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Beck McGreevy P, Wood S, Thomson E, Burmeister C, Spence H, Pelletier J, Giesinger W, McDougall J, McLeod R, Hutchison A, Lock K, Norton A, Barker B, Urbanoski K, Slaunwhite A, Nosyk B, Pauly B. Doing community-based research during dual public health emergencies (COVID and overdose). Harm Reduct J 2023; 20:135. [PMID: 37715202 PMCID: PMC10504762 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Meaningful engagement and partnerships with people who use drugs are essential to conducting research that is relevant and impactful in supporting desired outcomes of drug consumption as well as reducing drug-related harms of overdose and COVID-19. Community-based participatory research is a key strategy for engaging communities in research that directly affects their lives. While there are growing descriptions of community-based participatory research with people who use drugs and identification of key principles for conducting research, there is a gap in relation to models and frameworks to guide research partnerships with people who use drugs. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for research partnerships between people who use drugs and academic researchers, collaboratively developed and implemented as part of an evaluation of a provincial prescribed safer supply initiative introduced during dual public health emergencies (overdose and COVID-19) in British Columbia, Canada. The framework shifts from having researchers choose among multiple models (advisory, partnership and employment) to incorporating multiple roles within an overall community-based participatory research approach. Advocacy by and for drug users was identified as a key role and reason for engaging in research. Overall, both academic researchers and Peer Research Associates benefited within this collaborative partnerships approach. Each offered their expertise, creating opportunities for omni-directional learning and enhancing the research. The shift from fixed models to flexible roles allows for a range of involvement that accommodates varying time, energy and resources. Facilitators of involvement include development of trust and partnering with networks of people who use drugs, equitable pay, a graduate-level research assistant dedicated to ongoing orientation and communication, technical supports as well as fluidity in roles and opportunities. Key challenges included working in geographically dispersed locations, maintaining contact and connection over the course of the project and ensuring ongoing sustainable but flexible employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoenix Beck McGreevy
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Shawn Wood
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Erica Thomson
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
- BCYADWS (BC Yukon Association of Drug War Survivors), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Charlene Burmeister
- PWLLE Stakeholder Engagement Lead, Professionals for Ethical Engagement of Peers (PEEP), BC Centre for Disease Control, Provincial Health Services Authority, Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
- CSUN (Coalition of Substance Users of the North), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Heather Spence
- KANDU (Knowledging All Nations and Developing Unity), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Josh Pelletier
- KANDU (Knowledging All Nations and Developing Unity), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Willow Giesinger
- BCYADWS (BC Yukon Association of Drug War Survivors), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jenny McDougall
- CSUN (Coalition of Substance Users of the North), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Rebecca McLeod
- CSUN (Coalition of Substance Users of the North), Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Abby Hutchison
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Kurt Lock
- BCCDC (British Columbia Centre for Disease Control) Harm Reduction Program, 655 West 12Th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Alexa Norton
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
- First Nations Health Authority, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brittany Barker
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
- First Nations Health Authority, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Karen Urbanoski
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada
| | - Amanda Slaunwhite
- BCCDC (British Columbia Centre for Disease Control) Harm Reduction Program, 655 West 12Th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Bohdan Nosyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Blusson Hall, Room 11300, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Bernie Pauly
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, 2300 McKenzie Ave, Victoria, BC, V8N 5M8, Canada.
