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Elias R, Sawatsky A, Ratelle J. Protected Time for Research Among Academic Hospitalists: a Qualitative Study of Hospitalist Group Leaders. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:723-730. [PMID: 37962727 PMCID: PMC11043272 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protected time is an important determinant of scholarly success in academic hospital medicine but is a limited resource. OBJECTIVE To explore how hospitalists procure protected time for scholarship from the perspective of academic hospital medicine leaders. DESIGN Qualitative, thematic analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews. PARTICIPANTS Ten division leaders of academic hospital medicine groups in the USA (3 female, 7 male). APPROACH Thematic analysis, from a realist paradigm, of individually conducted interviews to explore how hospitalists obtain protected time with a focus from the leaders' perspectives on sources and strategies. Division leaders of groups known to have a reputation for regularly publishing peer-reviewed scholarship were purposively sampled and a snowball sampling technique was used to identify subsequent participants. Trustworthiness was verified by member-check with a subgroup of participants. KEY RESULTS Hospitalists wanting to pursue research must often start by utilizing personal time. Protected time from divisions is allocated to an individual, a project, or as administrative time. Sources of protected time are conceptualized as a hierarchy, beginning with personal time, and moving through divisional support, intramural support, and, principally for research track hospitalists, extramural support. Scaling the hierarchy is a process of demonstrating productivity and employing tactics to align projects with goals of the funders. Accessing the extramural funding tier is predicated on structured skills training, which is often acquired in early career and thus generally inaccessible to hospitalists not on a predetermined research track. CONCLUSIONS The prevailing paradigm for accessing protected time is one which encourages and rewards pursuing research work during non-work hours. As a hospitalist becomes more senior, the focus shifts from proving earnestness to becoming adept at navigating the institutional system as insiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Elias
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Adam Sawatsky
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John Ratelle
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Prochaska M, Keniston A, Burden M, Mueller S, Vaughn VM. Breaking down barriers: Decoding archetypes in hospital medicine research. J Hosp Med 2023; 18:1048-1053. [PMID: 37751396 PMCID: PMC10872600 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Micah Prochaska
- Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angela Keniston
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marisha Burden
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie Mueller
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valerie M Vaughn
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Hydoub YM, Fischer KM, Hanson KT, Coons TJ, Wilshusen LL, Vista TL, Colbenson GA, Burton MC, Habermann EB, Dugani SB. Multisite analysis of patient experience scores and risk of hospital admission: a retrospective cohort study. Hosp Pract (1995) 2023; 51:35-43. [PMID: 36326005 PMCID: PMC9928911 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2144055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routinely collected patient experience scores may inform risk of patient outcomes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of hospital admission within 30-days following third-party receipt of the patient experience survey and guide interventions. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys, January 2016-July 2019, from an institution's 20 hospitals in four U.S. states. Surveys were routinely sent to patients using census sampling. We analyzed surveys received ≤60 days following discharge from patients living ≤60 miles of any of the institution's hospitals. The exposures were 19 survey items. The outcome was hospital admission within 30 days after third-party receipt of the survey. We evaluated the association of favorable (top-box) vs unfavorable (non-top-box) score for survey items with risk of 30-day hospital admission in models including patient and hospitalization characteristics and reported adjusted odds ratios (aOR [95% confidence interval]). RESULTS Among 40,162 respondents (mean age ± standard deviation: 68.1 ± 14.0 years), 49.8% were women and 4.3% had 30-day hospital admission. Patients with 30-day hospital admission, compared to those not admitted, were more likely to be discharged from a medical service line (62.9% vs 42.3%; P < 0.001) and have a higher Elixhauser index. Favorable vs unfavorable score for hospital rating was associated with lower odds of 30-day hospital admission in the overall cohort (0.88 [0.77-0.99]; P = 0.04), medical service line (0.81 [0.70-0.94]; P = 0.007), and upper tertile of Elixhauser index (0.79 [0.67-0.92]; P = 0.003). Favorable score for recommend hospital was associated with lower odds of 30-day hospital admission in the medical service line (0.83 [0.71-0.97]; P = 0.02) but for others (e.g. cleanliness of hospital environment) showed no association. CONCLUSION In routinely collected patient experience scores, favorable hospital rating was associated with lower odds of 30-day hospital admission and may inform risk stratification and interventions. Evidence-based survey items linked to patient outcomes may also inform future surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousif M. Hydoub
- Division of Cardiology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karen M. Fischer
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Kristine T. Hanson
- Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Trevor J. Coons
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | | | - Tafi L. Vista
- Office of Patient Experience, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - M. Caroline Burton
