1
|
Särkilahti N, Hirvonen M, Lavapuro J, Takatalo J, Löyttyniemi E, Tenovuo O. Sensorimotor tests in patients with neck pain and its associated disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12764. [PMID: 38834665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence regarding neck sensorimotor testing in individuals with neck pain, assess the differences between neck pain groups and healthy controls, and recognize factors that might affect test results. We performed the data search using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. We used a two-step screening process to identify studies. Furthermore, we screened the reference lists for additional studies. Hedges g was used to present the difference between neck pain groups and asymptomatic individuals. We assessed the quality of the studies using the QUADAS tool. The final review included 34 studies, of which 25 were related to the joint position error test, four to the smooth pursuit neck torsion test and six to the balance test. Our meta-analysis showed poorer joint-position sense, oculomotor function, and wider postural sway in individuals with neck pain than healthy controls. The size of the difference between the groups seemed to be influenced by the intensity of the pain and the presence of dizziness. Therefore, it might be helpful in future studies to differentiate patients with neck pain into subgroups based on their symptom and demographic profiles to assess other factors that significantly affect cervical sensorimotor control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Särkilahti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Milka Hirvonen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Joona Lavapuro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Takatalo
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Loisto Terveys, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- The Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Tenovuo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Demircan EN, Köse N, Çakmaklı GY, Aksoy S, Göçmen R, Zengin HY, Elibol B. Do cervical stabilization exercises change the effects of conventional exercises in patients with Parkinson's disease? Neurol Res 2023; 45:936-946. [PMID: 37608568 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2249699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether cervical stabilization exercises (CSEs) change the effects of conventional exercises (CEs) in patients with PD. METHODS Twenty-five patients with PD were randomized into two groups. While the experimental group (EG) received CSEs in addition to CEs, the control group (CG) received only CEs. Both programs lasted 8 weeks. Eighteen participants were able to complete the study. The outcomes were the changes in posture, cervical joint position sense (JPS), balance assessment, 10-m walking tests (10MWT), and the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test. RESULTS At the end of the study, significant improvement was observed in both groups in terms of trunk rotation angle and pelvic asymmetry, the time parameter of TUG, and the 10MWT (p < 0.05). In the EG, greater improvement was detected in the Berg Balance Scale, static posturography, postural alignment, JPS, and the cadence parameter of TUG (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION CEs and CSEs could improve walking speed and posture in patients with PD, but if CSEs are added to CEs, greater improvements could be achieved in JPS and postural control.(Clinical Trials ID: NCT03854747).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Nur Demircan
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nezire Köse
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gül Yalçın Çakmaklı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Songül Aksoy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahşan Göçmen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yağmur Zengin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Elibol
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rodrigues A, Bevilaqua-Grossi D, Florencio LL, Pinheiro CF, Dach F, Bigal M, Carvalho GF. Balance alterations are associated with neck pain and neck muscle endurance in migraine. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2023; 66:102811. [PMID: 37357054 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine patients may present with both cervical and balance dysfunctions. The neck plays an important role in balance by providing substantial proprioceptive input, which is integrated in the central nervous system and influences the balance control systems. Whether balance and neck dysfunctions are associated in patients with migraine is still to be explored. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the association between the sensory organization test of balance with neck pain features, cervical strength, endurance, and range of motion in patients with migraine. METHODS Sixty-five patients with migraine underwent the sensory organization test assessed with the Equitest-Neurocom® device. Maximum voluntary isometric contraction, cervical flexion and extension range of motion, and cervical flexor and extensor endurance were assessed. In addition, the features of migraine and neck pain were collected. Patients were dichotomized according to cut-off scores of balance performance and the association between outcomes were explored. RESULTS Patients with reduced balance performance presented a higher frequency of migraine (p = 0.035), a higher frequency of aura (p = 0.002), greater neck pain intensity (p = 0.013), and decreased endurance of cervical flexors (p = 0.010) and extensors (p < 0.0001). The total balance score was correlated with age (r = -0.33; p = 0.007), migraine frequency (r = -0.29; p = 0.021), neck pain intensity (r = -0.26; p = 0.038), and endurance of the cervical flexors (r = 0.39; p = 0.001) and extensors (r = 0.36; p = 0.001). Migraine frequency, neck pain intensity, and endurance of the cervical flexors can predict 21% of the sensory organization test variability. CONCLUSION Neck pain features and endurance of the cervical muscles are related to reduced balance performance in patients with migraine. These results shed light to a better understanding of balance alterations in migraine patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rodrigues
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Débora Bevilaqua-Grossi
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lidiane Lima Florencio
- Department of Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carina Ferreira Pinheiro
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Dach
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Gabriela Ferreira Carvalho
- Institut für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Studiengang Physiotherapie, Pain and Exercise Research Luebeck (P.E.R.L), Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Serra-Añó P, Venegas W, Page A, Inglés de la Torre M, Aguilar-Rodríguez M, Espí-López G. Immediate Effects of a Single Session of Cervical Spine Manipulation on Cervical Movement Patterns in People With Nonspecific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2023:S0161-4754(23)00026-X. [PMID: 37422751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess the immediate effects of a single session of cervical spine manipulation on cervical movement patterns, disability, and the patient's perceived improvement in people with nonspecific neck pain. METHODS A single-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial was carried out at a biomechanics institute. Fifty participants diagnosed with acute and chronic nonspecific neck pain (minimum duration of the symptoms being 1 month) were randomized to an experimental group (EG, n = 25) or a sham-control group (CG, n = 25, 23 of whom completed the study). EG received a single cervical spine manipulation session; CG received a single placebo intervention. Both groups received manipulation or sham from the same physiotherapist. Main outcome measures were neck kinematics (ie, range of motion and movement harmony) during cyclic movements, self-reported neck disability, and impression of change assessed before and 5 minutes after treatment. RESULTS The EG showed no significant improvements (P > .05) in any of the studied biomechanical variables, except for right-side bending and left rotation, in which we found a range of motion significant mean difference of 1.97° and 1.95°, respectively (P < .05). The CG showed enhanced harmonic motion during flexion (P < .05). Both groups showed a significant decrease in self-reported neck disability after treatment (P < .05), and EG participants perceived a significantly larger improvement after manipulation compared with the CG (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS A single session of cervical manipulation provided by a physiotherapist had no impact on cervical motion during cyclic movements, but rather induced self-reported perceived improvement in neck disability and impression of change after treatment in people with nonspecific neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Serra-Añó
- UBIC, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - William Venegas
- Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alvaro Page
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería Mecánica y Biomecánica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Gemma Espí-López
- UBIC, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baik SM, Kim SH, Lee JH. A scoping review of the different types of exercise programs proposed for the improvement of postural balance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2023; 36:1261-1272. [PMID: 37482978 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-220391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which is the most common type of scoliosis, is a progressive disease that occurs in children aged 10-16 years. Abnormal curvature in AIS provokes spinal asymmetry of the upper body alignment and might deteriorate postural balancing and control ability. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on balance and postural stability in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS Embase, Scopus, Pubmed (Medline) and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms idiopathic scoliosis, physiotherapy, and balance. The articles selected were published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2012 to July 2022. RESULTS Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale values ranged from 2 to 6 (mean, 3.6), indicating a low level of scientific rigor. In the sample studies, spinal stabilization exercises were most often trialed (n= 3), followed by Schroth's exercise (n= 2), stretching and self-elongation exercise (n= 2), the exercise protocol of Blount and Moe, physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise (all n= 1). CONCLUSIONS Physical therapists will be able to apply hippotherapy, Schroth exercise, physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercise, trunk stabilization, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise, spinal stabilization exercise, core stabilization exercise, and body awareness therapy to manage balance impairments in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and further studies are needed to provide stronger evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Baik
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Kangwon-do, Korea
- Applied Kinesiology and Ergonomic Technology Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Kangwon-do, Korea
| | - Seok-Hyun Kim
- Applied Kinesiology and Ergonomic Technology Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Kangwon-do, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Departement of Physical Therapy, Baekseok University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
AYAN KARATAŞ H, KARA B, ERBAYRAKTAR RS. SPATIOTEMPORAL GAIT PARAMETERS, PELVIC MOVEMENTS AND PELVIC SYMMETRY DURING SINGLE AND DUAL TASK IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC IDIOPATHIC NECK PAIN. TÜRK FIZYOTERAPI VE REHABILITASYON DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.21653/tjpr.1019582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Neck pain is associated with gait disturbances. The first aim of this study was to examine spatiotemporal gait parameters, pelvic movements and pelvic symmetry during single and dual task conditions in persons with CINP compared to healthy subjects (HS). The second aim was to investigate the relationship between disability and gait in persons with CINP.Methods: Thirty-one individuals with CINP (mean age 22.06±1.38 years, range 18-56 years) and 24 HS (mean age 22.60±1.51 years, range 18-43 years) participated in the study. CINP group completed Neck Disability Index. All participants performed 10-meter walking test in two conditions: (1) walking with head straight at usual speed, (2) walking with head straight at usual speed while carrying a tray. The BTS G-Walk wearable sensor was used to assess spatiotemporal parameters (speed, cadence, step length), pelvic movements (tilt, obliquity, rotation), and pelvic symmetry. Results: During single task gait, the CINP group had significantly lower walking speed, shorter stride length and worse pelvic tilt symmetry (p<0.05), but pelvic movements did not differ significantly according to the HS (p<0.05). During dual task condition, the CINP group had significantly lower cadence, gait speed and stride length, significantly increased pelvic movements and significantly worse pelvic rotation symmetry compared to HS (p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with CINP had a slower gait, lower stride length, decreased pelvic symmetry and increased pelvic movements compared to HS. Differences in gait and pelvic movements between the two groups were more pronounced during the dual task gait than single task gait.
