Dong JL, Yu LSH, Xie JW. A Simple and Versatile Method for the Formation of Acetals/Ketals Using Trace Conventional Acids.
ACS OMEGA 2018;
3:4974-4985. [PMID:
31458712 PMCID:
PMC6641695 DOI:
10.1021/acsomega.8b00159]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An important and surprising finding that the acetalization and ketalization of aldehydes and ketones with alcohols, respectively, proceed smoothly in the presence of 0.1 mol % acid, without removing water, has been presented. This process has many merits, such as commercial available catalysts with low cost and low loadings (as low as 0.03 mol %), quite a broad substrate scope (including various aldehydes, ketones, acid-sensitive substrates, and diols), a wide range of reaction temperature (-60 to 50 °C), high yields, large-scale preparation, environmental friendliness, and simple work-up procedure. This new protocol has also been successfully applied to protect the important organic compounds, such as 1,3-diols, 1,2-diols, acid-sensitive substrates, glucose, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
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