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Elizabeth B. Habermann
- Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sagar B. Dugani
- Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Yasuda M, Saito A, Goto T, Yamamoto R, Liu K, Kuriyama A, Kondo Y, Kasugai D. Challenges hindering emergency physicians; involvement in multicenter collaborative studies in Japan: A nationwide survey analysis. Acute Med Surg 2023; 10:e906. [PMID: 38020489 PMCID: PMC10665775 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Multicenter collaborative research accelerates patient recruitment and strengthens evidence. Nevertheless, the factors influencing emergency and critical care physicians' involvement in such research in Japan remain unclear. Methods A nationwide web-based survey conducted in early 2023 targeted emergency physicians working a minimum of 3 days per week in Japan. The survey descriptively assessed their backgrounds, work and research environments, experiences, and perceived impediments and motivators for multicenter research. Results Of the 387 respondents, 348 were included in the study, yielding a 5.1% response rate. Women comprised 11% of the participants; 33% worked in university hospitals, 65% served in both emergency departments and intensive care units, and 54% did shift work. Only 12% had designated research time during working hours, with a median of 1 hour per week (interquartile range 0-5 h), including time outside of work. While 73% had participated in multicenter research, 58% noted barriers to participation. The key obstacles were excessive data entry (72%), meeting time constraints (59%), ethical review at each facility (50%), and unique sample collection, such as bronchoalveolar lavage specimens or pathological tissues (51%). The major incentives were networking (70%), data sets reuse (65%), feedback on research results (63%), and recognition from academic societies (63%). Financial rewards were not highly prioritized (38%). Conclusions While valuing clinical research, emergency physicians face barriers, especially data entry burden and limited research time. Networking and sharing research findings motivate them. These insights can guide strategies to enhance collaborative research in emergency and critical care in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaho Yasuda
- Faculty of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityOsakaJapan
- TXP Medical Co. Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Ayaka Saito
- TXP Medical Co. Ltd.TokyoJapan
- Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care CenterSakuJapan
| | | | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CIRC2LE)Fukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandChermsideQueenslandAustralia
- Non‐Profit Organization, ICU Collaboration NetworkTokyoJapan
| | - Akira Kuriyama
- Department of Primary Care and Emergency MedicineKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineJuntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuJapan
| | - Daisuke Kasugai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
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He B, Tanya SM, Costello F, Kherani F, Shamie N, Zhu D. Navigating Personal and Professional Development Through Social Media in Ophthalmology. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:2263-2274. [PMID: 35859671 PMCID: PMC9289453 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s368674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although social media use among physicians skyrocketed during the COVID-19 pandemic, its role for networking, mentorship, and support among ophthalmologists remains unknown. The objective of this study was to elucidate how ophthalmologists use social media for navigating challenges related to personal and professional development. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey study conducted during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. A 40-item questionnaire investigating the usage of social media was developed and distributed to active social media users in ophthalmology including trainees and practitioners from November 2020 to December 2020 via social media channels. Quantitative responses were analyzed using descriptive and basic statistics, while a thematic analysis was conducted to examine the qualitative responses. Results One hundred and forty-nine respondents (67% women) completed the survey, with 56% of participants between the ages of 25–35 years old. Women were more likely to report experiencing workplace discrimination (p < 0.005) and work-life imbalance (p < 0.05) compared to men, and social media was found to be useful in addressing those challenges in addition to parenting and mentorship (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Compared to their older counterparts, younger ophthalmologists (<45 years old) cited more challenges with practice management (p < 0.005) and turned to social media for corresponding guidance (p < 0.05). Compared to late career ophthalmologists, trainees were more likely to report difficulties with career development (p < 0.05), practice management (p < 0.0001), and financial planning (p < 0.05), and found social media beneficial for learning financial literacy (p < 0.05). A qualitative analysis of the free-response texts found both positive and negative viewpoints of social media use in ophthalmology. Conclusion Social media is an invaluable tool for enhancing professional and personal growth for ophthalmologists, particularly for women, trainees, and younger surgeons through education and community-building. Future directions include exploring how social media can be used to improve mentorship, outreach, and training in ophthalmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie He
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Correspondence: Bonnie He, Dalhousie University Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, Email
| | - Stuti M Tanya
- Department of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Fiona Costello
