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Trelford CB, Dagnino L, Di Guglielmo GM. Transforming growth factor-β in tumour development. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:991612. [PMID: 36267157 PMCID: PMC9577372 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.991612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a ubiquitous cytokine essential for embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis. TGFβ signalling regulates several biological processes including cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, immune function, and tissue repair following injury. Aberrant TGFβ signalling has been implicated in tumour progression and metastasis. Tumour cells, in conjunction with their microenvironment, may augment tumourigenesis using TGFβ to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, immune suppression, and autophagy. Therapies that target TGFβ synthesis, TGFβ-TGFβ receptor complexes or TGFβ receptor kinase activity have proven successful in tissue culture and in animal models, yet, due to limited understanding of TGFβ biology, the outcomes of clinical trials are poor. Here, we review TGFβ signalling pathways, the biology of TGFβ during tumourigenesis, and how protein quality control pathways contribute to the tumour-promoting outcomes of TGFβ signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B. Trelford
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lina Dagnino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Children’s Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gianni M. Di Guglielmo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Gianni M. Di Guglielmo,
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Tredicine M, Camponeschi C, Pirolli D, Lucchini M, Valentini M, Geloso MC, Mirabella M, Fidaleo M, Righino B, Moliterni C, Giorda E, Rende M, De Rosa MC, Foti M, Constantin G, Ria F, Di Sante G. A TLR/CD44 axis regulates T cell trafficking in experimental and human multiple sclerosis. iScience 2022; 25:103763. [PMID: 35128357 PMCID: PMC8804271 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, the modulation of leukocytes' trafficking plays a central role, still poorly understood. Here, we focused on the effect of TLR2 ligands in trafficking of T helper cells through reshuffling of CD44 isoforms repertoire. Concurrently, strain background and TLR2 haplotype affected Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and expression of splicing factors. During EAE, mCD44 v9- v 10 was specifically enriched in the forebrain and showed an increased ability to bind stably to osteopontin. Similarly, we observed that hCD44 v7 was highly enriched in cells of cerebrospinal fluid from MS patients with active lesions. Moreover, TLRs engagement modulated the composition of CD44 variants also in human T helper cells, supporting the hypothesis that pathogens or commensals, through TLRs, in turn modulate the repertoire of CD44 isoforms, thereby controlling the distribution of lesions in the CNS. The interference with this mechanism(s) represents a potential tool for prevention and treatment of autoimmune relapses and exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tredicine
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Camponeschi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Pirolli
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Valentini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Geloso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro di ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fidaleo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, University of Rome Sapienza,00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Righino
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Moliterni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, University of Rome Sapienza,00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Giorda
- Core Facilities di Ricerca, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Roma – IRCCS, V.le Ferdinando Baldelli,40,00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinic and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina De Rosa
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) -CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Foti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8,37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli1-8,00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinic and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Piazza L. Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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