Synthesis and DFT calculations of linear and nonlinear optical responses of novel 2-thioxo-3-N,(4-methylphenyl) thiazolidine-4 one

Investigating the molecular interactions of two long-chain PFASs with human serum albumin: Insights from multispectral analysis and computational methods

Long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances (FPAS) are commonly detected in environmental and biological contexts. This study investigated the interactions of perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) with human serum albumin (HSA). Fluorescence quenching experiments demonstrated static quenching of HSA's intrinsic fluorescence by both PFUnDA and PFTrDA, resulting in the formation of stable HSA-PFAS complexes. At 298 K, PFUnDA exhibited a higher binding constant (5.50 × 107 L/mol) than PFTrDA (1.01 × 105 L/mol), indicating stronger binding affinity. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces were the predominant interactions in the binding processes. Molecular docking confirmed that both PFASs bind to the IIA subdomain of HSA, with PFUnDA exhibiting lower binding energy (-8.690 kcal/mol) than PFTrDA. Molecular dynamics simulations further supported these findings, with PFUnDA showing stronger binding energy (-13.894 kcal/mol) driven primarily by van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions. Quantum chemical analysis reveals that the carbonyl groups in PFUnDA and PFTrDA exhibit significant molecular reactivity, indicating a propensity for more vigorous chemical interactions. This study not only reveals the potential biological activity of PFUnDA and PFTrDA, but also provides scientific basis for evaluating their biosafety and risks.

Exploration of rutin derivatives as potential inhibitors of prostate cancer signaling pathways: A comprehensive in-silico study

Prostate cancer is a widespread health issue that affects men worldwide. It is one of the most common forms of cancer, and its development is influenced by a combination of hereditary, epigenetic, environmental, age, and lifestyle factors. Given that it is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men, it is crucial to comprehend its complex facets. Present research especially targets the 3-kinase/protein kinase B, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, and extracellular signal-related kinase pathways, which are known to be significantly involved in prostate cancer progression. Here, Rutin derivatives were screened against selected prostate cancer targets. Molecular docking was performed to identify favorable interactions and the most promising compound. Further, Density functional theory, pharmacokinetics, Molecular dynamics simulation, principal component analysis, free energy landscape analysis, and Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area provided additional insights into selecting the best drug candidate. Among all the selected rutin derivatives, RU4b1 has potent inhibitory action. We also performed predictive analysis to identify the distinct metabolic sites within the structure of RU4b1. RU4b1 also exhibits drug-like properties and potent antioxidant activity. The findings were also compared with standard drugs and reference molecules of the respective proteins, and it is noteworthy that RU4b1 exhibited superior action compared to the standard drugs and reference molecules. This study aims to contribute valuable insights into developing targeted therapies for prostate cancer, emphasizing the potential of rutin derivatives as effective anti-cancer agents.

Remarkable enhancement of the nonlinear optical behavior towards asymmetric substituted D-π-A dithiophene-based compounds

CONTEXT

Nonlinear optics (NLO) is an interesting field that discloses the interaction between intense light and matter, leading to a deeper understanding of NLO phenomena. Organic chromophores are considered as promising materials for NLO due to their exceptional structural versatility, ease of processing, and rapid response to NLO effects. Functional materials based on thiophene have been indispensable in advancing organic optoelectronics. Specifically, dithiophene-based compounds display weaker aromaticity, reduced steric hindrance, and additional sulfur-sulfur interactions. Hence, by utilizing dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (DTBDT) as the core structure, designing of a set of organic compounds with D1-π-D2-π-A-type framework, namely ZR1D1-ZR1D8, was carried out in this study. The analysis of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) revealed that compound ZR1D2 has the lowest band gap of 1.922 eV among all the investigated chromophores. The correlation of global reactivity parameters (GRPs) with the band gap values indicates that ZR1D2 displays a hardness of 0.961 eV and a softness of 0.520 eV-1. Among the studied compounds, ZR1D2 demonstrated a broad absorption spectrum that extended across the visible region. The maximum absorption wavelengths were observed at 766.470 nm for ZR1D2 and 749.783 nm for ZR1D5. These DTBDT-based dyes exhibit a remarkable NLO response with exceptionally high first hyperpolarizability (βtot) values. Among them, compound ZR1D2 stands out with the highest average linear polarizability (⟨α⟩ = 3.0 × 10-22 esu), first hyperpolarizability (βtot = 4.1 × 10-27 esu), and second hyperpolarizability (γtot = 7.5 × 10-32 esu) values. In summary, this investigation offers valuable insights into the potential use of DTBDT-based organic chromophores, particularly ZR1D2, for advanced applications in NLO. These findings suggest promising opportunities for researchers to synthesize these molecules and utilize these compounds in hi-tech NLO-based applications.