Collapse
|
7
|
Sensory Interaction Balance and Limits of Stability in Neck Pain: Comparison of Traumatic and Non-traumatic Patients. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1172228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose: A variety of sensory-motor changes are reported in both the traumatic and non-traumatic neck pain. However, it is still unclear whether there is a significant difference between individuals with traumatic neck pain and those with non-traumatic in terms of postural control. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether there was a difference between individuals with traumatic pain and non-traumatic neck pain in terms of postural control and disability.
Methods: Ninety-two patients with chronic neck pain were grouped according to the onset of pain. Clinical test of sensory interaction balance (CTSIB) and limits of stability (LOS) test were used for postural control assessment. The Numeric Rating Scale and Neck Pain Disability Index (NPDI) were used to measure pain intensity and disability, respectively. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare groups.
Results: There were no significant differences between groups in terms of LOS, CTSIB and NPDI scores (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that postural control and disability do not differ between patients with traumatic and non-traumatic neck pain. Therefore, from a clinical perspective, postural control and disability should be evaluated without considering trauma history in patients with neck pain.
Collapse
|
8
|
Özel Aslıyüce Y, Demirel A, Ülger Ö. Investigation of Joint Position Sense and Balance in Individuals With Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2022; 45:188-195. [PMID: 35906105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between joint position sense and static and dynamic balance in female patients with chronic neck pain compared with healthy controls. METHODS The study sample comprised 25 female patients with chronic neck pain and 25 healthy (asymptomatic) female controls. Pain severity with the visual analog scale, joint position sense with the laser pointer method, static balance with the Single-Leg Balance Test, and dynamic balance with the Y Balance Test were assessed. RESULTS The deviation in cervical joint position sense was greater in extension (P < .001), right rotation (P < .001), and left lateral rotation (P < .05) in the patients with chronic neck pain compared with the healthy controls. The results of the patients with chronic neck pain were worse than the healthy controls in the Single-Leg Balance Test with both eyes open (P < .05) and eyes closed (P < .05). The patients with chronic neck pain had worse dynamic balance only in the anterior direction reach of the left leg (P < .05). CONCLUSION Cervical joint position sense and static balance were worse in female patients with chronic idiopathic neck pain when compared with asymptomatic controls. Dynamic balance in all other directions except for the anterior direction was not negatively affected in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Özel Aslıyüce
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aynur Demirel
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Özlem Ülger
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Visual, Vestibular, and Proprioceptive Dependency of the Control of Posture in Chronic Neck Pain Patients. Motor Control 2022; 26:362-377. [PMID: 35349979 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sensory reweighting of postural control was compared in participants with and without neck pain. Center of pressure variables of 60 volunteers, the same in each group, were calculated under four standing conditions: (a) eyes open, neutral head posture; (b) foam interface, eyes open; (c) cervical extension, eyes open; and (d) cervical extension, eyes closed. All center of pressure variables except anterior posterior range/velocity increased significantly in Condition 2 compared with Conditions 1 and 3 (p < .001) and in Condition 4 compared with Conditions 1 and 3. The mediolateral range/velocity and path length in both groups, anterior posterior range in patients, and center of pressure area in the control group were significantly different between Conditions 2 and 4 (p < .001). No overweighting was observed on the vestibular or visual afferents in patients. Compensatory strategies seem to lie within the proprioceptive system.
Collapse
|
10
|
Franov E, Straub M, Bauer CM, Ernst MJ. Head kinematics in patients with neck pain compared to asymptomatic controls: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:156. [PMID: 35172799 PMCID: PMC8848642 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders encountered by healthcare providers. A precise assessment of functional deficits, including sensorimotor control impairment, is regarded necessary for tailored exercise programmes. Sensorimotor control can be measured by kinematic characteristics, such as velocity, acceleration, smoothness, and temporal measures, or by assessing movement accuracy. This systematic review aims to identify movement tasks and distinct outcome variables used to measure kinematics and movement accuracy in patients with neck pain and present their results in comparison to asymptomatic controls. METHODS Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane Library and CINAHL databases from inception to August 2020. Risk of bias of included studies was assessed. Movement tasks and specific outcome parameters used were collated. The level of evidence for potential group differences in each outcome variable between patients with neck pain and controls was evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies examining head kinematics and movement accuracy during head-aiming, functional and unconstrained movement tasks of the head were included. Average Risk of Bias of included studies was moderate. In total, 23 different outcome variables were assessed. A strong level of evidence for an increased movement time and for an increased number of errors during head aiming tasks was found. Moderate evidence was found in traumatic neck pain for a decreased mean velocity, peak acceleration, and reaction time, and for point deviation and time on target during head aiming tasks. Moderate evidence was found for decreased acceleration during unconstrained movements, too. Results on the remaining movement task and outcome variables showed only limited, very limited or even conflicting level of evidence for patients with neck pain to differ from controls. CONCLUSIONS Sensorimotor control in NP in the way of kinematic and movement accuracy characteristics of head motion was examined in head aiming, functional or unconstrained movement tasks. The results from this review indicate that for some characteristics that describe sensorimotor control, patients with NP differ from healthy controls. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020139083.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Franov
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Straub
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Bauer
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Markus J Ernst
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Differential Effects of Perturbation Magnitude on Reactive Balance Control in Young Sedentary Adults. Motor Control 2021; 25:437-450. [PMID: 33883296 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2020-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates postural responses to unexpected perturbations induced by a load release of different weights. Groups of 26 men (age 22.6 ± 2.4 years, height 178.0 ± 9.1 cm, and body mass 86.9 ± 11.5 kg) and 21 women (age 21.9 ± 2.7 years, height 168.8 ± 6.8 cm, and body mass 65.3 ± 8.7 kg) underwent load-triggered postural perturbations by 1 and 2 kg while standing on a force plate with either eyes open or eyes closed. Postural perturbations induced by a heavier load, representing about 2% and 3% of body weight in men and women, respectively, led to significantly higher peak anterior and peak posterior center of pressure displacements when compared with a lighter load (29.6% and 45.4%, respectively) both with eyes open (36.9%) and closed (42.1%). Their values were significantly lower in men than women only when a higher load was used (∼25%). However, there were no significant differences in time to peak anterior and posterior center of pressure displacements. These findings indicate that heavier load-induced postural perturbations are greater in women than men regardless of visual conditions. This underlines the importance of loading dose in the magnitude of postural responses to externally induced perturbations.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mazaheri M, Abichandani D, Kingma I, Treleaven J, Falla D. A meta-analysis and systematic review of changes in joint position sense and static standing balance in patients with whiplash-associated disorder. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249659. [PMID: 33831060 PMCID: PMC8031393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesise and analyse the current evidence regarding changes in joint position sense (JPS) and standing balance in people with whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) taking the presence or absence of dizziness into account. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE and APA PsycINFO were searched by two independent reviewers from inception until August 2020 and reference lists of all included studies were also reviewed. STUDY SELECTION Only cross-sectional studies that measured JPS and/or standing balance between people with WAD vs. healthy controls (HC) or people with WAD complaining of dizziness (WADD) vs. those not complaining of dizziness (WADND) were selected. DATA EXTRACTION Relevant data were extracted using specific checklists and quality assessment was performed using Downs and Black Scale (modified version). DATA SYNTHESIS Twenty-six studies were included. For JPS, data were synthesized for absolute error in the primary plane of movement for separate movement directions. For standing balance, data were synthesized for traditional time- and frequency domain sway parameters considering the conditions of eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) separately. For meta-analysis, reduced JPS was observed in people with WAD compared to HC when the head was repositioned to a neutral head position (NHP) from rotation (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.43 [95%: 0.24-0.62]) and extension (0.33 [95%CI: 0.08-0.58]) or when the head was moved toward 50° rotation from a NHP (0.50 [0.05-0.96]). Similarly, people with WADD had reduced JPS compared to people with WADND when the head was repositioned to a NHP from rotation (0.52 [0.22-0.82]). Larger sway velocity and amplitude was found in people with WAD compared to HC for both EO (0.62 [0.37-0.88] and 0.78 [0.56-0.99], respectively) and EC (0.69 [0.46-0.91] and 0.80 [0.58-1.02]) conditions. CONCLUSION The observed changes of JPS and standing balance confirms deficits in sensorimotor control in people with WAD and especially in those with dizziness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masood Mazaheri
