1
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Liu S. Bioinformatics analysis identifies GLUD1 as a prognostic indicator for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:70. [PMID: 38245763 PMCID: PMC10799526 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common primary tumor of the kidney and is divided into three major subtypes, of which clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has the highest incidence. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) encodes glutamate dehydrogenase 1, which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of glutamate. METHODS We analyzed TCGA data using R language software and used multiple online databases to explore the relationship of GLUD1 with signaling pathways and drug sensitivity as well as GLUD1 protein expression and methylation. RESULTS The results showed that GLUD1 mRNA expression was reduced in tumor tissues and correlated with the progression of ccRCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis showed that GLUD1 could be used as a prognostic marker for ccRCC. GLUD1 expression in ccRCC was associated with immune cells infiltration and multiple classical signaling pathways. In addition, GLUD1 mRNA expression was related to drug sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new ideas for finding new prognostic molecular markers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Jarocki M, Karska J, Kowalski S, Kiełb P, Nowak Ł, Krajewski W, Saczko J, Kulbacka J, Szydełko T, Małkiewicz B. Interleukin 17 and Its Involvement in Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11174973. [PMID: 36078902 PMCID: PMC9457171 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11174973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, molecular and immunological research is essential for the better understanding of tumor cells pathophysiology. The increasing number of neoplasms has been taken under ‘the molecular magnifying glass’ and, therefore, it is possible to discover complex relationships between the cytophysiology and immune system action. An example could be renal cell carcinoma (RCC) which has deep interactions with immune mediators such as Interleukin 17 (IL-17)—an inflammatory cytokine reacting to tissue damage and external pathogens. RCC is one of the most fatal urological cancers because of its often late diagnosis and poor susceptibility to therapies. IL-17 and its relationship with tumors is extremely complex and constitutes a recent topic for numerous studies. What is worth highlighting is IL-17’s dual character in cancer development—it could be pro- as well as anti-tumorigenic. The aim of this review is to summarize the newest data considering multiple connections between IL-17 and RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Jarocki
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Karska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Kowalski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Kiełb
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Nowak
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-506-158-136
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3
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Mennitto A, Zattarin E, Di Maio M, Bimbatti D, De Giorgi U, Buti S, Santini D, Casadei C, Sorarù M, Messina C, Mucciarini C, Di Lorenzo G, Roviello G, Buttigliero C, Stellato M, Sepe P, Claps M, Guadalupi V, Ottini A, Pignata S, De Braud FG, Verzoni E, Procopio G. Cabozantinib beyond progression improves survival in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients: the CABEYOND study (Meet-URO 21). Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 22:115-121. [PMID: 34738499 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2002688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabozantinib improves survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) after prior antiangiogenics. The best treatment at disease progression (PD) is unknown. Being also a AXL/MET inhibitor, involved in acquired resistance, we hypothesized a prolonged tumor growth control in patients continuing cabozantinib despite PD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective multicenter study enrolled patients receiving cabozantinib after the first line between 2014 and 2020. We compared patients maintaining cabozantinib after first PD due to clinical benefit and good tolerability with those who changed therapy. The postprogression survival (PPS) of both was our primary endpoint. RESULTS We analyzed 89 patients: 45 received cabozantinib beyond PD and 44 switched therapy. 40.4%, 31.5%, and 28.1% of patients received 1, 2, or >2 prior treatment, respectively. 84.3% were intermediate-poor International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database risk. Patients continuing cabozantinib showed a higher response rate to cabozantinib before PD (46.7% vs 25%, p = 0.03) and were more heavily pretreated. Continuing cabozantinib showed a significantly longer PPS compared with switching therapy (median PPS 16.9 vs 13.2 months, HR 0.66, 95%CI 0.48-0.92, p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS We observed longer PPS in patients continuing cabozantinib beyond PD, suggesting that this could be an effective option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Mennitto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Bimbatti
- Medical Oncology 1 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto Iov Irccs, Padua, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori (Irst), Irccs, Meldola, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori (Irst), Irccs, Meldola, Italy
| | - Mariella Sorarù
- Medical Oncology, Camposampiero Hospital, Camposampiero (Padua), Italy
| | - Carlo Messina
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Oncology Unit, Andrea Tortora Hospital, ASL Salerno, Pagani, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marco Stellato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Ottini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Irccs Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo G De Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Oncology and Hemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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4
