Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis, Serum Ferroxidase Activity, and Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Neonatal Jaundice

The association of umbilical cord blood oxidative stress with maternal iron deficiency anemia: A tertiary center experience

OBJECTIVE

To compare the levels of oxidative stress markers in the umbilical cord blood between pregnant women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and low-risk controls.

METHODS

The sample consisted of 131 patients, including 55 pregnant women with IDA and 76 controls with similar demographic characteristics. Participants were selected from patients delivered at ≥37 weeks. We compared the two groups in terms of the native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels measured in pregnant women's umbilical cord venous blood.

RESULTS

The native thiol and total thiol values were statistically significantly lower in the anemia group, and the disulfide and IMA values were statistically significantly higher in the IDA group (P < 0.001). Perinatal outcomes were similar between the groups.

CONCLUSION

In the present study, pregnant women with IDA had lower native and total thiol values and higher disulfide and IMA values in umbilical cord blood. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy may be a potential cause of increased oxidative stress.

Ischemic-Modified Albumin in Neonates with Congenital Heart Defects

OBJECTIVES

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a new biochemical marker of ischemia. We aimed to search blood IMA levels in neonates with congenital heart defects.

STUDY DESIGN

During the study period, patients diagnosed with congenital heart disease and newborns with a diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia as a control group were included in the study. IMA level was analyzed using the IMA absorbance unit (ABSU) method.

RESULTS

In total, 57 newborns with congenital heart disease requiring cardiac operation for the study group and 38 newborns for the control group were included. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of gender, mode of delivery, and weeks of gestation. The average IMA values in the control group were 0.19 ± 0.09 ABSU. The prepostoperative mean IMA values of the patient group were 0.22 ± 0.07 and 0.23 ± 0.07 ABSU, respectively. Comparison of the postoperative IMA with the mean of the control group was statistically significant. Preoperative and postoperative IMA values of patients who have died due to primary heart disease and surgical complications were 0.21 ± 0.07 (0.08-0.32) ABSU and 0.25 ± 0.06 (0.12-0.36) ABSU, respectively. IMA levels were not statistically different between the two groups.

CONCLUSION

Hypoxia and ischemia in congenital heart disease in the newborn period both preoperatively and postoperatively were important in prognosis. IMA was higher in the postoperative group. Many comprehensive studies are important in terms of preventing complications and decreasing mortality and morbidity by commenting on prognosis.

KEY POINTS

· IMA is a new biochemical marker of ischemia.. · In the literature, there are no reports about the relation between congenital heart defects and IM.. · The exposure of CHD patients to hypoxia/asphyxia in the preintra and postoperative periods cause neurologic deficits.

Comparing the effect of kangaroo mother care and field massage on serum bilirubin level of term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia under phototherapy in the neonatal ward

Background:

Several factors contribute to the effectiveness of phototherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of kangaroo mother care (KMC) and field massage on bilirubin level of term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia under phototherapy in the neonatal ward.

Methods:

This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 90 term neonates aged 48 hours with hyperbilirubinemia, hospitalized in Fereydunkenar Hospital during 2018-2019. The infants were randomly divided into 3 groups of massage with phototherapy, KMC with phototherapy and control (received conventional phototherapy without KMC and massage). The massage group used field technique for three 15-minutes in 3 days and the KMC group received KMC for five 30 minutes in 3 days as well. In three groups, the serum bilirubin levels were compared at baseline, 24, 48, 72 hours after the onset and at the end of phototherapy. Moreover, the mean duration of phototherapy and hospitalization was compared during the treatment.

Results:

Serum bilirubin levels at baseline in the control, field massage and KMC groups were (17±1.38, 17.01±1.46 and 16.97±1.27mg/dl) and at the end of phototherapy were (6.97±0.47, 5.56±0.48 and 5.91±0.52 mg/dl) respectively. There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (p<0.001). The mean duration of phototherapy and hospitalization had no significant difference between two intervention groups (p>0.001), but it was significantly higher in control group than intervention groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

The use of massage or KMC with phototherapy, compared to the phototherapy alone, can reduce the bilirubin level, phototherapy duration and hospital stay.

Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis, Serum Ferroxidase Activity, and Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Childhood Iron Deficiency Anemia

Aim: The aim is to compare the markers of oxidative stress in iron deficient children to that of non-anemic children. Method: Serum thiol-disulfide level, ferroxidase activity and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were compared between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and non-anemic children. Results: A total of 117 children, 66 with IDA and 51 non-anemic children were included in the study. Disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, and disulfide/total thiol levels were significantly higher in the IDA group (p: 0.001). Serum ferroxidase levels were significantly lower in the IDA group (p: 0.04); but there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding serum IMA levels (p: 0.42). There was a weak negative correlation between disulfide and serum hemoglobin (p: 0.004), iron (p: 0.041), and ferritin (p: 0.023) levels while there was a weak positive correlation between ferroxidase activity and these parameters. Conclusion: There is an increased protein oxidation in children with IDA compared with non-anemic controls.