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Shuai JH, Leng ZF, Wang P, Ji YC. Correlation analysis of serum thyroglobulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and thyroid-cancer risk in thyroid nodule surgery. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6407-6414. [PMID: 37900235 PMCID: PMC10600984 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i27.6407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroglobulin (Tg) is one of the markers of thyroid cancer, and its concentration may be elevated in patients with malignant thyroid tumors. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the pituitary gland, which has a significant impact on thyroid gland function. Excessively high or low TSH levels may be associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Thus, in-depth studies on the association of serum Tg and TSH levels with thyroid cancer risk in patients with thyroid nodules are warranted. This can help determine whether Tg and TSH levels can predict the degree of malignancy of thyroid nodules, which can in turn guide doctors in making accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions. Furthermore, such studies can provide more accurate diagnostic methods for thyroid nodules and help patients become aware of the presence of thyroid cancer as early as possible, thereby improving the success rate of treatment and prognosis. AIM To investigate the association of serum Tg and TSH levels with the risk of thyroid cancer in patients undergoing thyroid nodule surgery. METHODS The clinical data and laboratory examination results of 130 patients who underwent thyroid nodule surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Furthermore, their preoperative serum Tg and TSH levels were recorded. Histopathological examination conducted during follow-up revealed the presence of thyroid cancer. Correlation analysis were used to analyze the association of Tg and TSH levels with the risk of thyroid cancer. RESULTS Of the 130 patients, 60 were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between serum Tg levels and the risk of thyroid cancer (P < 0.05). This suggests that high serum Tg levels are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. However, no significant correlation was observed between serum TSH levels and the risk of thyroid cancer (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients who underwent thyroid nodule surgery, serum Tg levels exhibited a significant correlation with the risk of thyroid cancer but serum TSH levels did not. These findings suggest that serum Tg can serve as an important biomarker for assessing the risk of thyroid cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hao Shuai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan 620000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Fang Leng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan 620000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan 620000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi-Chi Ji
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan 620000, Sichuan Province, China
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Giovanella L, D'Aurizio F, Algeciras-Schimnich A, Görges R, Petranovic Ovcaricek P, Tuttle RM, Visser WE, Verburg FA. Thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody: an updated clinical and laboratory expert consensus. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:R11-R27. [PMID: 37625447 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroglobulin measurement is the cornerstone of modern management of differentiated thyroid cancer, with clinical decisions on treatment and follow-up based on the results of such measurements. However, numerous factors need to be considered regarding measurement with and interpretation of thyroglobulin assay results. DESIGN The present document provides an integrated update to the 2013 and 2014 separate clinical position papers of our group on these issues. METHODS Issues concerning analytical and clinical aspects of highly-sensitive thyroglobulin measurement will be reviewed and discussed based on an extensive analysis of the available literature. RESULTS Thyroglobulin measurement remains a highly complex process with many pitfalls and major sources of interference, especially anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, need to be assessed, considered and, when necessary, dealt with appropriately. CONCLUSIONS Our expert consensus group formulated 53 practical, graded recommendations for guidance on highly-sensitive thyroglobulin and TgAb in laboratory and clinical practice, especially valuable where current guidelines do not offer sufficient guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica D'Aurizio
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Rainer Görges
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Petra Petranovic Ovcaricek
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center "Sestre Milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Michael Tuttle
- Endocrinology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - W Edward Visser
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik A Verburg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Giovanella L, Milan L, Roll W, Weber M, Schenke S, Kreissl M, Vrachimis A, Pabst K, Murat T, Petranovic Ovcaricek P, Riemann B, Ceriani L, Campenni A, Görges R. Postoperative thyroglobulin as a yard-stick for radioiodine therapy: decision tree analysis in a European multicenter series of 1317 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2767-2774. [PMID: 37121981 PMCID: PMC10317893 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An accurate postoperative assessment is pivotal to inform postoperative 131I treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). We developed a predictive model for post-treatment whole-body scintigraphy (PT-WBS) results (as a proxy for persistent disease) by adopting a decision tree model. METHODS Age, sex, histology, T stage, N stage, risk classes, remnant estimation, TSH, and Tg were identified as potential predictors and were put into regression algorithm (conditional inference tree, ctree) to develop a risk stratification model for predicting the presence of metastases in PT-WBS. RESULTS The lymph node (N) stage identified a partition of the population into two subgroups (N-positive vs N-negative). Among N-positive patients, a Tg value > 23.3 ng/mL conferred a 83% probability to have metastatic disease compared to those with lower Tg values. Additionally, N-negative patients were further substratified in three subgroups with different risk rates according to their Tg values. The model remained stable and reproducible in the iterative process of cross validation. CONCLUSIONS We developed a simple and robust decision tree model able to provide reliable informations on the probability of persistent/metastatic DTC after surgery. These information may guide post-surgery 131I administration and select patients requiring curative rather than adjuvant 131I therapy schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ospedale San Giovanni, Via A. Gallino 6, 6500, Bellinzona, CH, Switzerland.