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Wang CH, Li CS, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Mu HD, Bao GC. The efficacy evaluation of partial nephrectomy with selective renal artery branch occlusion by laparoscopy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26581. [PMID: 34190202 PMCID: PMC8257873 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the clinical application and effect of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with renal artery branch occlusion in the treatment of early renal tumors. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 15 cases of renal tumor patients who underwent partial nephrectomy by laparoscopic selective renal artery branch occlusion in our department from January 2017 to January 2018. Nine male patients and 6 female patients were aged 46 to 65 years, with an average age of 54.3 ± 7.2 years. The diameters of tumors were 2.2 to 4.0 cm, with an average of 3.3 ± 0.7 cm. There are 10 tumors locating on the left side and 5 on the right side. Preoperative renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were 77.3 to 61.9 mL/min with an average of 47.6 ± 7.5 mL/min. All patients' diseased kidneys underwent renal computer tomography angiography examination before surgery. And the diseased kidney underwent reexamination of renal GFR. The operation time, renal artery branch occlusion time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, changes of renal function, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS All surgery were completed successfully, the surgery time was 136.7 ± 15.2 min, intraoperative renal artery branch occlusion time was 21.3 ± 4.5 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 223.3 ± 69.5 mL, the postoperative hospital stay was 6.5 ± 1.7 days, and the postoperative 1-month GFR was 49.5 ± 6.6 mL/min. There was no significant difference between the renal GFR before and after surgery (P > .05). There was no blood transfusion and transfer open surgery cases. The patients were followed up for 3 to 15 months without complications. CONCLUSIONS Partial nephrectomy with selective renal artery branch occlusion by laparoscopy is a safe, feasible, and effective method for the treatment of early renal cancer. It makes good use of the technical advantages of clear operation field and fine operation of laparoscopic surgery, avoids the heat ischemia process of the whole kidney, and can better protect the renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hui Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ha-Da Mu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Guo-Chang Bao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, No. 42 Wangfu Street, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
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5
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Mennitto A, Verzoni E, Cognetti F, Miceli R, Milella M, Mosca A, Chiuri VE, Bearz A, Morelli F, Ortega C, Atzori F, Donini M, Claps M, Guadalupi V, Sepe P, Cappelletti V, de Braud FG, Procopio G. Radical metastasectomy followed by sorafenib versus observation in patients withclear cell renal cell carcinoma: extended follow -up of efficacy results from the randomized phase II RESORT trial. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:261-268. [PMID: 33472450 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1879639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The RESORT trial showed no longer relapse free survival (RFS) with sorafenib following radical metastasectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We present the updated 42-month follow-up data.Methods: The phase II RESORT trial randomized patients to sorafenib or observation within 12 weeks from surgery. RFS was the primary endpoint.Results: We analyzed 68 patients (32 in sorafenib and 36 in the observation arm), randomized between November 2012 and November 2017. Eighty-one percent in the sorafenib arm and 80% in the observation arm had one metastasis . At a median follow-up of 42 months (interquartile range 31-58), in the observation arm the median RFS was 35 months, RFS probability was 57% (95% CI 42-76%) at 24 and 44% (95% CI 30-65%) at 48 months. In the sorafenib arm, median RFS was 21 months, RFS probability was 50% (95% CI 34-71%) at 24 and 32% (95% CI 18-57%) at 48 months (p = 0.342;HR 1.35;95% CI 0.72-2.54). Forty-seven percent and 37.5% of the patients in the two arms, respectively, are disease free. The site of relapses was independent of the previous metastasectomy site.Expert commentary: Sorafenib after metastasectomy did not improve RFS, but surgery in selected patients should be considered in order to potentially improve survival.Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT0144480.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mennitto
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E Verzoni
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - F Cognetti
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - R Miceli
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Milella
- Department of Medicine, Medical Oncology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Mosca
- Multidisciplinary Oncology Outpatient Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - V E Chiuri
- Medical Oncology Department, Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Lecce, Italy
| | - A Bearz
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - F Morelli
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - C Ortega
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ospedale S. Lazzaro ASL CN2 Alba-Bra, Cuneo, Italy
| | - F Atzori
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Donini
- Medical Oncology Department, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - M Claps
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - V Guadalupi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P Sepe
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - V Cappelletti
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F G de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Oncology and Hemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Procopio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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6
