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Aldhahir AM. Prevalence and sociodemographic factors of depression, anxiety and stress in Saudi Arabia: a survey of respiratory therapists. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1289456. [PMID: 38445092 PMCID: PMC10912513 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1289456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression, anxiety and stress are prevalent among healthcare providers but limited data is available regarding respiratory therapists (RTs). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress, and identify the associated sociodemographic factors among RTs in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was distributed to RTs in Saudi Arabia. Data were summarized using frequency and percentages. Stress, anxiety, and depression prevalence rates were expressed as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The associated factors of stress, anxiety, and depression were subjected to logistic regression. Results Overall, 988 (91%) RTs, 661 (66.9%) males, completed the online survey. The prevalence (95% CI) of depression, anxiety and stress among RTs was 81.3% (0.787, 0.837), 89.6% (0.875, 0.914), and 45.5% (0.424, 0.487), respectively. RT staff who were ≥41 years old, divorced, widowed or separated, or had > 10 years of clinical experience were more likely to experience stress. RTs who were (divorced, widowed or separated), did not live with their family, were current smokers, or worked the night shift were more likely to experience anxiety. RTs who were (divorced, widowed or separated), were current smokers, had >10 years of clinical experience were more likely to experience depression. Conclusion Stress, anxiety and depression are prevalent among RTs. Several sociodemographic factors are associated with the incidence of stress, anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Zaccagnini M, West A, Khor E, Quach S, Nonoyama ML. Exploring knowledge gaps and research needs in respiratory therapy: a qualitative description study. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY THERAPY : CJRT = REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA THERAPIE RESPIRATOIRE : RCTR 2024; 60:1-12. [PMID: 38188978 PMCID: PMC10769513 DOI: 10.29390/001c.91184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Respiratory therapists (RTs) are expected to stay updated on technology, treatments, research, and best practices to provide high-quality patient care. They must possess the skills to interpret, evaluate, and contribute to evidence-based practices. However, RTs often rely on research from other professions that may not fully address their specific needs, leading to insufficient guidance for their practice. Additionally, there has been no exploration of knowledge gaps and research needs from RTs' perspectives to enhance their practice and patient outcomes. The research questions guiding this study were: (i) what are the perceived practice-oriented knowledge gaps? and (ii) what are the necessary research priorities across the respiratory therapy profession according to experts in respiratory therapy? Methods A qualitative description study was conducted using semi-structured focus groups with 40 expert RTs from seven areas of practice across Canada. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results We identified four major themes relating to what these experts perceive as the practice-oriented gaps and necessary research priorities across the respiratory therapy profession: 1) system-level impact of RTs, 2) optimizing respiratory therapy practices, 3) scholarship on the respiratory therapy profession and 4) respiratory therapy education. Discussion The findings establish a fundamental understanding of the current gaps and the specific needs of RTs that require further investigation. Participants strongly emphasized the significance of research priorities that consider the breadth and depth of the respiratory therapy profession, which underscores the complex nature of respiratory therapy and its application in practice. Conclusion The unique insights garnered from this study highlight the knowledge gaps and research needs specific to RTs. These findings pave the way for further exploration, discourse, and research aimed at understanding the specific contributions and requirements of RTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zaccagnini
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy McGill University
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation
| | - Andrew West
- The Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists
| | | | - Shirley Quach
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences McMaster University
- Respiratory Therapy Department & Child Health Evaluative Sciences Hospital for Sick Children
| | - Mika L Nonoyama
- Respiratory Therapy Department & Child Health Evaluative Sciences Hospital for Sick Children
- Faculty of Health Sciences Ontario Tech University
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute & Department of Physical Therapy University of Toronto
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Ford JD, Seedat S. On the path to recovery: traumatic stress research during the COVID-19 pandemic 2021-2023. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2281988. [PMID: 38038964 PMCID: PMC10990445 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2281988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue of the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) presents 51 articles published between 2021 and 2023 and follows the Special Issue on pandemic-related traumatic stress research published in 2021 (O'Donnell, M. L., & Greene, T. [2021]. Understanding the mental health impacts of COVID-19 through a trauma lens. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1982502). Research on traumatic stress during the pandemic has cast the spotlight on vulnerable populations and groups, notably front-line healthcare workers; people faced with major losses including the deaths of loved ones; those who personally survived debilitating and often life-threatening viral infection; and students who were isolated and experienced profound delays in their education, relationships, and emerging independence. The papers in this collection underscore the associations between COVID-19 related stressors and a plethora of adverse mental health sequelae, including posttraumatic stress reactions, and draw attention to the ubiquity of grief and moral injury and their wide-ranging and detrimental impact. Currently, there is a paucity of evidence on interventions to enhance resources, self-efficacy, and hope for affected groups and individuals through societal, organisational, and healthcare systems; however early research on the prevention of COVID-related traumatic stress disorders provides a basis for both hope and preparedness for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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D'Alessandro-Lowe AM, Ritchie K, Brown A, Easterbrook B, Xue Y, Pichtikova M, Altman M, Beech I, Millman H, Foster F, Hassall K, Levy Y, Streiner DL, Hosseiny F, Rodrigues S, Heber A, O'Connor C, Schielke H, Malain A, McCabe RE, Lanius RA, McKinnon MC. Canadian respiratory therapists who considered leaving their clinical position experienced elevated moral distress and adverse psychological and functional outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2023; 43:460-471. [PMID: 37991889 PMCID: PMC10753904 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.43.10/11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Respiratory therapists (RTs) faced morally distressing situations throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, including working with limited resources and facilitating video calls for families of dying patients. Moral distress is associated with a host of adverse psychological and functional outcomes (e.g. depression, anxiety, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and functional impairment) and consideration of position departure. The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of moral distress and its associated psychological and functional outcomes on consideration to leave a clinical position among Canadian RTs during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Canadian RTs (N = 213) completed an online survey between February and June 2021. Basic demographic information (e.g. age, sex, gender) and psychometrically validated measures of moral distress, depression, anxiety, stress, PTSD, dissociation, functional impairment, resilience and adverse childhood experiences were collected. RESULTS One in four RTs reported considering leaving their position. RTs considering leaving reported elevated levels of moral distress and adverse psychological and functional outcomes compared to RTs not considering leaving. Over half (54.5%) of those considering leaving scored above the cut-off for potential diagnosis of PTSD. Previous consideration to leave a position and having left a position in the past each significantly increased the odds of currently considering leaving, along with system-related moral distress and symptoms of PTSD, but the contribution of these latter factors was small. CONCLUSIONS Canadian RTs considering leaving their position reported elevated levels of distress and adverse psychological and functional outcomes, yet these individual-level factors appear unlikely to be the primary factors underlying RTs' consideration to leave, because their effects were small. Further research is required to identify broader, organizational factors that may contribute to consideration of position departure among Canadian RTs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly Ritchie
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Yuanxin Xue
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mina Pichtikova
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Max Altman
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isaac Beech
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Fatima Foster
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly Hassall
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yarden Levy
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David L Streiner
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fardous Hosseiny
- Atlas Institute for Veterans and Families, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Atlas Institute for Veterans and Families, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Heber
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Veterans Affairs Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Ann Malain
- Homewood Health Centre, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randi E McCabe
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruth A Lanius
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret C McKinnon
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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