1
|
Seneff S, Kyriakopoulos AM, Nigh G. Is autism a PIN1 deficiency syndrome? A proposed etiological role for glyphosate. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38808598 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder, the prevalence of which has increased dramatically in the United States over the past two decades. It is characterized by stereotyped behaviors and impairments in social interaction and communication. In this paper, we present evidence that autism can be viewed as a PIN1 deficiency syndrome. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-Interacting 1 (PIN1) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, and it has widespread influences in biological organisms. Broadly speaking, PIN1 deficiency is linked to many neurodegenerative diseases, whereas PIN1 over-expression is linked to cancer. Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) strongly inhibits PIN1, and the hormone melatonin inhibits DAPK1. Melatonin deficiency is strongly linked to autism. It has recently been shown that glyphosate exposure to rats inhibits melatonin synthesis as a result of increased glutamate release from glial cells and increased expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glyphosate's inhibition of melatonin leads to a reduction in PIN1 availability in neurons. In this paper, we show that PIN1 deficiency can explain many of the unique morphological features of autism, including increased dendritic spine density, missing or thin corpus callosum, and reduced bone density. We show how PIN1 deficiency disrupts the functioning of powerful high-level signaling molecules, such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and p53. Dysregulation of both of these proteins has been linked to autism. Severe depletion of glutathione in the brain resulting from chronic exposure to oxidative stressors and extracellular glutamate leads to oxidation of the cysteine residue in PIN1, inactivating the protein and further contributing to PIN1 deficiency. Impaired autophagy leads to increased sensitivity of neurons to ferroptosis. It is imperative that further research be conducted to experimentally validate whether the mechanisms described here take place in response to chronic glyphosate exposure and whether this ultimately leads to autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Seneff
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Greg Nigh
- Immersion Health, Portland, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chávez-Reyes J, Gutiérrez-Reyes CD, Hernández-Cuellar E, Marichal-Cancino BA. Neurotoxicity of glyphosate: Focus on molecular mechanisms probably associated with alterations in cognition and behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104381. [PMID: 38311300 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) have been extensively used in agriculture all over the world. Initially, they were considered safe, but rising evidence suggests that these molecules reach the central nervous system producing metabolic, functional, and permanent alterations that impact cognition and behavior. This theoretical and non-systematic review involved searching, integrating, and analyzing preclinical evidence regarding the effects of acute, sub-chronic, and chronic exposure to glyphosate and GBH on cognition, behavior, neural activity, and development in adult and juvenile rodents following perinatal exposition. In addition, this review gathers the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of glyphosate mediating cognitive and behavioral alterations. Furthermore, clinical evidence of the effects of exposition to GBH on human health and its possible link with several neurological disorders was revised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Chávez-Reyes
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | | | | | - Bruno A Marichal-Cancino
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren J, Yu Y, Wang Y, Dong Y, Shen X. Association Between Urinary Glyphosate Exposure and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults from NHANES 2013-2014. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:609-620. [PMID: 38143355 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide with potential neurotoxicity. However, limited epidemical evidence is found in the relationship between glyphosate and cognitive impairment, especially in the cognitive-disrupting sensitive elderly populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association of urinary glyphosate exposure with cognitive impairment in the United State (US) older adults. METHODS Cognitive impairment was determined by the following four tests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) Immediate Recall test (IR), the CERAD Delayed Recall tests (DR), the Animal Fluency (AF) test and the Digit Substitution test (DSST). Survey weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were applied to evaluate and visualize the association between glyphosate and cognitive impairment. RESULTS A total of 465 elderly adults were identified in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 cycle, and among them, 83.87% individuals had detectable urinary levels of glyphosate (0.628 ng/mL in average). After adjusting for the potential covariates, glyphosate was significantly linked to increased DR and AF impairment, and the corresponding ORs were 1.52 (1.01 to 2.30, p = 0.049) and 1.69 (1.11 to 2.59, p = 0.019), respectively. No significant association was identified between glyphosate and IR or DSST impairment. The RCS plot further confirmed the linear and positive relationships between glyphosate and DR and AF impairment. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that exposure to glyphosate might be associated with declined cognitive function in the elderly, and it might be prudent to evaluate cognitive outcomes for aged individuals with glyphosate exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cresto N, Forner-Piquer I, Baig A, Chatterjee M, Perroy J, Goracci J, Marchi N. Pesticides at brain borders: Impact on the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, and neurological risk trajectories. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138251. [PMID: 36878369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are omnipresent, and they pose significant environmental and health risks. Translational studies indicate that acute exposure to high pesticide levels is detrimental, and prolonged contact with low concentrations of pesticides, as single and cocktail, could represent a risk factor for multi-organ pathophysiology, including the brain. Within this research template, we focus on pesticides' impact on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation, physical and immunological borders for the homeostatic control of the central nervous system (CNS) neuronal networks. We examine the evidence supporting a link between pre- and postnatal pesticide exposure, neuroinflammatory responses, and time-depend vulnerability footprints in the brain. Because of the pathological influence of BBB damage and inflammation on neuronal transmission from early development, varying exposures to pesticides could represent a danger, perhaps accelerating adverse neurological trajectories during aging. Refining our understanding of how pesticides influence brain barriers and borders could enable the implementation of pesticide-specific regulatory measures directly relevant to environmental neuroethics, the exposome, and one-health frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Cresto