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lisa Milan
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ospedale San Giovanni, Via A. Gallino 6, 6500, Bellinzona, CH, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Roll
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Simone Schenke
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kreissl
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexis Vrachimis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, German Oncology Center, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Kim Pabst
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tuncel Murat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petra Petranovic Ovcaricek
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Burkhard Riemann
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Luca Ceriani
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Ospedale San Giovanni, Via A. Gallino 6, 6500, Bellinzona, CH, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Campenni
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rainer Görges
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Spaziani S, Quero G, Managò S, Zito G, Terracciano D, Macchia PE, Galeotti F, Pisco M, De Luca AC, Cusano A. SERS assisted sandwich immunoassay platforms for ultrasensitive and selective detection of human Thyroglobulin. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 233:115322. [PMID: 37100718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
We developed an immunoassay platform for the detection of human Thyroglobulin (Tg) to be integrated with fine-needle aspiration biopsy for early detection of lymph node metastases in thyroid cancer patients. The sensing platform detects Tg by a sandwich immunoassay involving a self-assembled surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate assisted by functionalized gold nanoparticles that provide additional Raman signal amplification and improved molecular specificity. Specifically, the SERS-active substrates were functionalized with Tg Capture antibodies and fabricated either on-chip or on optical fiber tips by nanosphere lithography. Gold nanoparticles were functionalized with Detection antibodies and conjugated with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, which serves as a Raman reporter. The sandwich assay platform was validated in the planar configuration and a detection limit as low as 7 pg/mL was successfully achieved. Careful morphological examination of the SERS substrates before and after Tg measurements further assessed the effective capture of nanoparticles and correlated the average nanoparticle coverage with the Tg concentration obtained by SERS measurements. The sandwich assay was successfully demonstrated on washout fluids of fine needle aspiration biopsies from cancer patients and confirmed the high specificity of the proposed methodology when complex biological matrices are considered. Finally, SERS optrodes were fabricated and successfully used to detect Tg concentration by applying the same bio-recognition strategy and Raman interrogation through an optical fiber. This opens the possibility of transferring the Tg detection approach to the optical fiber tip to develop point-of-care platforms that can be directly integrated into fine needle aspiration biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Spaziani
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy; Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - G Quero
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy; Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - S Managò
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), Second Unit, National Research Council, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Zito
- Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council, Naples Unit, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - D Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - P E Macchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - F Galeotti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (SCITEC), National Research Council, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - M Pisco
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy; Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - A C De Luca
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), Second Unit, National Research Council, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Cusano
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy; Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), 82100, Benevento, Italy
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Fackelmayer OJ, Inabnet WB. Lobectomy or Total Thyroidectomy-Where Is the Pendulum now for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2023; 32:373-381. [PMID: 36925191 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid surgery remains an essential treatment of thyroid cancer. The historical one-size-fits-all approach to differentiated (papillary and follicular) thyroid carcinoma of total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection has been shown to be overtreatment with associated risk of perioperative complications including nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism. Furthermore, thyroid lobectomy may obviate life-long thyroid hormone replacement. Low-risk thyroid cancers have a low risk of recurrence and those that do recur can be salvaged with reoperation without compromising prognosis. Perioperative risk stratification for recurrence and death greatly influence the need for total thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Fackelmayer
- Divsion of General, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA; General, Endocrine & Metabolic Surgery, University of Kentucky, 125 East Maxwell Street, Suite 302, Lexington, KY 40508, USA.