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Deepa Abichandani
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Lecturer in Physiotherapy, Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Idsart Kingma
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Treleaven
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chronic Neck Pain Affects Shoulder Muscle Activity and Postural Control During Functional Reach. J Med Biol Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-020-00591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
14
|
Sittikraipong K, Silsupadol P, Uthaikhup S. Slower reaction and response times and impaired hand-eye coordination in individuals with neck pain. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2020; 50:102273. [PMID: 33069939 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is associated with sensorimotor dysfunction. Research is sparse of the effect of neck pain on reaction and response times and hand-eye coordination. OBJECTIVES To investigate hand and foot reaction and response times and hand-eye coordination in individuals with neck pain and to determine any relationships with clinical features of neck pain. METHODS Sixty individuals with neck pain and 60 controls of similar age and gender were recruited. Tests of simple reaction and response time were measured on the dominant hand and foot. Hand-eye coordination was measured by tracing a variety of coordination patterns with different levels of difficulty. Clinical features measured were intensity and duration of pain, and neck disability. RESULTS Hand and foot reaction and response times were significantly slower in the neck pain group compared to controls (all p < 0.001). The neck pain group took longer to trace the hand-eye coordination task at the hardest level (p = 0.03). Neck disability scores correlated with hand reaction time (r = 0.4, p = 0.005) and time taken in hand-eye coordination tasks (r = 0.2 for all levels, p < 0.05). Reaction and response times were correlated with time taken in the hand-eye coordination test (r = 0.2-0.4, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with neck pain had slower hand and foot reaction and response times and impaired hand-eye coordination, suggesting deficits in sensorimotor function. Training speed, as a function of acuity, and hand-eye coordination might be considered in clinical assessment. Further research is needed to identify potential underlying mechanisms of the slower and less well coordinated movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kawintra Sittikraipong
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, 50200, Thailand
| | - Patima Silsupadol
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sureeporn Uthaikhup
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Puerta de Diego R, Elia Martinez JM, Gallart Úbeda V, Meliá Casado B, Tenias Burillo JM. [Posturographic and oculomotor findings in the first 24 hours after whiplash]. Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2020; 55:89-97. [PMID: 32674926 DOI: 10.1016/j.rh.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Instability is a frequent symptom after whiplash (WL) with alterations in postural control in chronic phases. The main objective of our study was to evaluate if there were objective alterations in postural control in the acute phases after a WL, as well as to determine the presence or absence of oculomotor alterations in early phases. MATERIAL AND METHODS A posturographic study was carried out using the NedSVE/IBV system, as well as an oculomotor assessment, in a sample of 44 patients with WL in the first 24h after the accident. RESULTS More than half of the patients had a global assessment below normal. The predominant sensory pattern was vestibular. The main parameters of the Romberg test (total displacement, swept area, average speed, anteroposterior and mediolateral displacement and anteroposterior force) increased following the sequence Romberg open eyes, Romberg foam rubber open eyes, Romberg closed eyes, and Romberg foam rubber closed eyes. Concerning the comparison with normality and using the reference values of the Institute of Biomechanics of Valencia, the data from the WL patients showed significant differences in all the parameters analysed, except for gait assessment and the mediolateral directional rhythmic control. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that patients in the acute phase of WL have worse postural control than non-injured persons. The results suggest that patients with WL have greater visual dependence. Only a minority of patients had oculomotor abnormalities during early examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - B Meliá Casado
- Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin CC, Hua SH, Lin CL, Cheng CH, Liao JC, Lin CF. Impact of Prolonged Tablet Computer Usage with Head Forward and Neck Flexion Posture on Pain Intensity, Cervical Joint Position Sense and Balance Control in Mechanical Neck Pain Subjects. J Med Biol Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-020-00525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
17
|
de Zoete RMJ, Osmotherly PG, Rivett DA, Snodgrass SJ. Cervical Sensorimotor Control Does Not Change Over Time and Is Not Related to Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain Characteristics: A 6-Month Longitudinal Observational Study. Phys Ther 2020; 100:268-282. [PMID: 32031655 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical sensorimotor control (CSMC) outcomes have been suggested to be important in the assessment of individuals with neck pain, despite the lack of consistent supporting evidence that CSMC skills are related to neck pain. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether CSMC changes over time in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain and whether neck pain characteristics are associated with CSMC. DESIGN A longitudinal observational study was performed. METHODS A total 50 participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain and 50 matched participants who were healthy (controls) completed 7 CSMC tests (including 14 test conditions): joint position error, postural balance, subjective visual vertical, head tilt response, The Fly, smooth pursuit neck torsion, and head steadiness. Neck pain characteristics included pain intensity (visual analog scale), pain duration, and neck disability (Neck Disability Index). Linear mixed models were used to investigate whether any factors were associated with changes in CSMC. RESULTS Neck pain intensity was associated with 1 of 14 CSMC test conditions (balance with torsion and eyes open), and neck disability was associated with balance with eyes open and high-load head steadiness. Other factors, including sex, age, body mass index, physical activity levels, and neck pain duration, showed no association with CSMC. LIMITATIONS Although all other tests involved computerized data collection, the joint position error test was administered manually, introducing the risk of researcher bias. CONCLUSIONS The few associations between test conditions and neck pain characteristics were at best weak; hence, these are likely to be chance findings. These results suggest that CSMC may not be associated with improvement/worsening of chronic idiopathic neck pain, spawning debate on the clinical usefulness of CSMC tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutger M J de Zoete
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; and Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Recovery Following Road Traffic Injuries, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter G Osmotherly
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle; and Hunter Medical Research Institute
| | - Darren A Rivett
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle; and Hunter Medical Research Institute
| | - Suzanne J Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle; and Hunter Medical Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
