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Appropriate Technology for Access to Universal Basic Services: A Case Study on Basic Electricity Service Provision to Remote Communities in the Napo River Basin. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate technologies (ATs) refer to technologies that are controlled by the communities that benefit from their implementation. Technologies have become a fundamental element in projects aiming to solve problems related to poverty and access to basic needs in some areas in emerging countries, and appropriation of these technologies is necessary to ensure effective transfer of knowledge and sustainability. However, due to the lack of consensus on the definition of ATs, there is a need to clarify and define the scope and boundaries of the term to facilitate the implementation of technology in projects in developing countries. This study addresses this gap by means of a scoping review, which presents a detailed analysis of 17 journal articles (from an initial selection of 95 articles) and provides a comprehensive definition of ATs. To guide AT-oriented interventions in technology-intensive cooperation projects, this study proposes an Action Framework based on that definition of ATs. The Action Framework provides guidance on how to implement technology in these projects to ensure that the technology is appropriated. To facilitate the understanding of the Action Framework, the study showcases its application in a real project of rural electrification in the Peruvian Amazon Rainforest.
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Chirikure S, Ndoro W, Bugarin FT, di Lernia S, Ichumbaki EB, Lwoga NB. Usable Pasts Forum: UNESCO and Heritage Tourism in Africa. THE AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW 2021; 38:513-533. [PMID: 34429563 PMCID: PMC8377704 DOI: 10.1007/s10437-021-09454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shadreck Chirikure
- School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Webber Ndoro
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Savino di Lernia
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Antichità, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- School of Geography, Archaeology, and Environmental Studies, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elgidius B. Ichumbaki
- Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, University of Dar Es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Noel B. Lwoga
- National Museum of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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