| | - William B Inabnet
- Divsion of General, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, UK HealthCare, 800 Rose Street, MN268, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
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Garo ML, Campennì A, Petranovic-Ovcaricek P, D’Aurizio F, Giovanella L. Evolution of thyroid cancer biomarkers: from laboratory test to patients’ clinical management. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 61:935-945. [PMID: 36370420 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Over the past three decades, laboratory medicine has significantly evolved thanks to technological advances made possible by new materials and evidence. Clinicians’ ongoing requests for powerful, rapid, and minimally invasive tests has led manufacturers to develop rapid, accurate, and sensitive tests that can increase diagnostic accuracy and improve follow-up, bringing laboratory medicine ever closer to personalized medicine. The aim of this study was to critically review the main problems of the current Tg and CT biomarkers for the diagnosis/monitoring of DTC and MTC, respectively, and to identify the advantages and challenges of using the new laboratory biomarkers in the clinical management of patients with differentiated and medullary thyroid cancer. Insufficient harmonization of Tg and CT assays and lack of interchangeability of laboratory results and cutoff values pose challenges for comparability and standardization of procedures and methods. New diagnostic and monitoring approaches such as PCT or the Tg doubling time have proven to be effective. Close collaboration between clinicians and laboratory specialists remains essential to translate the advantages and limitations of current assays into appropriate clinical interpretation criteria. Over the years, the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) has taken many steps to develop advanced research and technology in the diagnosis and monitoring of tumor cancer and to help clinicians translate it into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfredo Campennì
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Petra Petranovic-Ovcaricek
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine , University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Federica D’Aurizio
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital , Udine , Italy
| | - Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale , Bellinzona , Switzerland
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
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7
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Yang CY, Chen XW, Tang D, Yang WJ, Mi XX, Shi JP, Du WD. Hepatopulmonary metastases from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:4661-4668. [PMID: 35663055 PMCID: PMC9125277 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i14.4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) accounts for the majority of PTC cases. However, concurrent pulmonary and hepatic metastases of PTMC are rarely seen. Here, we present a patient with coexisting liver and lung metastases from PTMC. CASE SUMMARY We describe a 26-year-old woman with PTMC with multiple concurrent metastases. After 3 d of unexplained fever, she was admitted to our hospital. Her thyroid functional tests were abnormal. Her positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed increased fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) metabolism and space-occupying lesions in the left lobe of the thyroid. Additionally, PET/MRI images revealed multiple nodules in the lung and liver with increased FDG metabolism. Chest computer tomography (CT) showed multiple pulmonary metastases. Abdominal ultrasound and liver MRI showed multiple space-occupying lesions in the liver. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection. Postoperative pathological analysis showed a papillary microcarcinoma multiplex in the left lobe of the thyroid. A diagnosis of hepatopulmonary metastases from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma was made. The patient was given iodine-131 treatment one year after the surgery. She recovered well after the operation, and the incision healed well. After discharge, she was treated with oral levothyroxine sodium tablets, and symptomatic and supportive treatments were also given to promote radioactive excretion and prevent bone marrow suppression by iodine-131 treatment. CONCLUSION Since patients with thyroid cancer concurrent with hepatopulmonary metastases have rarely been reported, our case will highlight the clinical and pathological profiles of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuan-Wu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Mi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Ping Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Dong Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Giovanella L, Ceriani L, Garo ML. Is thyroglobulin a reliable biomarker of differentiated thyroid cancer in patients treated by lobectomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1091-1100. [PMID: 35475431 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognostic role of thyroglobulin in predicting recurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients treated by lobectomy is controversial. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to update the current evidence deepening the reliability of circulating thyroglobulin in assessing the early response and in predictive recurrence. METHODS The methodology was registered in the PROSPERO database under the protocol number CRD42021288189. A systematic search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from September to November 2021 without time and language restrictions. The literature search strategy was based on the following keywords: Thyroglobulin AND (Lobectomy OR Hemithyroidectomy). RESULTS After screening 273 articles, seven studies were included in the systematic review, and only six of them were included in the meta-analysis for a total of 2,455 patients. Circulating thyroglobulin was found non-reliable in assessing early response and predicting recurrence in patients with hemithyroidectomy, especially those with a low initial ATA classification. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not support serum thyroglobulin levels for monitoring patients with low-risk DTC treated with lobectomy, and weak evidence supports its role for intermediate- or high-risk patients. Studies with longer follow-up, different study designs, and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria are needed to evaluate the role of thyroglobulin in recurrence prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Ceriani