No Differences Between Individuals With Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain and Asymptomatic Individuals on 7 Cervical Sensorimotor Control Tests: A Cross-sectional Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020; 50:33-43. [PMID: 31892290 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2020.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical sensorimotor outcomes have been suggested to be important in the assessment of individuals with neck pain. However, the large variety of sensorimotor control tests used in varying populations makes it difficult to draw conclusions about their clinical value. We aimed to compare cervical sensorimotor control outcomes between individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain and asymptomatic individuals using a battery of recommended tests, and to investigate the correlation between cervical sensorimotor control outcomes and pain intensity and neck disability. DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS Fifty participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain and 50 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic controls completed 7 cervical sensorimotor control tests: joint position error (including joint position error torsion), postural balance, subjective visual vertical, head-tilt response, "the Fly," smooth pursuit neck torsion, and head steadiness. Between-group differences were investigated with the Mann-Whitney U test. Correlations between tests and levels of neck pain and disability were investigated using the Spearman rho. RESULTS There were no differences in cervical sensorimotor outcomes between participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain and asymptomatic controls for any test (P = .203-.981). For each test, "poor performers" consisted of both individuals with and without neck pain. Correlations were weak between tests and levels of neck pain (r = 0.010-0.294) and neck disability (r = 0.007-0.316). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that sensorimotor control disturbances in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain may not be present, spawning debate on the clinical usefulness of these tests. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(1):33-43. Epub 23 Aug 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.8846.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sremakaew M, Sungkarat S, Treleaven J, Uthaikhup S. Effects of tandem walk and cognitive and motor dual- tasks on gait speed in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain: a preliminary study. Physiother Theory Pract 2019; 37:1210-1216. [PMID: 31671008 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1686794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Gait impairment has been associated with neck pain. It is relevant to understand the possible influence of narrow-based walk and an attention-demanding secondary task on gait performance in neck pain.Purpose: To investigate the effects of tandem walk and cognitive and motor dual-tasks on gait speed in persons with chronic idiopathic neck pain (CINP) compared with controls.Methods: A cross-sectional study. Thirty participants with CINP and 30 asymptomatic controls participated in the study. Gait speed was assessed using a timed 10-m walk test at a comfortable pace under four conditions: (1) comfortable walk (as reference); (2) tandem walk (single task); (3) cognitive dual-task walking; and (4) motor dual-task walking. Dual-task interference was calculated.Results: There was no difference in comfortable gait speed between groups (p= 0.40). The CINP group had slower gait speed during the tandem walk than controls (p= 0.02). The dual-task interference on gait speed was not different between groups (p = 0.67 for cognitive, p = 0.93 for motor).Conclusion: Participants with CINP had impaired gait stability during tandem walk. An attention-demanding secondary task did not influence gait speed in individuals with CINP compared to controls. The study suggests that tandem walk could be considered as an assessment tool and part of rehabilitation for neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munlika Sremakaew
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Somporn Sungkarat
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Julia Treleaven
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sureeporn Uthaikhup
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze balance ability and posture in postmenopausal women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP). METHODS This study includes a sample of 48 women with CPP recruited from the Gynecology Service of Virgen de las Nieves and San Cecilio Hospitals in Granada (Spain) and 48 healthy control women matched with respect to age and anthropometric characteristics. Outcome variables collected included: balance ability (Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Timed Up an Go Test) and posture (photogrammetry and Spinal Mouse). RESULTS Significant differences were found in all Mini Best Test subscales: total (P < 0.001), anticipatory (P = 0.002), reactive postural control (P < 0.001), sensory orientation (P < 0.001), and dynamic gait (P < 0.001), and all Timed Up and Go test subscales: alone (P < 0.001), with manual (P = 0.002) and cognitive task (P = 0.030). Significant differences were also found on spinal cervical angles with a forward head posture in women with CPP; global spine alignment exhibited more deviation in the women with CPP (P < 0.001); and a higher percentage of women with CPP (58%) presented with increased thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. Cohen's d was used to calculate the effect size. Some subscales of balance and posture tests showed a large effect size (d ≥0.8), indicating a more consistent result. CONCLUSIONS Women with CPP presented poor balance including anticipatory, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, dynamic gait, and dual task-related conditions. Posture showed higher values on the dorsal angle and lower sacral inclination, less spine alignment, and a more prevalent posture with increased kyphosis and lumbar lordosis.
Collapse
|
21
|
de Zoete RMJ, Osmotherly PG, Rivett DA, Snodgrass SJ. No Differences Between Individuals With Chronic Idiopathic Neck Pain and Asymptomatic Individuals on Seven Cervical Sensorimotor Control Tests: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019:1-37. [PMID: 31443626 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. BACKGROUND Cervical sensorimotor outcomes have been suggested to be important in the assessment of individuals with neck pain. However, the large variety of sensorimotor control tests used in varying populations makes it difficult to draw conclusions about their clinical value. OBJECTIVES To compare cervical sensorimotor control outcomes between individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain and asymptomatic individuals using a battery of recommended tests, and to investigate the correlation between cervical sensorimotor control outcomes and pain intensity and neck disability. METHODS Fifty participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain and 50 age and sex-matched asymptomatic controls completed seven cervical sensorimotor control tests: joint position error, joint position error torsion, postural balance, subjective visual vertical, head tilt response, The Fly, smooth pursuit neck torsion, and head steadiness. Between-group differences were investigated with Mann-Whitney U tests. Correlations between tests and levels of neck pain and disability were investigated using Spearman's rho. RESULTS There were no differences in cervical sensorimotor outcomes between participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain and asymptomatic controls for any test (p-values ranged from p=0.203 to p=0.981). For each test, 'poor performers' consisted of both individuals with and without neck pain. Correlations were weak between tests and levels of neck pain (r values ranged from 0.010 to 0.294) and neck disability (0.007 to 0.316). DISCUSSION These findings suggest sensorimotor control disturbances in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain may not be present, spawning debate on the clinical usefulness of these tests. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 23 Aug 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8846.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutger M J de Zoete
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Recovery Following Road Traffic Injuries, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter G Osmotherly
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Darren A Rivett
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kingett M, Holt K, Niazi IK, Nedergaard RW, Lee M, Haavik H. Increased Voluntary Activation of the Elbow Flexors Following a Single Session of Spinal Manipulation in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9060136. [PMID: 31212803 PMCID: PMC6628214 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9060136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of a single session of spinal manipulation (SM) on voluntary activation of the elbow flexors in participants with subclinical neck pain using an interpolated twitch technique with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), eighteen volunteers with subclinical neck pain participated in this randomized crossover trial. TMS was delivered during elbow flexion contractions at 50%, 75% and 100% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) before and after SM or control intervention. The amplitude of the superimposed twitches evoked during voluntary contractions was recorded and voluntary activation was calculated using a regression analysis. Dependent variables were analyzed with two-way (intervention × time) repeated measures ANOVAs. Significant intervention effects for SM compared to passive movement control were observed for elbow flexion MVC (p = 0.04), the amplitude of superimposed twitch (p = 0.04), and voluntary activation of elbow flexors (p =0.03). Significant within-group post-intervention changes were observed for the superimposed twitch (mean group decrease of 20.9%, p < 0.01) and voluntary activation (mean group increase of 3.0%, p < 0.01) following SM. No other significant within-group changes were observed. Voluntary activation of the elbow flexors increased immediately after one session of spinal manipulation in participants with subclinical neck pain. A decrease in the amplitude of superimposed twitch during elbow flexion MVC following spinal manipulation suggests a facilitation of motor cortical output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mat Kingett
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
| | - Kelly Holt
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
| | - Imran Khan Niazi
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 0627, New Zealand.