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Zhu M, Zou L, Lu F, Ye L, Su B, Yang K, Lin M, Fu J, Li Y. miR-142-5p promotes renal cell tumorigenesis by targeting TFAP2B. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:324. [PMID: 33123240 PMCID: PMC7583739 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor AP-2 β (TFAP2B) serves an important role in kidney development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate carcinogenic pathways and have gained increasing attention owing to their association with human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumorigenesis. However, whether miRNAs could affect renal cell tumorigenesis by regulating TFAP2B expression has not been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miRNA on TFAP2B and its potential role in cell growth, invasion and migration. PCR, western blot and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to analyze the effects of miR-142-5p on TFAP2B. Furthermore, MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell migration assays were used to analyze the effect of miR-142-5p on cell proliferation and migration. The results demonstrated that miR-142-5p targeted TFAP2B and downregulated the expression of TFAP2B at the mRNA and protein levels, promoting cell proliferation and migration in two ccRCC cell lines, 786-O and A-498. This phenomenon supported the theory that miR-142-5p may function as an oncogene in ccRCC. The potential clinical significance of miR-142-5p as a biomarker and a therapeutic target provides rationale for further investigation into miR-142-5p-mediated molecular pathways and how these may be associated with ccRCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoshu Zhu
- The Central Laboratory, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Liangneng Zou
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Pharmacy Education, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Kaichun Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Lin
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Jianqian Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Yongwu Li
- Department of Emergency, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
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7
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Huang Z, Ding Y, Zhang L, He S, Jia Z, Gu C, Wang T, Li H, Li X, Jin Z, Ding Y, Yang J. Upregulated circPDK1 Promotes RCC Cell Migration and Invasion by Regulating the miR-377-3P-NOTCH1 Axis in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11237-11252. [PMID: 33173313 PMCID: PMC7648593 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s280434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel clusters of endogenous noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes in diverse types of cancers. However, the roles and precise mechanisms of circRNAs in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occurrence and progression have not been clearly elucidated. Methods We identified the aberrantly expressed circRNAs in RCC by high-throughput RNA-seq assay and used qRT-PCR to test the expression level of circRNAs in RCC tissues. Loss-of-function experiments were executed to detect the biological roles of circPDK1 in the RCC cells both in vivo and in vitro. RNA Fish, luciferase reporter assays and Western blotting were used to explore the molecular mechanism of circPDK1 function. All data were expressed as the means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Student’s t-test, one-way ANOVA, Cox regression, an LSD-t-test, Pearson’s chi-squared test, a Log-rank test, and linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the group differences. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results CircPDK1 was overexpressed in RCC tissues and positively associated with patient tumor metastasis and renal cell invasion. The in vivo functional assays also revealed that circPDK1 drove RCC xenograft metastasis. CircPDK1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm, serving as a sponge of miR-377-3P to regulate RCC invasion and metastasis through NOTCH1 (Notch Homolog 1). Ectopic express of NOTCH1 in RCC cell lines will block the metastasis inhibition effect after circPDK1 knockdown. Conclusion CircPDK1 is aberrantly expressed in RCC and promotes the metastasis of RCC cells mainly through sponging miR-377-3P and reducing its negative regulation of NOTCH1. Thus, circPDK1 may act as a therapeutic target and biomarker for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Ding
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 42000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhankui Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohui Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Ding
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, People's Republic of China
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8
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Maleki Dana P, Reiter RJ, Hallajzadeh J, Asemi Z, Mansournia MA, Yousefi B. Melatonin as a potential inhibitor of kidney cancer: A survey of the molecular processes. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2355-2365. [PMID: 32918860 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that despite the decreasing mortality rates of kidney cancer patients, its incidence is increasing. Therefore, a comprehensive re-evaluation of treatment options is necessary to provide appropriate treatments for the increasing number of patients. Moreover, the side effects caused by surgery, which is the main treatment of this disease, may lead to higher morbidity rates. Consequently, new safer approaches must be examined and considered. Major advancements have been made in the field of targeted agents as well as treatments based on immunotherapy since renal cell carcinoma (RCC) does not respond well to chemotherapy. While the therapeutic options for this cancer are increasing, the resulting complexity of selecting the best strategy for treating the patients is daunting. Moreover, each therapeutic option must be evaluated concerning toxicity, cost, and clinical advantages. Several characteristics, which are beneficial for cancer therapies have been attributed to melatonin. For decades, investigations have explored the application of melatonin in the treatment of cancer; insufficient attention has been paid to this molecule at the clinical level. Melatonin plays a role in cancer therapy due to its anti-tumor effects as well as by enhancing the efficacy of other drugs as an adjuvant. In this review, we discuss different roles of melatonin in the treatment of kidney cancer. The studies concerned with the applications of melatonin as an adjuvant in the immunotherapy of patients with kidney cancer are summarized. Also, we highlight the apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects of melatonin on renal cancer cells which are mediated by different molecules (e.g., HIF-1 and VEGF, ADAMTS1, and MMP-9) and signaling pathways (e.g., P56, P52, and JNK). Furthermore, we take a look into available data on melatonin's ability to reduce the toxicities caused by kidney carcinogens, including ochratoxin A, potassium bromate, and Fe-NTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jamal Hallajzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Cui Y, Cao Y, Cao M, Chen X, Liu G, Chen H. Efficacy and safety of apatinib monotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients: A single-arm observational study. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:936.e1-936.e6. [PMID: 32839081 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiangiogenic treatments play an important role in the therapeutic strategy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Apatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of apatinib therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients. METHODS Between January 2018 and November 2018, we enrolled 53 metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients. Apatinib was administered at an initial dose of 500 mg once daily. The disease control rate, objective response rate, progression-free survival, and adverse events were reviewed and evaluated. FINDINGS Among the 53 patients, 14 achieved partial response and 31 achieved stable disease. Thus, the disease control rate was 84.9% and the objective response rate was 26.4%. The median progression-free survival was 11.2 months (95% confidence interval: 9.884-12.574). Most of the adverse events (AEs) were at grade 1 or 2, and the main grade 3 AEs were hypertension (5.7%), anemia (3.8%), and thrombocytopenia (3.8%). INTERPRETATION Apatinib showed promising efficacy and manageable toxicity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients, giving potent evidence to conduct further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Cao
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Muyang Cao
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xueting Chen
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Guobin Liu
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China.
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10
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Raimondi A, Sepe P, Zattarin E, Mennitto A, Stellato M, Claps M, Guadalupi V, Verzoni E, de Braud F, Procopio G. Predictive Biomarkers of Response to Immunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1644. [PMID: 32903369 PMCID: PMC7434861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the last decades, the therapeutic decision-making approach to metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) has dramatically changed thanks to the introduction in the treatment scenario of, first, anti-angiogenic agents and, afterward, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Immunotherapy is now the standard of care in pretreated mRCC patients and has recently entered even the first line setting. Nevertheless, in mRCC as well as in other tumor settings, a durable and clinically meaningful benefit from treatment with ICIs is not obtained for all patients treated. Therefore, the necessity to identify and validate predictive biomarkers of response to immunotherapy has emerged, in order to design the optimal treatment strategy for mRCC patients. Discussion In this review, we present and discuss the most promising predictive biomarkers of response to ICIs in mRCC with the recent data available. In details, the first marker that was investigated is the immunohistochemical expression of programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1), showing a negative prognostic role in mRCC, but the debate about its potential predictive value is still open. Additionally, the high heterogeneity in PD-L1 determination methods adds complexity to this issue. Second, the tumor mutational or neoantigen burden is an emerging biomarker of increased response to immunotherapy, hypothesizing that the higher the TMB, the higher is the production of neoantigens, and thus the stimulation of anti-tumor immune response, even though controversial results have been obtained. Third, the tumor microenvironment, namely the different populations of the immune infiltrate, plays a key role in tumor progression and in the response to immunotherapy. Finally, several studies have collected evidence on the potential association of the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) with the benefit from ICIs, first in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma, and recently even in mRCC. Conclusion Several promising biomarkers of response to immunotherapy with ICIs have been identified, though without conclusive results upon their potential predictive value in mRCC. Therefore, the results of the exploratory analyses of the recently presented first-line trials and hopefully of future prospective, biomarker-driven studies could provide useful tools to be applied in the everyday clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Raimondi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mennitto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stellato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Oncology and Hemato-Oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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11