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Femida Kherani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Maloney-Shamie Vision Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neda Shamie
- Maloney-Shamie Vision Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dagny Zhu
- NVISION Eye Centers, Rowland Heights, Los Angeles County, California, USA
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Dugani SB, Fischer KM, Geyer HL, Maniaci MJ, Croghan IT, Burton MC. Psychologic wellness of PA, NP, and physician hospitalists during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAAPA 2022; 35:45-53. [PMID: 35421872 PMCID: PMC9129920 DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000824964.37126.d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hospitalists, comprising PAs, NPs, and physicians, manage patients hospitalized with COVID-19. To guide the development of support programs, this study compared the psychologic wellness of hospitalist PAs, NPs, and physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We surveyed hospitalists in 16 hospitals at Mayo Clinic, from May 4 to 25, 2020. We used PROMIS surveys for self-reported global well-being (two single-item measures), anxiety, social isolation, and emotional support, before and during the pandemic. Linear and logistic regression models were adjusted for personal and professional factors. RESULTS The response rate was 52.2% (N = 154/295). In adjusted linear regression models, the change in scores (before minus during pandemic) for anxiety, social isolation, and emotional support was similar for PAs and NPs compared with physicians. In adjusted logistic regression models, physicians, compared with PAs and NPs, had a higher odds of top global well-being for mental health (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.82 [1.12, 7.13]; P = .03) and top global well-being for social activities and relationships (adjusted odds ratio 4.08 [1.38, 12.08]; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, global well-being was lower for PAs and NPs compared with physician hospitalists. These results can guide support programs for hospitalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar B. Dugani
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Health Care Delivery Research, Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Karen M. Fischer
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Holly L. Geyer
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | | | - Ivana T. Croghan
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Research Office, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Dugani SB, Geyer HL, Maniaci MJ, Fischer KM, Croghan IT, Coons TJ, Canan EL, Burton MC. Hospitalist perspectives on barriers to recommend and potential benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine. Hosp Pract (1995) 2021; 49:245-251. [PMID: 33826433 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2021.1914465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hospitalists, comprised of nurse practitioners and physician assistants (collectively, advanced practice providers [APPs]) and physicians, have opportunities to counsel patients and reduce SARS-CoV-2 related coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy. However, hospitalist perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine and potential differences between APPs and physicians are unknown. Understanding hospitalist perspectives could help to address vaccine hesitancy among patients.Methods: We conducted an online survey of hospitalists at Mayo Clinic sites in Arizona, Florida, Minnesota, and Wisconsin from 14 December 2020 through 4 January 2021. We collected demographic information and assessed perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine and, for comparison, on the influenza vaccine. Descriptive statistics were used to compare responses between APPs and physicians.Results: The overall response rate was 42.7% (n = 128/300) and comprised of 53.9% women (n = 69/128) and 41.4% APPs (n = 53/128). Most hospitalists reported receiving or planning to receive vaccination against COVID-19 (93.7%; n = 119/128) and influenza (97.7%; n = 125/128). Most hospitalists reported they would advise 100% of patients to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (66% for APPs; 74.7% for physicians) and influenza vaccine (83% for APPs; 80% for physicians). Barriers to recommending the COVID-19 vaccine included patient health status and vaccine safety profile. Hospitalists reported that patients and coworkers receiving the COVID-19 vaccine would reduce their anxiety (~80% of hospitalists), social isolation (~64% of hospitalists), and improve their emotional support (~40% of hospitalists). APP and physician responses were similar. The possible reduction in social isolation was associated with higher odds of hospitalists advising all patients to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (adjusted odds ratio 2.95 [95% confidence interval, 1.32-6.59]; P< .008), whereas hospitalist age, gender, and profession showed no association.Conclusion: Most hospitalists would reportedly advise patients to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Barriers to this recommendation included patient health status and vaccine safety. Hospitalists are an important resource to provide patient education and reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar B Dugani
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Holly L Geyer
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Michael J Maniaci
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Karen M Fischer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ivana T Croghan
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Robert D. And Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Clinical Research Office, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Trevor J Coons
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Canan
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Caroline Burton
- Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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