- Centre for Sensory-Motor Interactions (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Rasmus Wiberg Nedergaard
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Michael Lee
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Heidi Haavik
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The effects of chiropractic spinal manipulation on central processing of tonic pain - a pilot study using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). Sci Rep 2019; 9:6925. [PMID: 31061511 PMCID: PMC6502880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to investigate changes in pain perception and neural activity during tonic pain due to altered sensory input from the spine following chiropractic spinal adjustments. Fifteen participants with subclinical pain (recurrent spinal dysfunction such as mild pain, ache or stiffness but with no pain on the day of the experiment) participated in this randomized cross-over study involving a chiropractic spinal adjustment and a sham session, separated by 4.0 ± 4.2 days. Before and after each intervention, 61-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded at rest and during 80 seconds of tonic pain evoked by the cold-pressor test (left hand immersed in 2 °C water). Participants rated the pain and unpleasantness to the cold-pressor test on two separate numerical rating scales. To study brain sources, sLORETA was performed on four EEG frequency bands: delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (12–32 Hz). The pain scores decreased by 9% after the sham intervention (p < 0.05), whereas the unpleasantness scores decreased by 7% after both interventions (p < 0.05). sLORETA showed decreased brain activity following tonic pain in all frequency bands after the sham intervention, whereas no change in activity was seen after the chiropractic spinal adjustment session. This study showed habituation to pain following the sham intervention, with no habituation occurring following the chiropractic intervention. This suggests that the chiropractic spinal adjustments may alter central processing of pain and unpleasantness.
Collapse
|
24
|
Altered trunk head co-ordination in those with persistent neck pain. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2019; 39:45-50. [PMID: 30476827 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased neck motion and sensorimotor deficits have been identified in those with neck pain. It is thought that these might be related to altered reflex mechanisms between the neck, eyes and the vestibular system. Trunk, head co-ordination might also be altered in neck pain. OBJECTIVES This study investigated trunk head co-ordination ability in subjects with neck pain compared to asymptomatic controls. METHOD Twenty-four subjects with persistent neck pain and twenty-six age and gender matched healthy controls performed 3 trials of 3 trunk movements whilst trying to keep the head still - (1) alternate trunk movement to the left and right (2) trunk movement to the left (3) trunk movement to the right. Wireless motion sensors positioned over the sternum and the forehead measured trunk and head range and velocity of motion. ANALYSIS ANOVA was used to compare trunk and head range and velocity of motion during the 3 tasks. RESULTS Neck pain subjects had significantly less trunk movement (p < 0.05) and velocity (p=<0.02) as well as significantly increased head movement (p=<0.03) during most tasks compared to control subjects. DISCUSSION The results of the study suggest that neck pain subjects have difficulty moving their trunk independently of their head. They are less able to keep the head still while moving the trunk and perform the tasks more slowly. These findings might be related to altered reflex activity of the cervico-collic reflex and sensorimotor control. Further research is required.
Collapse
|
25
|
de Zoete RMJ, Osmotherly PG, Rivett DA, Snodgrass SJ. Seven cervical sensorimotor control tests measure different skills in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain. Braz J Phys Ther 2018; 24:69-78. [PMID: 30446237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensorimotor control is commonly reported in neck pain research and rapidly gaining interest in clinical practice. Joint position error (conventional and torsion), postural balance, subjective visual vertical, head tilt response, The Fly®, smooth pursuit neck torsion and head steadiness are tests that have been reported to assess cervical sensorimotor control. However, it is unknown whether clinicians could use one test, or a test battery, to appropriately assess cervical sensorimotor control and improve efficiency. Our main research question is: Do seven cervical sensorimotor control tests measure unique or similar characteristics of sensorimotor control in individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain? METHODS Principle components factor analysis. Data from seven cervical sensorimotor control tests of 50 participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain were included. Individual factors, potentially related to sensorimotor control, were determined by Eigen values >1.00 and inspection of a loading plot. Items with loadings ≥0.40 were considered satisfactory for inclusion in a factor. RESULTS All cervical sensorimotor control tests were found to measure unique skills. Four factors were isolated with two, postural balance and head steadiness, accounting for most of the variance across tests. The remaining two factors, continuous movement accuracy and perceived verticality, contributed less to the observed variance. CONCLUSION Postural balance and head steadiness were the major underlying factors explaining cervical sensorimotor control in the current sample. However, our results imply that all seven tests are independent and measure different skills. It is not possible to recommend a test battery for clinical practice, as all tests measure unique skills which appear to be independent of each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutger M J de Zoete
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Recover Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Recovery Following Road Traffic Injuries, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.
| | - Peter G Osmotherly
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Darren A Rivett
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Center for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Saadat M, Salehi R, Negahban H, Shaterzadeh 4MJ, Mehravar M, Hessam M. Postural stability in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain: A comparative study with healthy people. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2018; 32:33. [PMID: 30159284 PMCID: PMC6108284 DOI: 10.14196/mjiri.32.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Impairment of cervical sensory input in patients with neck pain may disturb postural stability. The purpose of present study was to assess the dynamic postural stability of subjects with chronic neck pain compared to a matched control group. Methods: In this case-control study, 22 chronic non-specific neck pain and 22 healthy individuals participated. Postural stability was measured with Techno-body Prokin tilting platform. Subjects performed balance tests under two conditions: eyes open and closed. The parameters for assessment of postural stability were total stability index (TSI), anteroposterior stability index (APSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI), and trunk deviation which demonstrated total trunk sway in medio-lateral and antero-posterior. We used a separate 2 (group) by 2 (postural difficulty) mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) for analysis of postural performance. Results: There were significant differences between the chronic neck pain and matched control groups in APSI, MLSI, and TSI, p<0.001 in both eyes opened and closed conditions. The trunk deviation was greater for non-specific neck pain in comparison to healthy subjects, p<0.05 in both conditions of eyes open and closed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that patients with chronic neck pain have poorer postural control than healthy subjects. The findings suggest that clinicians take into account the importance of dynamic postural stability assessment in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain and consider the application of intervention programs for improvement of the dynamic balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saadat
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Salehi
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Rehabilitation Research Center, and Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Negahban
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mehravar
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masumeh Hessam
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yagci G, Yakut Y, Simsek E. The effects of exercise on perception of verticality in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Physiother Theory Pract 2018; 34:579-588. [PMID: 29308950 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1423429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Visual and proprioceptive cues are important for body orientation to maintain correct posture. This study investigated the effects of exercise training on subjective visual, postural, and haptic perception of verticality in patients with scoliosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty-two female adolescents with moderate idiopathic scoliosis were randomly allocated to "Core Stabilization Exercise (CSE)," "Body Awareness," or "Traditional Exercise (TE)" groups. Each group completed a 1-hour supervised program, two days per week for 10 weeks while continuing to wear spinal braces. Perceptual visual, postural, and haptic estimates were assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS Subjective visual vertical perception only improved in the awareness group. Subjective visual horizontal perception, postural vertical perception, total postural perception scores, total haptic perception scores, and haptic perception 45° to the right were significantly improved in the stabilization and awareness groups. For the 60° right and 60° left postural perception parameters, as well as the 45° left haptic perception parameters, perception improved only in the stabilization group. No improvement was observed in the traditional group. CONCLUSION Improvements in visual, postural, and haptic verticality perception within the stabilization exercise training and Basic Body Awareness group treatment suggest the addition of these exercise methods for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis to improve internal body orientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Yagci
- a Hacettepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences , School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Samanpazari , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Yavuz Yakut
- b Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Faculty of Health Sciences , Altindag Turkey , Turkey
| | - Engin Simsek
- c Dokuz Eylul University, School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences , İzmir , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sensorimotor Control in Individuals With Idiopathic Neck Pain and Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98:1257-1271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
29
|