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, Box 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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Lee CN, Matthew RA, Orpinas P. Design, implementation, and evaluation of community health worker training programs in Latinx communities: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:382-405. [PMID: 35716392 PMCID: PMC10084025 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This review examines the current reporting trends of program design, implementation, and evaluation of training programs for Latinx community health workers. Five scholarly databases were searched using a scoping review methodology to identify articles describing training programs for Latinx community health workers. The timeframe was 2009 to 2021. We identified 273 articles, with 59 meeting inclusion criteria. Researchers thematically coded the articles to identify reporting strategies related to program design, implementation, and evaluation. Findings suggest a lack of consensus in reporting elements critical to program resources, instructor qualifications, frequency and length of training implementation, theoretical background, and pedagogical tools associated with the training program. We offer detailed reporting recommendations of community health worker training programs to support the consistent dissemination of promising practices and facilitate the initiation of new programs for Latinx community health workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina N. Lee
- Department of Anthropology, Franklin College of Arts and ScienceUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - Pamela Orpinas
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public HealthUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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Campbell R, Fehler-Cabral G, Pierce SJ, Sharma DB, Shaw J, Horsford S, Feeney H. Changing the Criminal Justice System Response to Sexual Assault: An Empirical Study of a Participatory Action Research Project. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 67:166-178. [PMID: 32511777 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In jurisdictions throughout the United States, thousands of sexual assault kits (SAKs; also known as a "rape kits") have not been submitted by the police for forensic DNA testing. DNA evidence may be helpful to sexual assault investigations and prosecutions by identifying perpetrators, revealing serial offenders through DNA matches across cases, and exonerating those who have been wrongly accused. This paper describes a longitudinal action research project conducted in Detroit, Michigan after that city discovered approximately 11,000 untested sexual assault kits in a police department storage facility. We conducted a root cause analysis to examine individual, organizational, community, and societal factors that contributed to the development of the rape kit backlog in Detroit. Based on those findings, we implemented and evaluated structural changes to increase staffing, promote kit testing, and retrain police and prosecutors so that cases could be reopened for investigation and prosecution. As we conducted this work, we also studied how this action research project impacted the Detroit criminal justice system. Participating in this project changed stakeholders' attitudes about the utility of research to address community problems, the usefulness of DNA evidence in sexual assault cases, and the impact of trauma on survivors. The results led to new protocols for SAK testing and police investigations, and new state legislation mandating SAK forensic DNA testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Campbell
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Steven J Pierce
- Center for Statistical Training & Consulting, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Dhruv B Sharma
- Center for Statistical Training & Consulting, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jessica Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Matthew RA, Orpinas P, Calva A, Bermudez JM, Darbisi C. Lazos Hispanos: Promising Strategies and Lessons Learned in the Development of a Multisystem, Community-Based Promotoras Program. J Prim Prev 2020; 41:229-243. [PMID: 32240452 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-020-00587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
U.S. Latinos face multiple inter-related barriers to access health and social services. Researchers and practitioners have called upon community-based participatory research (CBPR) to address such challenges and health disparities, with the community health worker-or promotoras-model evidencing positive outcomes. What is less clear, however, are the promising strategies to support the development of a multisystem, community-based promotoras program. In response, the current study applied a CBPR conceptual model as an organizing framework to develop a promotora program. Lazos Hispanos (Hispanic Links) was developed to enhance the health and well-being of Latinx residing in low-income communities in the Southeastern United States. This study highlights 16 lessons learned, anchored in the first two dimensions of the CBPR conceptual model: community context and partnership development. First, the community assessment and activities leading to Lazos Hispanos took nearly 2 years but were crucial to develop a strong basis for the program. Second, the development of a multicultural and interdisciplinary research team enriched every aspect of the program and enhanced culturally responsive community engagement. Selection, training, and ongoing support of the promotoras were fundamental to program success. Particularly important were the following: receiving mentorship from a successful promotora organization; delineating mutually agreed upon roles and responsibilities; following national training standards for community health workers; and, holding monthly meetings for training, support, and data collection. The engagement of community service providers as partners was facilitated by building upon existing community relationships, signing a memorandum of understanding that specified roles and responsibilities, conducting tours of provider facilities with the promotoras, and keeping providers abreast of the program via bi-annual community gatherings. The development process showed fidelity to the conceptual model. Lazos Hispanos has proven an asset to participants, the promotoras, and service providers as the program continues to develop a community-based, health supportive infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Matthew
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams St., Room 350, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Pamela Orpinas
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, Wright Hall-Health Sciences Campus, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alejandra Calva
- School of Social Work and College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J Maria Bermudez
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Carolina Darbisi
- J.W. Fanning Institute for Leadership Development, Public Service and Outreach, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Costa ACPDJ, Araújo MFMD, Araújo TMD, Gubert FDA, Vieira NFC. Protagonismo de adolescentes na prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0194201500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Analisar o protagonismo de adolescentes escolares na prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Métodos Estudo qualitativo do tipo pesquisa-ação desenvolvido com dez adolescentes, com idade entre 15 e 16 anos, de uma escola pública. Os dados foram coletados em grupos focais, entrevistas e observação e analisados na técnica de análise do discurso. Resultados Os depoimentos revelaram que os adolescentes protagonizaram suas participações no planejamento da intervenção educativa, definindo e organizando o espaço educativo escolar, e confeccionando materiais e temas a serem utilizados nas ações de prevenção às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, gerando um sentimento de domínio sobre o assunto. Conclusão Os participantes do estudo apresentaram protagonismo na elaboração de atividades de prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis no ambiente escolar.
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