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabel Forner-Piquer
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Asma Baig
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mousumi Chatterjee
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Nicola Marchi
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim J, Chun BJ, Moon JM, Cho Y. Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of neurotoxicity after glufosinate ammonium poisoning. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:511-519. [PMID: 35164661 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity related to glufosinate ammonium is known to occur after a latent period of 4-60 hr following ingestion of this herbicide. However, neurotoxicity is difficult to predict in the emergency department (ED) and only a few parameters are known to be useful to indicate development of neurotoxicity. Determination of a systemic inflammation parameter such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), is a rapid and simple method which was found to be a prognostic marker in various clinical conditions such as sepsis, cardiac disorders, stroke, and cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the NLR might predict neurotoxicity and be used at ED to detect neurotoxicity induced following glufosinate ammonium poisoning in admitted patients. This retrospective observational study collected data from consecutive patients diagnosed with acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning between January 2005 and December 2020. The primary outcome was development of neurotoxicity following acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning. Out of the 72 patients selected 44 patients (61.1%) exhibited neurotoxic symptoms. Neurotoxicity appeared with an approximate latent period of 12 hr. The NLR was significantly higher in the group displaying neurotoxicity. Multivariable analysis showed that the NLR was significant in predicting neurotoxicity. The NLR was independently associated with neurotoxicity initiated by glufosinate ammonium. Therefore, the use of the NLR might help clinically to readily and rapidly predict development of neurotoxicity associated with glufosinate ammonium at the ED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joochan Kim
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jo Chun
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Mi Moon
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Cho
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Costas-Ferreira C, Durán R, Faro LRF. Toxic Effects of Glyphosate on the Nervous System: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4605. [PMID: 35562999 PMCID: PMC9101768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate, a non-selective systemic biocide with broad-spectrum activity, is the most widely used herbicide in the world. It can persist in the environment for days or months, and its intensive and large-scale use can constitute a major environmental and health problem. In this systematic review, we investigate the current state of our knowledge related to the effects of this pesticide on the nervous system of various animal species and humans. The information provided indicates that exposure to glyphosate or its commercial formulations induces several neurotoxic effects. It has been shown that exposure to this pesticide during the early stages of life can seriously affect normal cell development by deregulating some of the signaling pathways involved in this process, leading to alterations in differentiation, neuronal growth, and myelination. Glyphosate also seems to exert a significant toxic effect on neurotransmission and to induce oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, processes that lead to neuronal death due to autophagy, necrosis, or apoptosis, as well as the appearance of behavioral and motor disorders. The doses of glyphosate that produce these neurotoxic effects vary widely but are lower than the limits set by regulatory agencies. Although there are important discrepancies between the analyzed findings, it is unequivocal that exposure to glyphosate produces important alterations in the structure and function of the nervous system of humans, rodents, fish, and invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lilian R. F. Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (C.C.-F.); (R.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prediction Model of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients with Acute Pesticide Poisoning by Intentional Ingestion: Prediction of Respiratory Failure in Pesticide Intoxication (PREP) Scores in Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11041048. [PMID: 35207319 PMCID: PMC8875988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11041048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory failure is the primary cause of mortality in patients with acute pesticide poisoning. The aim of the present study was to develop a new and efficient score system for predicting acute respiratory failure in patients with acute pesticide poisoning. This study was a retrospective observational cohort study comprised of 679 patients with acute pesticide poisoning by intentional poisoning. We divided this population into a ratio of 3:1; training set (n = 509) and test set (n = 170) for model development and validation. Multivariable logistic regression models were used in developing a score-based prediction model. The Prediction of Respiratory failure in Pesticide intoxication (PREP) scoring system included a summation of the integer scores of the following five variables; age, pesticide category, amount of ingestion, Glasgow Coma Scale, and arterial pH. The PREP scoring system developed accurately predicted respiratory failure (AUC 0.911 [0.849−0.974], positive predictive value 0.773, accuracy 0.873 in test set). We came up with four risk categories (A, B, C and D) using PREP scores 20, 40 and 60 as the cut-off for mechanical ventilation requirement risk. The PREP scoring system developed in the present study could predict respiratory failure in patients with pesticide poisoning, which can be easily implemented in clinical situations. Further prospective studies are needed to validate the PREP scoring system.