Zemková E, Kyselovičová O, Jeleň M, Kováčiková Z, Ollé G, Řtefániková G, Vilman T, Baláž M, Kurdiová T, Ukropec J, Ukropcová B. Three months of resistance training in overweight and obese individuals improves reactive balance control under unstable conditions. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2017; 30:353-362. [PMID: 27858700 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-160585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrary to static and dynamic balance, there is a lack of scientific evidence on the training induced changes in reactive balance control in response to unexpected perturbations in overweight and obese individuals. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effect of 3 months of resistance and aerobic training programs on postural responses to unexpected perturbations under stable and unstable conditions in the overweight and obese. METHODS A group of 17 overweight and obese subjects, divided into two groups, underwent either resistance or aerobic training for a period of 3 months (3 sessions per week). Prior to and after completing the training, they performed the load release balance test while standing on either a stable or unstable surface, with eyes open and closed. RESULTS Peak posterior center of pressure (CoP) displacement, and the time to peak posterior CoP displacement during a bipedal stance on a foam surface with eyes open (17.3%, p = 0.019 and 15.4%, p = 0.029) and eyes closed (15.0%, p = 0.027 and 13.2%, p = 0.034), decreased significantly. In addition, the total anterior to posterior CoP displacement, and the time from peak anterior to peak posterior CoP displacement, both with eyes open (18.1%, p = 0.017 and 12.2%, p = 0.040) and eyes closed (16.3%, p = 0.023 and 11.7%, p = 0.044), also significantly decreased. However, after completing the resistance training, the parameters registered while standing on a stable platform, both with eyes open and closed, did not change significantly. The group that underwent an aerobic training also failed to show any significant changes in parameters of the load release balance test. CONCLUSION Three months of resistance training in overweight and obese subjects improves reactive balance control in response to unexpected perturbations under unstable conditions, both with and without visual cues. Due to the fact that this unstable load release balance test was found to be sensitive in revealing post-training changes, it would be suitable for implementing in the functional diagnostic for this group, in addition to complementing existing testing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Zemková
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ol'ga Kyselovičová
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Jeleň
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kováčiková
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gábor Ollé
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Řtefániková
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Vilman
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Baláž
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Timea Kurdiová
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Study Design Controlled laboratory study, case-control design. Objective To evaluate spine kinematics and gait characteristics in people with nonspecific chronic neck pain. Background People with chronic neck pain present with a number of sensorimotor and biomechanical alterations, yet little is known about the influence of neck pain on gait and motions of the spine during gait. Methods People with chronic nonspecific neck pain and age- and sex-matched asymptomatic controls walked on a treadmill at 3 different speeds (self-selected, 3 km/h, and 5 km/h), either with their head in a neutral position or rotated 30°. Tridimensional motion capture was employed to quantify body kinematics. Neck and trunk rotations were derived from the difference between the transverse plane component of the head and thorax and thorax and pelvis angles to provide an indication of neck and trunk rotation during gait. Results Overall, the patient group showed shorter stride length compared to the control group (P<.001). Moreover, the patients with neck pain showed smaller trunk rotations (P<.001), regardless of the condition or speed. The difference in the amount of trunk rotation between groups became larger for the conditions of walking with the head rotated. Conclusion People with chronic neck pain walk with reduced trunk rotation, especially when challenged by walking with their head positioned in rotation. Reduced rotation of the trunk during gait may have long-term consequences on spinal health. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(4):268-277. Epub 3 Feb 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6768.
Collapse
|
31
|
Haavik H, Niazi IK, Holt K, Murphy B. Effects of 12 Weeks of Chiropractic Care on Central Integration of Dual Somatosensory Input in Chronic Pain Patients: A Preliminary Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2017; 40:127-138. [PMID: 28196631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess whether the dual somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) technique is sensitive enough to measure changes in cortical intrinsic inhibitory interactions in patients with chronic neck or upper extremity pain and, if so, whether changes are associated with changes in pain scores. METHODS The dual peripheral nerve stimulation SEP ratio technique was used for 6 subjects with a history of chronic neck or upper limb pain. SEPs were recorded after left or right median and ulnar nerve stimulation at the wrist. SEP ratios were calculated for the N9, N13, P14-18, N20-P25, and P22-N30 peak complexes from SEP amplitudes obtained from simultaneous median and ulnar stimulation divided by the arithmetic sum of SEPs obtained from individual stimulation of the median and ulnar nerves. Outcome measures of SEP ratios and subjects' visual analog scale rating of pains were recorded at baseline, after a 2-week usual care control period, and after 12 weeks of multimodal chiropractic care (chiropractic spinal manipulation and 1 or more of the following: exercises, peripheral joint adjustments/manipulation, soft tissue therapy, and pain education). RESULTS A significant decrease in the median and ulnar to median plus ulnar ratio and the median and ulnar amplitude for the cortical P22-N30 SEP component was observed after 12 weeks of chiropractic care, with no changes after the control period. There was a significant decrease in visual analog scale scores (both for current pain and for pain last week). CONCLUSION The dual SEP ratio technique appears to be sensitive enough to measure changes in cortical intrinsic inhibitory interactions in patients with chronic neck pain. The observations in 6 subjects revealed that 12 weeks of chiropractic care improved suppression of SEPs evoked by dual upper limb nerve stimulation at the level of the motor cortex, premotor areas, and/or subcortical areas such as basal ganglia and/or thalamus. It is possible that these findings explain one of the mechanisms by which chiropractic care improves function and reduces pain for chronic pain patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Haavik
- Centre for Chiropractic, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Mount Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand..
| | - Imran Khan Niazi
- Centre for Chiropractic, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Mount Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Holt
- Centre for Chiropractic, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Mount Wellington, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bernadette Murphy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Naghdi S, Nakhostin Ansari N, ShamsSalehi S, Feise RJ, Entezary E. Validation of the functional rating index for the assessment of athletes with neck pain. World J Orthop 2016; 7:507-512. [PMID: 27622152 PMCID: PMC4990773 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v7.i8.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To validate the culturally-adapted Persian Functional Rating Index (PFRI) for assessing neck pain (NP) in athletes.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 100 athletes with NP and 50 healthy athletes participated and responded to the PFRI. Fifty athletes with NP completed the PFRI for at least 7 d later to establish test-retest reliability.
RESULTS: The athletes with NP responded to all items, indicating excellent clinical utility. No floor and ceiling effects were found, indicating content validity and responsiveness. The PFRI revealed capability to discriminate between the athletes with NP and healthy athletes. The PFRI demonstrated strong correlation with the Numerical Rating Scale (Spearman’s rho = 0.94), and the Persian Neck Disability Index (Pearson r = 0.995), supporting criterion and construct validity. Internal consistency reliability was high (Cronbach’s α coefficient: 0.97). The test-retest reliability was excellent (ICCagreement = 0.96). The absolute reliability values of standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change were 3.2 and 8.84, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis yielded one factor explaining 78.03% of the total variance.
CONCLUSION: The PFRI is a valid and reliable measure of functional status in athletes with NP.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zemková E, Štefániková G, Muyor JM. Load release balance test under unstable conditions effectively discriminates between physically active and sedentary young adults. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 48:142-52. [PMID: 27203382 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates test-retest reliability and diagnostic accuracy of the load release balance test under four varied conditions. Young, early and late middle-aged physically active and sedentary subjects performed the test over 2 testing sessions spaced 1week apart while standing on either (1) a stable or (2) an unstable surface with (3) eyes open (EO) and (4) eyes closed (EC), respectively. Results identified that test-retest reliability of parameters of the load release balance test was good to excellent, with high values of ICC (0.78-0.92) and low SEM (7.1%-10.7%). The peak and the time to peak posterior center of pressure (CoP) displacement were significantly lower in physically active as compared to sedentary young adults (21.6% and 21.0%) and early middle-aged adults (22.0% and 20.9%) while standing on a foam surface with EO, and in late middle-aged adults on both unstable (25.6% and 24.5%) and stable support surfaces with EO (20.4% and 20.0%). The area under the ROC curve >0.80 for these variables indicates good discriminatory accuracy. Thus, these variables of the load release balance test measured under unstable conditions have the ability to differentiate between groups of physically active and sedentary adults as early as from 19years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Zemková
- Department of Sports Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Sports Technology Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - G Štefániková
- Department of Sports Educology and Sports Humanistic, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J M Muyor
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics, Faculty of Education Sciences, Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Almería, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Correlation between Trunk Posture and Neck Reposition Sense among Subjects with Forward Head Neck Postures. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:689610. [PMID: 26583125 PMCID: PMC4637041 DOI: 10.1155/2015/689610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To assess the correlation of abnormal trunk postures and reposition sense of subjects with forward head neck posture (FHP). Methods. In all, postures of 41 subjects were evaluated and the FHP and trunk posture including shoulder, scapular level, pelvic side, and anterior tilting degrees were analyzed. We used the head repositioning accuracy (HRA) test to evaluate neck position senses of neck flexion, neck extension, neck right and left side flexion, and neck right and left rotation and calculated the root mean square error in trials for each subject. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and regression analysis were used to assess the degree of correlation between the trunk posture and HRA value, and a significance level of α = 0.05 was considered. Results. There were significant correlations between the HRA value of right side neck flexion and pelvic side tilt angle (p < 0.05). If pelvic side tilting angle increases by 1 degree, right side neck flexion increased by 0.76 degrees (p = 0.026). However, there were no significant correlations between other neck motions and trunk postures. Conclusion. Verifying pelvic postures should be prioritized when movement is limited due to the vitiation of the proprioceptive sense of neck caused by FHP.