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Sun H, Zhang T, Liu R, Cao W, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Qian W, Wang D, Yu D, Zhong C. Resveratrol Inhibition of Renal Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics and Modulation of the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1157-1167. [PMID: 32586140 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1784966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Renal cell cancers typically exhibit high metastasis and recurrence, and this is thought to be due to renal cancer stem cells (CSCs). Meanwhile, aberrant activation of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is linked with CSCs. Resveratrol has direct or indirect impacts on the pathological activities of CSCs. However, the effects of resveratrol on renal CSCs remain to be elucidated. METHODS We cultured renal CSCs in serum-free medium. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of related proteins. The mRNA changes were detected by qRT-PCR after resveratrol treatment. The CD133+ cells were quantified by flow cytometry analysis. Immunofluorescence staining images showed the changes in CD44 and Smoothened expression in the cell spheres. RESULTS Renal CSCs were enriched by tumorsphere formation assays of ACHN and 786-O cells. Resveratrol treatments markedly decreased the size and number of cell spheres and downregulated the expression of the Shh pathway-related proteins and CSCs markers. Moreover, we observed that resveratrol inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis, while purmorphamine upregulated the Shh pathway and weakened the effects of resveratrol on renal CSCs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that resveratrol is a potential novel therapeutic agent that targets inactivation of renal CSCs by affecting the function of the Shh pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Sun
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Taotao Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanshuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Qian
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dengdian Wang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Donini M, Buti S, Massari F, Mollica V, Rizzo A, Montironi R, Bersanelli M, Santoni M. Management of oligometastatic and oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma: state of the art and future directions. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:491-501. [PMID: 32479120 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1770601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this paper was to perform a narrative review of the literature on the available approaches in the treatment of two emerging subpopulations of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients: the oligometastatic disease (less than 5 metastasis) and the oligoprogressive disease, defined as worsening in maximum 3-5 sites while all other tumor sites are controlled by systemic therapy. AREAS COVERED We explore all possible approaches in these settings of patients: the role of local therapies, considering both surgical metastasectomy and/or ablative techniques, the efficacy of systemic therapies and the rationale behind active surveillance. We also discuss ongoing clinical trials in these settings. EXPERT OPINION Two different strategies are emerging as the most promising for the approach to the oligometastatic/oligoprogressive mRCC patient: (1) the use of immunocheckpoint inhibitors following metastasectomy; (2) the use of stereotactic radiotherapy alone or combined with immunotherapy for oligometastatic disease. The lack of validated biomarkers of response in these mRCC patient subpopulations is opening the way to the employment of novel technologies. Among them, the use of artificial intelligence seems to be the candidate to contribute to precision oncology in patients with mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Donini
- Division of Oncology, Medical Department, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) of Cremona , Cremona, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma , Parma, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Mollica
- Division of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital , Bologna, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals , Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Santoni
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals , Ancona, Italy.,Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital , Macerata, Italy
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13
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Sinclair G, Stenman M, Benmakhlouf H, Johnstone P, Wersäll P, Lindskog M, Hatiboglu MA, Harmenberg U. Adaptive radiosurgery based on two simultaneous dose prescriptions in the management of large renal cell carcinoma brain metastases in critical areas: Towards customization. Surg Neurol Int 2020; 11:21. [PMID: 32123609 PMCID: PMC7049890 DOI: 10.25259/sni_275_2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The long-term benefits of local therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been widely documented. In this context, single fraction gamma knife radiosurgery (SF-GKRS) is routinely used in the management of brain metastases. However, SF-GKRS is not always feasible due to volumetric and regional constraints. We intend to illustrate how a dose-volume adaptive hypofractionated GKRS technique based on two concurrent dose prescriptions termed rapid rescue radiosurgery (RRR) can be utilized in this particular scenario. Case Description: A 56-year-old man presented with left-sided hemiparesis; the imaging showed a 13.1 cc brain metastasis in the right central sulcus (Met 1). Further investigation confirmed the histology to be a metastatic clear cell RCC. Met 1 was treated with upfront RRR. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 10 months showed further volume regression of Met 1; however, concurrently, a new 17.3 cc lesion was reported in the boundaries of the left frontotemporal region (Met 2) as well as a small metastasis (<1 cc) in the left temporal lobe (Met 3). Met 2 and Met 3 underwent RRR and SF-GKRS, respectively. Results: Gradual and sustained tumor ablation of Met 1 and Met 2 was demonstrated on a 20 months long follow- up. The patient succumbed to extracranial disease 21 months after the treatment of Met 1 without evidence of neurological impairment post-RRR. Conclusion: Despite poor prognosis and precluding clinical factors (failing systemic treatment, eloquent location, and radioresistant histology), RRR provided optimal tumor ablation and salvage of neurofunction with limited toxicity throughout follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Sinclair
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurosurgery, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Oncology, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - M Stenman
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H Benmakhlouf
- Departments of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Johnstone
- Department of Oncology, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - P Wersäll
