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Gao F, Xu L, Wang Q, Wang G, Liu M, Li L, He Q, Zhang X, Wang Y, Mao Q, Liang Z, Wang T, Ma X, Wu X. Four-Color Pseudovirus-Based Neutralization Assay: A Rapid Method for Evaluating Neutralizing Antibodies Against Quadrivalent Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2025; 13:320. [PMID: 40266243 PMCID: PMC11946612 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines13030320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Revised: 03/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackieviruses A16 (CA16), A10 (CA10), and A6 (CA6) are the primary pathogens that cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Currently, many manufacturers are developing bivalent, trivalent, and tetravalent vaccines that target these antigens. Cell-based neutralization assay (CBNA), the gold standard for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs), which are used as indicators of HFMD vaccine efficacy, has several limitations. We aimed to develop a novel assay for detecting NtAbs against a quadrivalent HFMD vaccine. METHODS We developed a four-color pseudovirus-based neutralization assay (PBNA), utilizing fluorescent reporter genes, to rapidly evaluate neutralizing antibodies against EV71, CA16, CA10, and CA6 in multivalent vaccines and compared it with CBNA. RESULTS PBNA could rapidly and simultaneously detect NtAbs against the four serotypes and required lesser amounts of sera compared to CBNA. A good consistency in determining NtAb titers was observed for PBNA and CBNA. CONCLUSIONS PBNA provides a robust tool for evaluating the efficacy of multivalent HFMD vaccines and conducting seroepidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Lingjie Xu
- Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210089, China; (L.X.); (G.W.)
| | - Qian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210089, China; (L.X.); (G.W.)
| | - Mingchen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Lu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Qian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Ying Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Qunying Mao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Xiao Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Xing Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Research Units of Innovative Vaccine Quality Evaluation and Standardization, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (Q.W.); (M.L.); (L.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (X.M.)
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Wu X, Cui L, Bai Y, Bian L, Liang Z. Pseudotyped Viruses for Enterovirus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1407:209-228. [PMID: 36920699 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Using a non-pathogenic pseudotyped virus as a surrogate for a wide-type virus in scientific research complies with the recent requirements for biosafety. Enterovirus (EV) contains many species of viruses, which are a type of nonenveloped virus. The preparation of its corresponding pseudotyped virus often needs customized construction compared to some enveloped viruses. This article describes the procedures and challenges in the construction of pseudotyped virus for enterovirus (pseudotyped enterovirus, EVpv) and also introduces the application of EVpv in basic virological research, serological monitoring, and the detection of neutralizing antibody (NtAb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wu
- Division of Hepatitis Virus & Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Cui
- Minhai biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Division of Hepatitis Virus & Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
| | - Lianlian Bian
- Division of Hepatitis Virus & Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis Virus & Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China
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Li K, Dong F, Cui B, Cui L, Liu P, Ma C, Zheng H, Wu X, Liang Z. Development of a pseudovirus-based assay for measuring neutralizing antibodies against Coxsackievirus A10. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:1434-1440. [PMID: 31851566 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1691404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) has recently emerged as a major pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children worldwide. Currently no effective treatments are available; development of anti-CV-A10 vaccine is a most cost-effective way for CV-A10 prevention. Robust assay to measure neutralizing antibody (NtAb) titres elicited by vaccination would greatly prompt anti-CV-A10 vaccine development. Compare to the traditional neutralization assay based on inhibition of cytopathic effects (herein after referred to as cNT) which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, in this study we developed an efficient high-throughput neutralization antibody assay based on CV-A10 pseudoviruses (herein after referred to as pNT). In the pNT, anti-CV-A10 NtAb titre was negatively corresponded with the relative luminescent unit (RLU) produced by luciferase reporter gene incorporated in pseudovirus genome. As described in this study, the NtAb against CV-A10 could be detected within 10-16 h, anti- CV-A10 NtAb in 67 human serum samples were measured in parallel with pNT and cNT assays, a good correlation (r = 0.83,p < .0001) and good agreement(97%) were shown between cNT and pNT, indicating that the pNT provides a rapid and convenient procedure for measuring NtAb production against anti-CV-A10 NtAb measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Li
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China.,Research and Development Center, Minhai Biotechnology Co. Ltd , Beijing, China
| | - Fangyu Dong
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China.,The Second Department of Research, Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd , Lanzhou, China
| | - Bopei Cui
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Cui
- The Second Department of Research, Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd , Changchun, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ma
- The Second Department of Research, Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd , Lanzhou, China
| | - Haifa Zheng
- Research and Development Center, Minhai Biotechnology Co. Ltd , Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis Virus Vaccines, National Institute for Food and Drug Control , Beijing, China
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