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cattani D, Struyf N, Steffensen V, Bergquist J, Zamoner A, Brittebo E, Andersson M. Perinatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide causes dysregulation of dynorphins and an increase of neural precursor cells in the brain of adult male rats. Toxicology 2021; 461:152922. [PMID: 34474092 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, has been suggested to induce neurotoxicity and behavioral changes in rats after developmental exposure. Studies of human glyphosate intoxication have reported adverse effects on the nervous system, particularly in substantia nigra (SN). Here we used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to study persistent changes in peptide expression in the SN of 90-day-old adult male Wistar rats. The animals were perinatally exposed to 3 % GBH (glyphosate-based herbicide) in drinking water (corresponding to 0.36 % of glyphosate) starting at gestational day 5 and continued up to postnatal day 15 (PND15). Peptides are present in the central nervous system before birth and play a critical role in the development and survival of neurons, therefore, observed neuropeptide changes could provide better understanding of the GBH-induced long term effects on SN. The results revealed 188 significantly altered mass peaks in SN of animals perinatally exposed to GBH. A significant reduction of the peak intensity (P < 0.05) of several peptides from the opioid-related dynorphin family such as dynorphin B (57 %), alpha-neoendorphin (50 %), and its endogenous metabolite des-tyrosine alpha-neoendorphin (39 %) was detected in the GBH group. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed a decreased dynorphin expression and showed a reduction of the total area of dynorphin immunoreactive fibers in the SN of the GBH group. In addition, a small reduction of dynorphin immunoreactivity associated with non-neuronal cells was seen in the hilus of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Perinatal exposure to GBH also induced an increase in the number of nestin-positive cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. In conclusion, the results demonstrate long-term changes in the adult male rat SN and hippocampus following a perinatal GBH exposure suggesting that this glyphosate-based formulation may perturb critical neurodevelopmental processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Cattani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-970, Brazil.
| | - Nona Struyf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vivien Steffensen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Box 559, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ariane Zamoner
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Eva Brittebo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Andersson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, 75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heizmann CW. S100 proteins: Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in laboratory medicine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1197-1206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
10
|
Lee J, Lee Y, Kim YS, Choi JG, Go TH, Kim H, Cha YS. Serum ammonia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with glufosinate poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1007-1013. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119855124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The mortality rate associated with human glufosinate poisoning is high. We evaluated the usefulness of serum ammonia and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores for early prediction of in-hospital mortality in glufosinate ammonium poisoning. Methods: A prospectively collected pesticide poisoning registry at a single academic medical center was retrospectively analyzed. Data were collected from consecutive patients diagnosed with glufosinate ammonium poisoning between May 2007 and February 2018. The initial serum ammonia level was defined as the highest serum ammonia level measured within 12 h after emergency department (ED) arrival. The SOFA and APACHE II scores were calculated using data obtained within the first 12 h after ED arrival. The patients were divided into survivor and nonsurvivor groups by in-hospital death status. Results: In total, 110 patients were included. Ten patients (9.1%) died in the hospital despite treatment. Median initial serum ammonia level was significantly higher in the nonsurvivor group than in the survivor group (219 (range: 158–792) versus 100.5 (range: 25–317) µg/dL, p < 0.001). Median SOFA and APACHE II scores in the survivor and nonsurvivor groups were 2 (range: 0–10) versus 5 (range: 1–8) ( p = 0.044) and 7 (range: 0–28) versus 16 (range: 8–22) ( p = 0.001), respectively. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the initial serum ammonia level was the only independent predictor (cutoff value: 151 µg/dL). Conclusion: An initial serum ammonia level >151 µg/dL was an independent early predictor of in-hospital mortality in glufosinate ammonium poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - JG Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - TH Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Cha
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liang KG, Mu RZ, Liu Y, Jiang D, Jia TT, Huang YJ. Increased Serum S100B Levels in Patients With Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:456. [PMID: 31156363 PMCID: PMC6532535 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: Accumulating evidence suggests that serum levels of S100B may play a role in epilepsy. Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively summarize the serum S100B data available for patients with epilepsy. Data source: Two independent researchers conducted a systematic investigation of the Harvard Hollis+, Open Gray, Clinicaltrials, Wanfangdata, and CNKI databases through Dec 6, 2018, for all studies published in English and Chinese. The search terms included S100B and calcium-binding protein B in combination with epilepsy. Study selection: Original studies and reported data from these search terms are included. Studies where data overlapped with other studies were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis: investigators extracted, pooled and analyzed data from the included studies using a fixed-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis3.3 and R software. Main outcomes and measures: Peripheral blood levels of S100B in patients with epilepsy compared with controls. Aberrations in peripheral blood levels of S100B were hypothesized to be related to epilepsy. Results: a fixed-effects meta-analysis of all 18 studies, including 1,057 unique participants, indicated that patients with epilepsy had significantly increased peripheral blood levels of S100B compared to controls (Hedges g = 1.568, 95% CI =1.431-1.706, P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed that no single study significantly influenced the overall association of peripheral blood levels of S100B and epilepsy. Most of the subgroup analyses, including those of country, assay type and publication language, demonstrated a statistically significant association between peripheral blood levels of S100B and epilepsy. Meta-regression analyses indicated that gender (regression coefficient [SE], -0.2524 [0.0641]; 95%CI, -0.3781 to -0.1267; P = 0.0001) and mean age (regression coefficient [SE], -0.1224 [0.0426]; 95% CI, -0.2058 to -0.0390; P = 0.0040) might present serum S100B reductions, but sample size, years, assay type, publication language and country did not show moderating effects on the effect sizes. Furthermore, the trim-and-fill method used to adjust for funnel plot asymmetry in our meta-analysis confirmed that a positive outcome is unlikely to be due to publication bias. Conclusion and relevance: the results of this meta-analysis provide evidence for a significant increase in serum S100B levels in patients with epilepsy. Serum S100B is the most worthwhile biomarker of epilepsy, which is helpful for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ge Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Zheng Mu
- College of Equipment Management and UAV Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Jarud Banner Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Tongliao, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Jia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Jiang Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martinez A, Al-Ahmad AJ. Effects of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid on an isogeneic model of the human blood-brain barrier. Toxicol Lett 2019; 304:39-49. [PMID: 30605748 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a pesticide used for occupational and non-occupational purposes. Because glyphosate targets a metabolic pathway absent in animals, it is considered safe for humans. Yet, case reports of accidental exposure to concentrated solutions following self-inflicted poisoning documented neurological lesions suggesting a neurotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effect of acute exposure to glyphosate (GPH) on the blood-brain barrier in vitro based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and compared to two chemical analogs: aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and glycine (GLY), for concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 1000 μM. GPH treatment (1 and 10 μM) for 24 h showed an increase BBB permeability to fluorescein, with similar outcomes for AMPA. In addition to its ability to disrupt the barrier function, GPH show evidence of permeability across the BBB. Although no detrimental effects were observed on neuron differentiation at high doses, we noted changes in neuronal cell metabolic activity and glucose uptake in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) following treatment with 100 μM GPH or AMPA. Taken together, our data indicates that accidental exposure to high level of GPH may result in neurological damage via an opening of the blood-brain barrier and an alteration of glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Abraham Jacob Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cattani D, Cesconetto PA, Tavares MK, Parisotto EB, De Oliveira PA, Rieg CEH, Leite MC, Prediger RDS, Wendt NC, Razzera G, Filho DW, Zamoner A. Developmental exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide and depressive-like behavior in adult offspring: Implication of glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Toxicology 2017; 387:67-80. [PMID: 28627408 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that maternal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) leads to glutamate excitotoxicity in 15-day-old rat hippocampus. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of subchronic exposure to GBH on some neurochemical and behavioral parameters in immature and adult offspring. Rats were exposed to 1% GBH in drinking water (corresponding to 0.36% of glyphosate) from gestational day 5 until postnatal day (PND)-15 or PND60. Results showed that GBH exposure during both prenatal and postnatal periods causes oxidative stress, affects cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in offspring hippocampus from immature and adult rats. The subchronic exposure to the pesticide decreased L-[14C]-glutamate uptake and increased 45Ca2+ influx in 60-day-old rat hippocampus, suggesting a persistent glutamate excitotoxicity from developmental period (PND15) to adulthood (PND60). Moreover, GBH exposure alters the serum levels of the astrocytic protein S100B. The effects of GBH exposure were associated with oxidative stress and depressive-like behavior in offspring on PND60, as demonstrated by the prolonged immobility time and decreased time of climbing observed in forced swimming test. The mechanisms underlying the GBH-induced neurotoxicity involve the NMDA receptor activation, impairment of cholinergic transmission, astrocyte dysfunction, ERK1/2 overactivation, decreased p65 NF-κB phosphorylation, which are associated with oxidative stress and glutamate excitotoxicity. These neurochemical events may contribute, at least in part, to the depressive-like behavior observed in adult offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Cattani
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Acordi Cesconetto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mauren Kruger Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alexandre De Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Carla Elise Heinz Rieg
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marina Concli Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Schröder Prediger
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nestor Cubas Wendt
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Razzera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Danilo Wilhelm Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ariane Zamoner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|