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Lindskog
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M A Hatiboglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - U Harmenberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Yan M, Gregg R, Mahmud A. Outcomes of Multi-disciplinary Management of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2019; 11:e5901. [PMID: 31763103 PMCID: PMC6850746 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is associated with a poor prognosis. It is traditionally a treatment-resistant disease necessitating multi-modal treatment and close follow-up. We herein report a case of mRCC in a patient who was managed closely by a multi-disciplinary team and still retained a very good performance status and treatment response three years after diagnosis. We highlight the importance of close monitoring, switching systemic therapies at progression, early palliative radiotherapy, and patient education in controlling disease burden and maintaining quality of life in patients with mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yan
- Radiation Oncology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, CAN
| | - Richard Gregg
- Oncology, Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario at Queen's University, Kingston, CAN
| | - Aamer Mahmud
- Radiation Oncology, Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario at Queen's University, Kingston, CAN
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15
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miR-26 suppresses renal cell cancer via down-regulating coronin-3. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 463:137-146. [PMID: 31595425 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Coronin-3 (coronin-1C), a homotrimer F-actin-binding protein, has been reported to be important for metastasis in several types of cancers such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. Here, we present an investigation of the expression and function of coronin-3 in renal cell cancer for the first time. We also confirmed that miR-26 directly targets coronin-3 and down-regulates its expression by western blot assay and dual-luciferase reporter system. The results of MTT and colony formation assay showed that miR-26 suppressed cell proliferation. Wound healing and transwell assay revealed that miR-26 inhibited migration and invasion of renal cancer cell. Moreover, overexpression of coronin-3 could reverse the miR-26-induced inhibition in cell growth and metastasis. Thus, our study suggests that coronin-3 should serve as a potential therapeutic target in renal cell cancer and provide a candidate for miRNA therapy.
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16
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Procopio G, Apollonio G, Cognetti F, Miceli R, Milella M, Mosca A, Chiuri VE, Bearz A, Morelli F, Ortega C, Atzori F, Donini M, Ratta R, Raimondi A, Claps M, Martinetti A, Capitanio U, de Braud FG, Cappelletti V, Verzoni E. Sorafenib Versus Observation Following Radical Metastasectomy for Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from the Phase 2 Randomized Open-label RESORT Study. Eur Urol Oncol 2019; 2:699-707. [PMID: 31542243 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In selected metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients, radical metastasectomy followed by observation is a potential strategy. It is still to be defined whether systemic therapy should be administered following metastasectomy. OBJECTIVE To assess the potential benefit of postoperative treatment with sorafenib compared with observation alone after radical metastasectomy in mRCC patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The RESORT trial was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 study conducted between November 2012 and November 2017 in Italy. Patients with clear-cell mRCC pretreated with nephrectomy and undergoing radical metastasectomy (three or fewer lesions) were eligible for the study. Patients were randomized (1:1) within 12 wk from metastasectomy to sorafenib (standard dose 400 mg twice daily) or observation for a maximum of 52 wk. Stratification factors were interval from nephrectomy, site, and number of lesions. Overall, 76 patients were screened and 69 were randomized: 33 were assigned to sorafenib and 36 to observation. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Secondary endpoints were overall survival and the safety profile. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS RFS curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to statistically compare the curves. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS At a median follow-up of 38 mo, median RFS was 37 mo (95% confidence interval [CI] 20-not available [NA]) in the observation arm versus 21 mo (95% CI 11-NA) in the sorafenib arm (log-rank test p = 0.404), with 12-, 24-, and 36-mo RFS probability of 74% versus 63%, 59% versus 49%, and 50% versus 41%, respectively, in the observation versus the sorafenib arm. Any-grade adverse event (AE) rates were 84% in the sorafenib arm and 31% in the observation arm; grade ≥3 AE rates were 22% and 3% in the sorafenib and the observation arm, respectively, with a rate of treatment discontinuation for AEs of 19% in the sorafenib arm. CONCLUSIONS This prospective study showed that systemic treatment with sorafenib did not increase RFS as compared with observation in mRCC patients following radical metastasectomy. PATIENT SUMMARY This article reports the clinical outcome of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sorafenib or managed with an observation-alone strategy after the radical surgery of metastases. We found that sorafenib did not improve the patient outcome in terms of relapse-free survival in this selected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulia Apollonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Miceli
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mosca
- Department of Oncology, Maggiore Della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Bearz
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Franco Morelli
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ortega
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto per la Ricerca e la Cura del Cancro di Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Atzori
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maddalena Donini
