activation of reconstructed embryos as a protein phosphatase inhibitor to improve nuclear reprogramming. Third, we tested the effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) added during both activation and early embryo culture. Although none of these treatments significantly improved the developmental rates of the invitro aggregated cloned equine embryos, the first equine cloned foal born in Australia was produced with somatic cells treated with chetomin. The present study describes the use of chetomin, caffeine and TSA for the first time in horses, serving as a starting point for the establishment of future protocols to target epigenetic reprogramming for improving the efficiency of equine cloning. Cloning is an expensive and inefficient process, but has gained particular interest in the equine industry. In this study we explored different strategies to improve cloning efficiency and produced the first cloned foal born in Australia. Our data serve as a starting point for the establishment of future protocols for improving equine cloning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago V Damasceno Teixeira
- Laboratory of Animal and Meat Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard C Fry
- Laboratory of Animal and Meat Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Angus McKinnon
- Goulburn Valley Equine Hospital, 905 Goulburn Valley Highway, Congupna, Victoria 3633, Australia
| | - Kerri L Fry
- Laboratory of Animal and Meat Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Kelly
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Turretfield Research Centre, Holland Road, Rosedale, 5350, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul J Verma
- South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Turretfield Research Centre, Holland Road, Rosedale, 5350, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chelsie Burden
- Goulburn Valley Equine Hospital, 905 Goulburn Valley Highway, Congupna, Victoria 3633, Australia
| | - Daniel F Salamone
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Gambini
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Corresponding author.
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Gambini A, Duque Rodríguez M, Rodríguez MB, Briski O, Flores Bragulat AP, Demergassi N, Losinno L, Salamone DF. Horse ooplasm supports in vitro preimplantation development of zebra ICSI and SCNT embryos without compromising YAP1 and SOX2 expression pattern. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238948. [PMID: 32915925 PMCID: PMC7485800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several equids have gone extinct and many extant equids are currently considered vulnerable to critically endangered. This work aimed to evaluate whether domestic horse oocytes support preimplantation development of zebra embryos obtained by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, zebroid) and cloning, and to study the Hippo signaling pathway during the lineage specification of trophectoderm cells and inner cell mass cells. We first showed that zebra and horse sperm cells induce porcine oocyte activation and recruit maternal SMARCA4 during pronuclear formation. SMARCA4 recruitment showed to be independent of the genetic background of the injected sperm. No differences were found in blastocyst rate of ICSI hybrid (zebra spermatozoon into horse egg) embryos relative to the homospecific horse control group. Interestingly, zebra cloned blastocyst rate was significantly higher at day 8. Moreover, most ICSI and cloned horse and zebra blastocysts showed a similar expression pattern of SOX2 and nuclear YAP1 with the majority of the nuclei positive for YAP1, and most SOX2+ nuclei negative for YAP1. Here we demonstrated that horse oocytes support zebra preimplantation development of both, ICSI and cloned embryos, without compromising development to blastocyst, blastocyst cell number neither the expression of SOX2 and YAP1. Our results support the use of domestic horse oocytes as a model to study in vitro zebra embryos on behalf of preservation of valuable genetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Gambini
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Producción Equina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Matteo Duque Rodríguez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Rodríguez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Olinda Briski
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana P. Flores Bragulat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Cátedra de Producción Equina, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río IV, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Luis Losinno
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Cátedra de Producción Equina, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río IV, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daniel F. Salamone
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lopukhov AV, Singina GN, Zinovieva NA. Biotechnological bases of the development of cloned pig embryos. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2019. [DOI: 10.18699/vj19.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The term ‘clone’ in animal biotechnology refers to an organism derived from non-sexual reproduction, which is both a direct offspring and a genetic copy of the parent organism. To date, the pig appears to be the most interesting object in cloning research. Somatic cell nuclear transfer in pigs has a wide range of potential applications in various fields of human scientific and economic activities. However, the efficiency of producing cloned embryos in swine is still lower than that of other livestock species, in particular horses and cattle. Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technically complex multi-stage technology, at each stage of which the pig oocytes, which are more susceptible to changes of surrounding conditions, are affected by various factors (mechanical, physical, chemical). At the stage of oocyte maturation, changes in the cell ultrastructures of the ooplasm occur, which play an important role in the subsequent nuclear reprogramming of the transferred donor cell. Before transfer to the oocyte donor somatic cells are synchronized in the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle to ensure the normal ploidy of the cloned embryo. When removing the nucleus of pig oocytes maturated in vitro, it is necessary to pay attention to the problem of preserving the viability of cells, which were devoid of their own nuclear material. To perform the reconstruction, a somatic cell is placed, using micro-tools, in the perivitelline space, where the first polar body was previously located, or in the cytoplasm of an enucleated oocyte. The method of manual cloning involves the removal of the oocyte nucleus with subsequent fusion with the donor cell without the use of micromanipulation techniques. The increased sensitivity of oocytes to the environmental conditions causes special requirements for the choice of the system for in vitro culture of cloned pig embryos. In this work, we have reviewed the modern methods used for the production of cloned embryos and identified the technological issues that prevent improving the efficiency of somatic cloning of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Lopukhov
- Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst
| | - G. N. Singina
- Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst
| | - N. A. Zinovieva
- Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst
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