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Li N, Zhang J, Meng X, Yao W. Clinical Application Value of High-Frequency Ultrasound Combined with Detection of Serum High Mobility Group Box 1, Soluble IL-2 Receptor, and Thyroglobulin Antibody in Diagnosing Thyroid Cancer. J Healthc Eng 2022; 2022:7851436. [PMID: 35392142 PMCID: PMC8983246 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7851436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to explore the clinical application value of high-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum high mobility group box (HMGB-1), soluble IL-2 receptor (SIL-2R), and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) in diagnosing thyroid cancer. Methods By means of retrospective study, 50 thyroid cancer patients treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the thyroid cancer group, 50 patients with benign thyroid lesions were included in the benign lesion group, and 50 healthy individuals examined in our hospital in the same period were included in the control group. All study objects received high-frequency ultrasound examination, and at the same time, their serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb levels were measured. After that, the results of high-frequency ultrasound examination were analyzed, the diagnostic efficacy of different diagnosis methods was explored, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. Results According to the results of high-frequency ultrasound examination, there were significant differences in echogenicity surrounding and inside the lesion, calcification, blood flow distribution, and blood flow parameters between the thyroid cancer group and the benign lesion group (P < 0.001); the HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb levels were statistically different among the three groups (P < 0.001), and the level values of HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb of the thyroid cancer group were, respectively, (12.26 ± 1.32) ng/ml, (108.65 ± 9.75) pmol/L, and (690.65 ± 34.47) IU/mL; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of high-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb were, respectively, 98.0%, 95.0%, 90.7%, and 99.0%, and AUC (95%CI) = 0.965 (0.931-0.999). Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound combined with detection of serum HMGB-1, SIL-2R, and TgAb has a good value in diagnosing thyroid cancer, which should be promoted in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, 255022 Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Zibo Central Hospital, 255022 Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojiao Meng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, 255022 Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenliang Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, 255022 Zibo, Shandong Province, China
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Giovanella L, Deandreis D, Vrachimis A, Campenni A, Petranovic Ovcaricek P. Molecular Imaging and Theragnostics of Thyroid Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1272. [PMID: 35267580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging plays an important role in the evaluation and management of different thyroid cancer histotypes. The existing risk stratification models can be refined, by incorporation of tumor-specific molecular markers that have theranostic power, to optimize patient-specific (individualized) treatment decisions. Molecular imaging with varying radioisotopes of iodine (i.e., 131I, 123I, 124I) is an indispensable component of dynamic and theragnostic risk stratification of differentiated carcinoma (DTC) while [18F]F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) helps in addressing disease aggressiveness, detects distant metastases, and risk-stratifies patients with radioiodine-refractory DTC, poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers. For medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), a neuroendocrine tumor derived from thyroid C-cells, [18F]F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (6-[18F]FDOPA) PET/CT and/or [18F]FDG PET/CT can be used dependent on serum markers levels and kinetics. In addition to radioiodine therapy for DTC, some theragnostic approaches are promising for metastatic MTC as well. Moreover, new redifferentiation strategies are now available to restore uptake in radioiodine-refractory DTC while new theragnostic approaches showed promising preliminary results for advanced and aggressive forms of follicular-cell derived thyroid cancers (i.e., peptide receptor radiotherapy). In order to help clinicians put the role of molecular imaging into perspective, the appropriate role and emerging opportunities for molecular imaging and theragnostics in thyroid cancer are discussed in our present review.
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Cao Z, Zhang Z, Liu R, Wu M, Li Z, Xu X, Liu Z. Serum Linkage-Specific Sialylation Changes Are Potential Biomarkers for Monitoring and Predicting the Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Following Thyroidectomy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858325. [PMID: 35574008 PMCID: PMC9098836 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) could remain indolent, the recurrence rates after thyroidectomy are approximately 20%. There are currently no accurate serum biomarkers that can monitor and predict recurrence of PTC after thyroidectomy. This study aimed to explore novel serum biomarkers that are relevant to the monitoring and prediction of recurrence in PTC using N-glycomics. METHODS A high-throughput quantitative strategy based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to obtain serum protein N-glycomes of well-differentiated PTC, postoperative surveillance (PS), postoperative recurrence (PR), and matched healthy controls (HC) including linkage-specific sialylation information. RESULTS Serum N-glycan traits were found to differ among PTC, PS, PR, and HC. The differentially expressed N-glycan traits consisting of sixteen directly detected glycan traits and seven derived glycan traits indicated the response to surgical resection therapy and the potential for monitoring the PTC. Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides comprehensive evaluations of the serum N-glycomic changes in patients with PS or PR for the first time. Several candidate serum N-glycan biomarkers including the linkage-specific sialylation have been determined, some of which have potential in the prediction of recurrence in PTC, and others of which can help to explore and monitor the response to initial surgical resection therapy. The findings enhanced the comprehension of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zejian Zhang
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zepeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiequn Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiequn Xu, ; Ziwen Liu,
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