- Medical Oncology Department, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ratta
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Raimondi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Martinetti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Capitanio
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo G de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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17
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Raimondi A, Randon G, Sepe P, Claps M, Verzoni E, de Braud F, Procopio G. The Evaluation of Response to Immunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Open Challenges in the Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174263. [PMID: 31480348 PMCID: PMC6747319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has changed the therapeutic scenario of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), however the evaluation of disease response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors is still an open challenge. Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria are the cornerstone of response assessment to anti-neoplastic treatments, but the use of anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD1) and other immunotherapeutic agents has shown atypical patterns of response such as pseudoprogression. Therefore, immune-modified criteria have been developed in order to more accurately categorize the disease response, even though their use in the everyday clinical practice is still limited. In this review we summarize the available evidence on this topic, with particular focus on the application of immune-modified criteria in the setting of mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Raimondi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Randon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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18
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Apollonio G, Raimondi A, Verzoni E, Claps M, Sepe P, Pagani F, Ratta R, Montorsi F, De Braud FGM, Procopio G. The role of metastasectomy in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:603-611. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1625772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Apollonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Raimondi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Pagani
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ratta
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Urology Department, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
CONTEXT.— Core biopsy has been increasingly used for clinical decision-making in the management of patients with renal masses. The sensitivity and specificity of histologic diagnoses of renal mass biopsies depend on many factors such as adequate sampling and tissue processing, diagnostic skill and experience, and appropriate use of ancillary techniques. OBJECTIVE.— To review the indications, emphasize the importance of obtaining adequate diagnostic material, and introduce a general diagnostic approach, in conjunction with immunohistochemistry, in diagnosis of renal mass biopsies. DATA SOURCES.— Literature review and personal experiences in daily practice and consultation diagnosis of renal masses in a large tertiary medical center. CONCLUSIONS.— For renal mass biopsies, it is critical to obtain adequate diagnostic material and establish a standard laboratory procedure in working with small biopsy specimens. The key for the diagnosis is to be familiar with different tumor entities with characteristic morphology and to understand the wide spectrum of tumor heterogeneity. By developing a systematic approach, one can categorize the tumor and create a sensible differential diagnosis based on the growth pattern and cellular morphology. Immunohistochemistry is particularly helpful for renal mass biopsy diagnosis in selected situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven S Shen
- From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jae Y Ro
- From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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20
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Comparisons of percutaneous versus retroperitoneoscopic cryoablation for renal masses. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1407-1415. [PMID: 30022280 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preserving renal function and controlling oncological outcomes are pertinent while managing renal tumours. We compared outcomes of percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) and retroperitoneoscopic cryoablation (RCA) in patients with renal neoplasms. METHODS We identified 108 patients with renal tumours at two medical centres, where 63 patients received PCA and 45 patients underwent RCA from August 2009 to July 2015, and they were followed up until February 2017. We compared preoperative and postoperative parameters, namely gender, systemic diseases, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, body mass index (BMI), haemoglobin, the estimated glomerular filtration rate, tumour size, operative time, tumour type, Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications, and tumour recurrence, by using an independent sample t test, Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, a Mann-Whitney test, and a generalised linear model. RESULTS Based on baseline characteristics, we found that the patients in the PCA group were older and had higher BMI than those in the RCA group, whereas the patients in the RCA group had more comorbidities than those in the PCA group. Retroperitoneoscopic and percutaneous methods had similar operative times, blood transfusion rates, postoperative fever episodes, and complication rates for either minor or major complications. However, the percutaneous method was associated with a shorter length of stay. No patient experienced deterioration in renal function until 2 years after both procedures. Impaired renal function was found in both groups in the 3-year follow-up. In both groups, tumour recurrence was significant for tumours > 4 cm. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that both cryoablation methods (PCA and RCA) are safe and effective for renal cell carcinoma. Favourable oncological control was achieved in both groups if the renal tumour size was ≤ 4 cm.
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