METHODOLOGY

The density functional theory computations were performed at the M06/6-311G(d,p) functional to explore their structural effects on electronic and NLO findings. Various analyses like highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps, absorption maxima, density of states, open circuit voltage, binding energies of electrons and holes, and transition density matrix are employed to investigate photovoltaic efficiencies of the derivatives. Different software packages like Avogadro, Multiwfn, Origin, GaussSum, PyMOlyze, and Chemcraft were used to deduce conclusions from the output files.

Nonlinear optical properties of azo sulfonamide derivatives

CONTEXT

The present work deals with the linear and nonlinear optical properties such as the dipole moment, polarizability, total hyperpolarizability, electric field-induced second harmonic generation, and hyper-Rayleigh scattering first hyperpolarizability of four heterocyclic azo compounds containing the sulfonamide group considered promise in nonlinear optic. The obtained polarizability and hyperpolarizability were supported by the frontier molecular orbital analysis. The properties have been effectively estimated and thoroughly examined to shed light on the nonlinear optical activity based on the density functional theory. The observed results show a high total first hyperpolarizability β tot up to 2503 a.u. and a low energy gap E g less than 1.41 eV. An inverse relationship has been obtained between the β tot and E g . The calculated E g values confirm that charge occurs within the azo sulfonamides. The new study provides a promising avenue for the development of these azo sulfonamides as novel NLO materials.

METHODS

The molecular modeling and the theoretical studies were performed with Gaussian software packages. The B3LYP/6-311 + G** level was used for optimization. All the linear and nonlinear optical properties reported here are obtained using the DFT. The optimized structures and their frontier molecular orbitals were plotted using the GaussView 5.1 program.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, hemolytic activities and in silico POM/DFT/DNA-binding and pharmacokinetic analyses of new sulfonamide bearing thiazolidin-4-ones

In this work, Schiff bases and Thiazolidin-4-ones, were synthesized using Sonication and Microwave techniques, respectively. The Schiff base derivatives (3a-b) were synthesized via the reaction of Sulfathiazole (1) with benzaldehyde derivatives (2a-b), followed by the synthesis of 4-thiazoledinone (4a-b) derivatives by cyclizing the synthesized Schiff bases through thioglycholic acid. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as FT IR, NMR and HRMS. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant and in vivo cytotoxicity and hemolysis ability. The synthesized compounds displayed better antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and low toxicity in comparison to reference drugs and negative controls, respectively. The hemolysis test revealed the compounds exhibit lower hemolytic effects and hemolytic values are comparatively low and the safety of compounds is in comparison with standard drugs. Theoretical calculations were carried out by using the molecular operating environment (MOE) and Gaussian computing software and observations were in good agreement with the in vitro and in vivo biological activities. Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration (POM) results indicate the presence of three combined antibacterial, antiviral and antitumor pharmacophore sites. The molecular docking revealed the significant binding affinities and non-bonding interactions between the compounds and Erwinia Chrysanthemi (PDB ID: 1SHK). The molecular dynamics simulation under in silico physiological conditions revealed a stable conformation and binding pattern in a stimulating environment. HighlightsNew series of Thaiazolidin-4-one derivatives have been synthesized.Sonication and microwave techniques are used.Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis activities were observed for all synthesized compounds.Molecular Docking and DFT/POM analyses have been predicted.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Electronic, optical and spectroscopic properties of N-dialkyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (CNMIM.PF6) ionic liquid crystal molecules investigated by computational methods

In this present work, we calculate the electronic, spectroscopic and nonlinear optical properties (NLO) of N-dialkyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (CNMIM.PF6, where N = 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) ionic liquid crystal molecules under the effect of alkyl chain length variation in cation moiety [CNMIM]+ with fixed anion [PF6]-. CONTEXT: The majority of research on ionic liquid crystal to date has been focused on experiments, while theoretical studies on the optical properties of ionic liquid crystal have been extremely rare. Nonlinear phenomena in optical devices have attracted many researchers. Therefore, results of NLO properties may favor facile synthesis and fabrication of novel-type of materials as well as optoelectronic devices. Spectroscopic studies elucidate further insight into ionic liquid crystal behavior. The results demonstrate that variations in alkyl chain length have an impact on the conformers' electrical, spectroscopic, and NLO properties as well as their stability. The stability of ionic liquid crystal molecules increases with increase in the alkyl chain length and the energy band gap range is 6.64-6.29 eV. Understanding ionic liquid crystal's physical behavior requires an understanding of their dipole moments and NLO features, which are covered in this article. The results of NLO characteristics for all ionic liquid crystal molecules show that their first-order hyperpolarizabilities are higher than the reference molecule (urea). METHODS: The electronic (molecular energy band gap, electrostatic potential map, as well as HOMO-LUMO orbitals) and spectroscopic (IR-RAMAN, UV) properties were evaluated with the help of theoretical model at B3LYP/6-31G(d) while the NLO study has been performed using B3LYP and M06-2X with different basis sets 6-31G(d) and 6-311++G(d,p), as implemented in Gaussian09 software.

Theoretical study on functionalized acrylonitrile compounds with a large second-order nonlinear optical response

The nonlinear optical properties of the studied compounds were studied with the help of DFT calculations.