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Kiran YB, Rambabu G, Vijayakumar V, Barbosa LCA. Acetic Acid-Mediated Synthesis of Kojic Acid Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021070162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lajis AFB, Hamid M, Ahmad S, Ariff AB. Comparative study of stirred and fluidized tank reactor for hydroxyl-kojic acid derivatives synthesis and their biological activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2017-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Study on the synthesis of kojic acid derivatives (KADs) in solvent-free system using scalable reactors and their biological activities is still lacking.Methods:In this study, two types of KADs, were synthesized using saturated-fatty acid [lauric acid (LA)] and unsaturated-fatty acid [oleic acid (OA)] in stirred tank reactor (STR) and fluidized tank reactor (FTR). The yield and biological activities of the synthesized KADs were evaluated and compared.Results:The highest yield of KADs (42.95%) was obtained in the synthesis using OA, with molar ratio of 1:1, enzyme loading of 5% (w/v), temperature of 70°C, using immobilized lipase N435 in STR. However, FTR may provide biocatalyst protection and reusability with reduced loss of KADs yield up to three cycles. In antioxidant assay, the hydroxyl-unsaturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HUFA-KA) showed better activity as compared to hydroxyl-saturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HSFA-KA) at concentrations ranging from 125 to 2000 μg/mL. In contrast, HSFA-KA showed better cytotoxicity effect against G361 melanoma cell as compared to HUFA-KA.Conclusion:The yield of KADs obtained in STR was higher than that obtained in FTR. HUFA-KA could be used as potential lipophilic antioxidant while HSFA-KA has the potential to be used to treat melanoma skin disorder.
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Lachowicz JI, Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Pelaez MDGJ, Rescigno A, Stefanowicz P, Cal M, Szewczuk Z. Metal coordination and tyrosinase inhibition studies with Kojic-βAla-Kojic. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 151:36-43. [PMID: 26239546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Kojic acid is a natural antifungal and antibacterial agent that has been extensively studied for its tyrosinase inhibitory and metal coordination properties. Tyrosinase is a metalloenzyme with two copper ions in the active site. It is widely accepted that the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of kojic acid is related to its ability to coordinate metals. Over the past five years, we have used kojic acid to synthesize new and efficient bis-kojic acid chelators of iron and aluminium. In parallel, we investigated whether the de novo designed ligands could interfere with proper tyrosinase functioning. The present study combines our experience with inhibition and coordination studies of the new ligand: Kojic-βAla-Kojic. Research aimed at the assembly of a new potent tyrosinase inhibitor was based on the well-known crystal structure of the enzyme. Two questions were whether two kojic acids could act better than one and to what extent the length and kind of linker could ameliorate metal coordination, and inhibitory activity. Our results show that Kojic-βAla-Kojic has high affinity for Fe(III), Al(III), Zn(II), and Cu(II) and strong tyrosinase inhibitory effect and it can be proposed for use in industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy.
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Piotr Stefanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Marta Cal
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Szewczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
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Use of DABCO-functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 as catalyst for efficient synthesis of kojic acid derivatives, potential antioxidants. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-014-1916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Solvent-free lipase-catalyzed synthesis of a novel hydroxyl-fatty acid derivative of kojic acid. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 55:128-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Depigmenting activities of kojic acid derivatives without tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4159-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Revised: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Depigmenting activity of new kojic acid derivative obtained as a side product in the synthesis of cinnamate of kojic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2004-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rho HS, Lee CS, Ahn SM, Hong YD, Shin SS, Park YH, Park SN. Studies on Tyrosinase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Benzoic Acid Derivatives Containing Kojic Acid Moiety. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.12.4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kwak SY, Choi HR, Park KC, Lee YS. Kojic acid-amino acid amide metal complexes and their melanogenesis inhibitory activities. J Pept Sci 2011; 17:791-7. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Yeong Kwak
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul; 151-744; Korea
| | - Hye-Ryung Choi
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Gyeonggi-Do; 463-707; Korea
| | - Kyoung-Chan Park
- Department of Dermatology; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Gyeonggi-Do; 463-707; Korea
| | - Yoon-Sik Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Seoul National University; Seoul; 151-744; Korea
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Kandioller W, Kurzwernhart A, Hanif M, Meier SM, Henke H, Keppler BK, Hartinger CG. Pyrone derivatives and metals: From natural products to metal-based drugs. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rho HS, Ahn SM, Yoo DS, Kim MK, Cho DH, Cho JY. Kojyl thioether derivatives having both tyrosinase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6569-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rho HS, Baek HS, Ahn SM, Kim MK, Ghimeray AK, Cho DH, Hwang JS. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Kojyl Thioether Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.8.2375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yoon IH, Lee YH, Park CW, Ji HJ, Lee YS. Synthesis of Dimers of (4-Oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)acrylic Acid as Tyrosinase Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.7.2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Noh JM, Kwak SY, Seo HS, Seo JH, Kim BG, Lee YS. Kojic acid–amino acid conjugates as tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5586-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kang SS, Kim HJ, Jin C, Lee YS. Synthesis of tyrosinase inhibitory (4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)acrylic acid ester derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:188-91. [PMID: 19022667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a physiological process that results in the production of melanin pigment. However, excessive accumulations of epidermal pigmentation can cause various hyperpigmentary disorders such as, melasma and age spots. Kojic acid and hydroxylated cinnamic acid derivatives are known to inhibit tyrosinase, a key component of melanin biosynthesis. Pyronyl-acrylic acid esters 3a-i, which share structural features of kojic acid and hydroxylated cinnamic acid, were prepared and their abilities to inhibit tyrosinase and melanin production were evaluated. Of the esters synthesized, 3e and 3h, which derived from diethylene glycol moieties were found to inhibit melanin production by ca. 20% at 20 microg/ml, whereas kojic acid at 200 microg/ml inhibited melanin production by 15.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Sung Kang
- Life Sciences Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Twenty two kojic acid-tripeptide amides were prepared using a solid-phase Fmoc/tBu strategy with Rink Amide SURE(R) resin. To effectively obtain kojic acid-tripeptide amide conjugates, the coupling conditions of kojic acid to the tripeptide on the resin were optimized. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of kojic acid-tripeptide amides and the effect of the amino acid sequence on the activity were compared with those of kojic acid-tripeptide acids. The stability of kojic acid-tripeptide amides were then compared with those of kojic acid and kojic acid-tripeptides acids. As a consequence, kojic acid-FWY-NH(2) proved to be the best compound, with the highest inhibitory activity, which was maintained over different storage times under various temperatures and pHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Mi Noh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee YS, Park JH, Kim MH, Seo SH, Kim HJ. Synthesis of Tyrosinase Inhibitory Kojic Acid Derivative. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:111-4. [PMID: 16511808 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200500213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Kojic acid derivative 2 was synthesized by joining two pyrone rings through an ethylene linkage by Horner-Emmons reaction of phosphonate 6 with aldehyde 7. The intermediates 6 and 7 were derived from kojic acid. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 2 was about 8 times more potent (IC(50) = 3.63 microM) than that of kojic acid (IC(50) = 30.61 microM). Compound 2 also exhibited potent melanin synthesis inhibitory activity (19.53% inhibition at 5 mug) indicating that the connection of two pyrone rings of kojic acid through a suitable linker can be an useful strategy for identification of potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sup Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea.
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