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Mezghiche I, Yahia-Cherbal H, Rogge L, Bianchi E. Interleukin 23 receptor: Expression and regulation in immune cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250348. [PMID: 37837262 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of IL-23 and its specific receptor, IL-23R, in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases has been established, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. This review focuses on IL-23R expression and regulation in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars Rogge
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Kral M, van der Vorst EP, Surnov A, Weber C, Döring Y. ILC2-mediated immune crosstalk in chronic (vascular) inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1326440. [PMID: 38179045 PMCID: PMC10765502 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1326440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity is pivotal for an efficient immune response and to maintain immune homeostasis under steady state conditions. As part of the innate immune system, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have emerged as new important regulators of tissue homeostasis and repair by fine-tuning innate-adaptive immune cell crosstalk. ILC2s mediate either pro- or anti-inflammatory immune responses in a context dependent manner. Inflammation has proven to be a key driver of atherosclerosis, resembling the key underlying pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Notably, numerous studies point towards an atheroprotective role of ILC2s e.g., by mediating secretion of type-II cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, IL-9). Boosting these protective responses may be suitable for promising future therapy, although these protective cues are currently incompletely understood. Additionally, little is known about the mechanisms by which chemokine/chemokine receptor signaling shapes ILC2 functions in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Hence, this review will focus on the latest findings regarding the protective and chemokine/chemokine receptor guided interplay between ILC2s and other immune cells like T and B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages in atherosclerosis. Further, we will elaborate on potential therapeutic implications which result or could be distilled from the dialogue of ILC2s with cells of the immune system in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kral
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P.C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexey Surnov
- Type 1 Diabetes Immunology (TDI), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Verma M, McKay J, Verma D. Role of epigenetics in innate lymphoid cells. Epigenomics 2023; 15:615-618. [PMID: 37435673 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics plays a crucial role in gene regulation and cell function without changing the DNA sequence. The process of differentiation in eukaryotes during cellular morphogenesis is a paradigm of epigenetic change; stem cells develop into pluripotent cell lines in the embryo, eventually becoming terminally developed cells. Recently, epigenetic changes were shown to play an important role in immune cell development, activation and differentiation, which impacts chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications and small or lncRNA engagement. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are newly identified immune cells that lack antigen receptors. ILCs differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells via multipotent progenitor stages. In this editorial, the authors discuss the epigenetic regulation of ILC differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Verma
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Jerome McKay
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Divya Verma
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
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Ng CK, Belz GT. Innate lymphoid cells: potential targets for cancer therapeutics. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:158-171. [PMID: 36357314 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) comprise a number of different subsets, including natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells that express receptors and signaling pathways that are highly responsive to continuously changing microenvironmental cues. In this Review, we highlight the key features of innate cells that define their capacity to respond rapidly to different environments, how this ability can drive both tumor protection (limiting tumor development) or, alternatively, tumor progression, promoting tumor dissemination and resistance to immunotherapy. We discuss how understanding the regulation of ILCs that can detect tumor cells early in a response opens the possibility of exploiting this functional plasticity to develop rational therapeutic strategies to bolster adaptive immune responses and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ki Ng
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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Fang D, Healy A, Zhu J. Differential regulation of lineage-determining transcription factor expression in innate lymphoid cell and adaptive T helper cell subsets. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1081153. [PMID: 36685550 PMCID: PMC9846361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4 T helper (Th) cell subsets, including Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells, and their innate counterparts innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets consisting of ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s, display similar effector cytokine-producing capabilities during pro-inflammatory immune responses. These lymphoid cell subsets utilize the same set of lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) for their differentiation, development and functions. The distinct ontogeny and developmental niches between Th cells and ILCs indicate that they may adopt different external signals for the induction of LDTF during lineage commitment. Increasing evidence demonstrates that many conserved cis-regulatory elements at the gene loci of LDTFs are often preferentially utilized for the induction of LDTF expression during Th cell differentiation and ILC development at different stages. In this review, we discuss the functions of lineage-related cis-regulatory elements in inducing T-bet, GATA3 or RORγt expression based on the genetic evidence provided in recent publications. We also review and compare the upstream signals involved in LDTF induction in Th cells and ILCs both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we discuss the possible mechanisms and physiological importance of regulating LDTF dynamic expression during ILC development and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difeng Fang
- *Correspondence: Difeng Fang, ; Jinfang Zhu,
| | | | - Jinfang Zhu
- *Correspondence: Difeng Fang, ; Jinfang Zhu,
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Li XH, Lu MY, Niu JL, Zhu DY, Liu B. cfDNA Methylation Profiles and T-Cell Differentiation in Women with Endometrial Polyps. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243989. [PMID: 36552753 PMCID: PMC9777338 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a part of the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression, including chromatin remodeling and the activity of microRNAs, which are involved in the regulation of T-cell differentiation and function. However, the role of cfDNA methylation in T-cell differentiation is entirely unknown. In patients with endometrial polyps (EPs), we have found an imbalance of T-cell differentiation and an aberrant cfDNA methylation profile, respectively. In this study, we investigated the relationship between cfDNA methylation profiles and T-cell differentiation in 14 people with EPs and 27 healthy controls. We found that several differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were associated with T-cell differentiation in people with EPs (ITGA2-Naïve CD4, r = -0.560, p = 0.037; CST9-EMRA CD4, r = -0.626, p = 0.017; and ZIM2-CM CD8, r = 0.576, p = 0.031), but not in healthy controls (all p > 0.05). When we combined the patients' characteristics, we found a significant association between ITGA2 methylation and polyp diameter (r = 0.562, p = 0.036), but this effect was lost when adjusting the level of Naïve CD4 T-cells (r = 0.038, p = 0.903). Moreover, the circulating sex hormone levels were associated with T-cell differentiation (estradiol-Naïve CD4, r = -0.589, p = 0.027), and the cfDNA methylation profile (testosterone-ZIM2, r = -0.656, p = 0.011). In conclusion, this study has established a link between cfDNA methylation profiles and T-cell differentiation among people with EPs, which may contribute to the etiology of EPs. Further functional studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Reproductive Health, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Mei-Yin Lu
- Department of Biobank, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Jia-Li Niu
- Department of Biobank, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Dong-Yan Zhu
- Department of Biobank, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biobank, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518102, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-1732-7996
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