Collapse
|
35
|
Pain education combined with neck- and aerobic training is more effective at relieving chronic neck pain than pain education alone – A preliminary randomized controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:686-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
36
|
Osborn ML, Homberger DG. The Human Shoulder Suspension Apparatus: A Causal Explanation for Bilateral Asymmetry and a Fresh Look at the Evolution of Human Bipedality. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 298:1572-88. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Osborn
- Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yun S, Kim YL, Lee SM. The effect of neurac training in patients with chronic neck pain. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1303-7. [PMID: 26157206 PMCID: PMC4483384 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of neurac training on pain,
function, balance, fatigability, and quality of life. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects with
chronic neck pain who were treated in S hospital were included in this study; they were
randomly allocated into two groups, i.e., the experimental group (n = 10) and the control
group (n = 10). Both groups received traditional physical therapy for 3 sessions for
30 min per week for 4 weeks. The experimental group practiced additional neurac training
for 30 min/day, for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. All subjects were evaluated using the
visual analogue scale (VAS), the neck disability index (NDI), the biorescue (balance), the
questionnaire for fatigue symptoms (fatigue), and the medical outcome 36-item short form
health survey (SF-36) pre- and post-intervention. [Results] The experimental group
effectively improved their pain, function, balance, fatigability, and quality of life.
[Conclusion] Neurac training is thus considered an effective training program that
enhances body functionality by improving pain, function, balance ability, fatigability,
and quality of life in patients with chronic neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yun
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - You Lim Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Min Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Huntley AH, Srbely JZ, Zettel JL. Experimentally induced central sensitization in the cervical spine evokes postural stiffening strategies in healthy young adults. Gait Posture 2015; 41:652-7. [PMID: 25670652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dysequilibrium of cervicogenic origin can result from pain and injury to cervical paraspinal tissues post-whiplash; however, the specific physiological mechanisms still remain unclear. Central sensitization is a neuradaptive process which has been clinically associated with conditions of chronic pain and hypersensitivity. Strong links have been demonstrated between pain hypersensitivity and postural deficits post-whiplash; however, the precise mechanisms are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms of cervicogenic disequilibrium by investigating the effect of experimentally induced central sensitization in the cervical spine on postural stability in young healthy adults. Sixteen healthy young adults (7 males (22.6±1.13 years) and 9 females (22±2.69 years)) performed 30-s full-tandem stance trials on an AMTI force plate under normal and centrally sensitized conditions. The primary outcome variables included the standard deviation of the center of pressure (COP) position in medio-lateral (M-L) and antero-posterior (A-P) directions; sway range of the COP in M-L and A-P directions and the mean power frequency (MPF) of the COP and horizontal ground shear forces. Variability and sway range of the COP decreased with experimental induction of central sensitization, accompanied by an increase in MPF of COP displacement in both M-L and A-P directions, suggesting an increase in postural stiffening post-sensitization versus non-sensitized controls. Future studies need to further explore this relationship in clinical (whiplash, chronic pain) populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Huntley
- Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada.
| | - John Z Srbely
- Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - John L Zettel
- Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yeom H, Lim J, Yoo SH, Lee W. A new posture-correcting system using a vector angle model for preventing forward head posture. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:S6-S13. [PMID: 26019611 PMCID: PMC4433962 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.949040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern society many people are afflicted with muscle pain in the neck and shoulders mainly caused by incorrect posture. The number of patients having neck pain is increasing as usage of digital devices becomes more frequent. If patients could be notified how inappropriate their postures are in real time, the number of patients could be lower. Unfortunately, there is no digitized standard way of diagnosis for forward head posture. This study applies a concept based on a vector related to two angles which are acquired from the neck and the head, so that a device can diagnose the posture by measuring and analysing the angles. To obtain the vector, integral calculations of displacement of the head are needed. As a result, with this device, patients’ faulty posture can be easily detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hojun Yeom
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, Eulji University , Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Juhun Lim
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, Eulji University , Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Sung Hak Yoo
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, Eulji University , Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| | - Woocheol Lee
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, Eulji University , Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Daligadu J, Haavik H, Yielder PC, Baarbe J, Murphy B. Alterations in cortical and cerebellar motor processing in subclinical neck pain patients following spinal manipulation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2013; 36:527-37. [PMID: 24035521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was investigate whether there are alterations in cerebellar output in a subclinical neck pain (SCNP) group and whether spinal manipulation before motor sequence learning might restore the baseline functional relationship between the cerebellum and motor cortex. METHODS Ten volunteers were tested with SCNP using transcranial magnetic stimulation before and after a combined intervention of spinal manipulation and motor sequence learning. In a separate experiment, we tested 10 healthy controls using the same measures before and after motor sequence learning. Our transcranial magnetic stimulation measurements included short-interval intracortical inhibition, long-interval intracortical inhibition, and cerebellar inhibition (CBI). RESULTS The SCNP group showed a significant improvement in task performance as indicated by a 19% decrease in mean reaction time (P < .0001), which occurred concurrently with a decrease in CBI following the combined spinal manipulation and motor sequence learning intervention (F1,6 = 7.92, P < .05). The control group also showed an improvement in task performance as indicated by a 25% increase in reaction time (P < .001) with no changes to CBI. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical neck pain patients have altered CBI when compared with healthy controls, and spinal manipulation before a motor sequence learning task changes the CBI pattern to one similar to healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Daligadu
- Graduate Student, Kinesiology, Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
The influence of cervical spine flexion-rotation range-of-motion asymmetry on postural stability in older adults. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2013; 38:1648-55. [PMID: 23778365 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0b013e31829f23a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional design. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to isolate the contribution of cervical spine range-of-motion (ROM) asymmetry to postural control in a group of older adults with neck pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Previous research has suggested that the upper cervical spine plays an important role in postural stability. However, it remains unclear whether the upper cervical spine rotation ROM asymmetry is associated with postural stability. METHODS Using the cervical range-of-motion device to assess upper cervical spine ROM via the cervical flexion-rotation test, we classified 54 older adults with neck pain (30 females; mean [standard deviation] age, 66 [5] yr) into the (1) symmetrical group (SYM; n = 20; ≤5° side-to-side difference) or (2) asymmetrical group (ASYM; n = 34; >5° difference). Standing postural control was characterized by the center-of-pressure (CoP) movements measured using a Balance Board. Other measures included habitual, fast-paced gait speed and neck pain. Both groups were compared on the various measures using Welch t tests. RESULTS Although the ASYM group had 26% greater anteroposterior postural sway than the SYM (P < 0.01), both groups did not differ on postural sway velocity, gait speed, and neck pain intensity. Analyzing the frequency content of the postural sway using wavelet analysis (a modern, nonlinear signal processing method) shed further light: the standing postural sway in the ASYM group was skewed toward lower frequency movement (ultralow [< 0.10Hz] frequency content, anteroposterior: 6.7% in ASYM, 4.7% in SYM, P = 0.01; medial-lateral: 4.2% in ASYM, 3.4% in SYM, P = 0.045). CONCLUSION The ASYM group seemed to have compensated for their altered somatosensory input to achieve similar functional levels as the SYM group. Given what is known about the association between ultralow frequency postural sway and visual input, we speculated that the postural strategy adopted by the ASYM group was adaptive and that this group may be relying on the visual system to achieve these compensations.
