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Awad LF, Ayoup MS. Fluorinated phenylalanines: synthesis and pharmaceutical applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1022-1050. [PMID: 32509033 PMCID: PMC7237815 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the chemistry of peptides containing fluorinated phenylalanines (Phe) represents a hot topic in drug research over the last few decades. ᴅ- or ʟ-fluorinated phenylalanines have had considerable industrial and pharmaceutical applications and they have been expanded also to play an important role as potential enzyme inhibitors as well as therapeutic agents and topography imaging of tumor ecosystems using PET. Incorporation of fluorinated aromatic amino acids into proteins increases their catabolic stability especially in therapeutic proteins and peptide-based vaccines. This review seeks to summarize the different synthetic approaches in the literature to prepare ᴅ- or ʟ-fluorinated phenylalanines and their pharmaceutical applications with a focus on published synthetic methods that introduce fluorine into the phenyl, the β-carbon or the α-carbon of ᴅ-or ʟ-phenylalanines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Fathy Awad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Salah Ayoup
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
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Liu Q, Li N, Yuan Y, Lu H, Wu X, Zhou C, He M, Su H, Zhang M, Wang J, Wang B, Wang Y, Ma D, Ye Y, Weiss HC, Gesing ERF, Liao J, Wang MW. Cyclobutane Derivatives As Novel Nonpeptidic Small Molecule Agonists of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor. J Med Chem 2011; 55:250-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201150j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Na Li
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Yunyun Yuan
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Huili Lu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Caihong Zhou
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
- The State
Key Laboratory of
Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203,
China
| | - Min He
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
- The State
Key Laboratory of
Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203,
China
| | - Haoran Su
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Jia Wang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345
Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - You Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345
Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345
Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Ye
- The State
Key Laboratory of
Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203,
China
| | | | - Ernst R. F. Gesing
- Bayer CropScience Aktiengesellschaft, Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50, D-40789
Monheim, Germany
| | - Jiayu Liao
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- The National Center for Drug Screening, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai
201203, China
- The State
Key Laboratory of
Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203,
China
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