Collapse
|
42
|
Movement coordination and differential kinematics of the cervical and thoracic spines in people with chronic neck pain. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2013; 28:610-7. [PMID: 23777907 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the kinematics and inter-regional coordination of movements between the cervical and thoracic spines in motion adds to our understanding of the performance and interplay of these spinal regions. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chronic neck pain on the three-dimensional kinematics and coordination of the cervical and thoracic spines during active movements of the neck. METHODS Three-dimensional spinal kinematics and movement coordination between the cervical, upper thoracic, and lower thoracic spines were examined by electromagnetic motion sensors in thirty-four individuals with chronic neck pain and thirty-four age- and gender-matched asymptomatic subjects. All subjects performed a set of free active neck movements in three anatomical planes in sitting position and at their own pace. Spinal kinematic variables (angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration) of the three defined regions, and movement coordination between regions were determined and compared between the two groups. FINDINGS Subjects with chronic neck pain exhibited significantly decreased cervical angular velocity and acceleration of neck movement. Cross-correlation analysis revealed consistently lower degrees of coordination between the cervical and upper thoracic spines in the neck pain group. The loss of coordination was most apparent in angular velocity and acceleration of the spine. INTERPRETATION Assessment of the range of motion of the neck is not sufficient to reveal movement dysfunctions in chronic neck pain subjects. Evaluation of angular velocity and acceleration and movement coordination should be included to help develop clinical intervention strategies to promote restoration of differential kinematics and movement coordination.
Collapse
|
43
|
Malmström EM, Eva-Maj M, Westergren H, Hans W, Fransson PA, Per-Anders F, Karlberg M, Mikael K, Magnusson M, Måns M. Experimentally induced deep cervical muscle pain distorts head on trunk orientation. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 113:2487-99. [PMID: 23812089 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We wanted to explore the specific proprioceptive effect of cervical pain on sensorimotor control. Sensorimotor control comprises proprioceptive feedback, central integration and subsequent muscular response. Pain might be one cause of previously reported disturbances in joint kinematics, head on trunk orientation and postural control. However, the causal relationship between the impact of cervical pain on proprioception and thus on sensorimotor control has to be established. METHODS Eleven healthy subjects were examined in their ability to reproduce two different head on trunk targets, neutral head position (NHP) and 30° target position, with a 3D motion analyser before, directly after and 15 min after experimentally induced neck pain. Pain was induced by hypertonic saline infusion at C2/3 level in the splenius capitis muscle on one side (referred to as "injected side"). RESULTS All subjects experienced temporary pain and the head repositioning error increased significantly during head repositioning to the 30° target to the injected side (p = 0.011). A post hoc analysis showed that pain interfered with proprioception to the injected side during acute pain (p < 0.001), but also when the pain had waned (p = 0.002). Accuracy decreased immediately after pain induction for the 30° target position to the side where pain was induced (3.3 → 5.3°, p = 0.033), but not to the contralateral side (4.9 → 4.1°, p = 0.657). There was no significant impact of pain on accuracy for NHP. A sensory mismatch appeared in some subjects, who experienced dizziness. CONCLUSIONS Acute cervical pain distorts sensorimotor control with side-specific changes, but also has more complex effects that appear when pain has waned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maj Malmström
- Unit for Specialized Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden,
| | - Malmström Eva-Maj
- Unit for Specialized Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Takasaki H, Treleaven J, Johnston V, Jull G. Minimum repetitions for stable measures of visual dependency using the dot version of the computer-based Rod-Frame test. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 17:466-9. [PMID: 22425587 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
45
|
The role of spinal manipulation in addressing disordered sensorimotor integration and altered motor control. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2012; 22:768-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
46
|
Durall CJ. Therapeutic exercise for athletes with nonspecific neck pain: a current concepts review. Sports Health 2012; 4:293-301. [PMID: 23016100 PMCID: PMC3435917 DOI: 10.1177/1941738112446138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Benign neck pain is common in athletes and is usually the result of minor sprains, strains, or contusions. Athletes with neck pain may have deficits in cervical and/or upper thoracic mobility, muscle recruitment, strength and endurance, repositioning acuity, postural stability, and oculomotor control. Evidence Acquisition: A Medline search was performed via PubMed to locate articles of any publication date through December 2011 using the search terms cervical pain, neck pain, athlete, athletic, therapeutic exercise, and rehabilitation. Reference lists of retrieved articles were searched for additional relevant references. Results: Therapeutic exercise has promise as an intervention for individuals with neck pain, although reports on isolated athletic populations are lacking. To date, recommendations for specific therapeutic exercises have been derived largely from anecdotal or uncontrolled level IV or V evidence. Conclusion: Clinicians should consider deficits, functional limitations, irritability level, and the sport’s cervical spine stress profile when selecting exercises for athletes with neck pain.
Collapse
|
47
|
The role of forward head correction in management of adolescent idiopathic scoliotic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2012; 26:1123-32. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215512447085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
48
|
Silva AG, Cruz AL. Standing balance in patients with whiplash-associated neck pain and idiopathic neck pain when compared with asymptomatic participants: A systematic review. Physiother Theory Pract 2012; 29:1-18. [PMID: 22515180 DOI: 10.3109/09593985.2012.677111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neck proprioception is one of the information sources that helps regulate postural balance. However, it is believed to be impaired as patients with both idiopathic neck pain (INP) and whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) have been shown to have a more unstable balance than healthy controls. This systematic review aims to determine if there are significant differences in balance between patients with INP and healthy controls and between patients with WAD and healthy controls. Studies were sought from PubMed, Cinahl, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Science Direct, and Scielo. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, assessed full reports for potentially eligible studies, and extracted information on participants' characteristics, pain characteristics, study methods, study results, and study quality. Twelve studies were included in this systematic review. Of these, six compared INP and healthy controls and eight compared WAD and healthy controls. All but one study (11/12) found a statistically significant difference for at least one measurement between patients with INP and WAD and healthy controls. The results of this systematic review suggest that both patients with INP and patients with WAD have poorer balance than healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anabela G Silva
- Adjunct Professor, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Talebian S, Otadi K, Ansari NN, Hadian MR, Shadmehr A, Jalaie S. Postural Control in Women with Myofascial Neck Pain. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN 2011. [DOI: 10.3109/10582452.2011.635847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
50
|
Rasmussen CDN, Jørgensen MB, Carneiro IG, Flyvholm MA, Olesen K, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a 1-year worksite intervention preventing physical deterioration. ERGONOMICS 2011; 55:256-264. [PMID: 21846286 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2011.592651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Worksite health promotion is seldom offered to workers who are low-educated and multi-ethnic, possibly due to an assumption that they are more reluctant to participate. Furthermore, little has been done to promote health at female-dominated workplaces. The main aim of this study was to investigate differences in participation among immigrant and Danish cleaners throughout a 1-year randomised controlled study tailored to cleaners and carried out in predominantly female workplaces. No significant differences in ethnicity were found in consent and participation throughout the 1-year intervention. Dropout was equally distributed among Danish and immigrant cleaners. This study indicates that a worksite health promotion intervention among a female-dominated, high-risk occupation such as cleaning can be equally appealing for Danes and immigrants. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY This study provides insight about participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a worksite health promotion intervention in a predominantly female occupation. For attaining high participation and low dropout in future worksite health promotion interventions among cleaners, the intervention ought to not only target the ethnic background of the workers, but also to be specifically tailored to the job group.
Collapse
|