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Rybolt LE, Sabunwala S, Greene JN. Zoonotic Bacterial Respiratory Infections Associated With Cats and Dogs: A Case Series and Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e24414. [PMID: 35619868 PMCID: PMC9126301 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cats and dogs make up an essential part of the household for families in the United States. Close contact with pets can carry a risk of potential infectious disease transmission. This case series outlines causes of zoonotic pneumonia associated with cats and dogs, with a particular focus on the three cases presented of respiratory infection with Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica and Pasteurella (P.) multocida in patients with an underlying malignancy. B. bronchiseptica is a rare bacterial pathogen in humans that can cause disease in immunocompromised individuals. Interpreting the significance of B. bronchiseptica as a pathogenic agent can be challenging given that this microbe often accompanies other organisms in culture. P. multocida is another important pathogen known to cause severe respiratory infection in immunocompromised populations or those with certain underlying comorbidities. A broadened differential for other bacterial etiologies of zoonotic respiratory infection acquired from dogs or cats includes Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Coxiella burnetii, and Bartonella henselae. These pathogens should be considered in the correct clinical context. Pets also play a role as reservoirs for the transmission of resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Immunocompromised individuals must be educated on the potential for household transmission of zoonotic disease and how to limit certain types of close contact with pets. This report also highlights the importance of flea and tick control in pets for the prevention of zoonotic disease spread.
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Chan KH, Ajao SO, Farouji I, Slim J. A Case of Bordetella bronchiseptica Bacteremia in a Patient With Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis. Cureus 2021; 13:e13938. [PMID: 33880278 PMCID: PMC8051530 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a rare cause of respiratory tract infection in humans, most commonly found in immunocompromised individuals exposed to infected animals. It colonizes the respiratory tract and can lead to infection in dogs, cats, rabbits, and others. In immunocompromised patients, it has been reported to result in life-threatening infections but rarely affects immunocompetent individuals. Here, we are the first to report a case B. bronchiseptica bacteremia in a patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis without known animal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Hoe Chan
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Susanne O Ajao
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Iyad Farouji
- Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Jihad Slim
- Infectious Diseases, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA
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Szvalb AD, Rolston KV, Mori N, Tarrand JJ, Mulanovich VE. Infections with the agent of 'kennel cough' in patients with cancer. J Infect 2018; 78:48-53. [PMID: 30048653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical manifestations, microbiological data, and outcomes of Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) infections in patients with cancer. METHODS Review of electronic medical records of 24 patients with Bb infection, from 2000 to 2013. An infection was considered to be associated with Bb if both clinical manifestations plus microbial growth from infected sites were present. RESULTS Ten patients (42%) had a monomicrobial infection, whereas multiple pathogens in addition to Bb were isolated from the rest (14 patients, 58%). The most frequent sites of infection were the respiratory tract (18 patients, 75 %) and bloodstream (17%). The most frequently associated conditions were lymphopenia (71%), tobacco use (42%), and chemotherapeutic or immunosuppressive agents (33% each). Animal exposure was established in four patients. Overall, the response rate to treatment was 100% for monomicrobial and 79% for polymicrobial infections, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Bb is an uncommon pathogen even in immunosuppressed patients. Predominant sites of infection are the respiratory tract and bloodstream. Bb should be considered pathogenic in immunocompromised hosts, particularly with history of zoonotic exposure, even if accompanied by co-pathogens. Therefore, contact with potential animal sources should be minimized. The infection ranges from mild to severe and has no specific clinical or radiographic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel D Szvalb
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Kenneth V Rolston
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nobuyoshi Mori
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Tarrand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 0084, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Victor E Mulanovich
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1460, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Monti M, Diano D, Allegrini F, Delmonte A, Fausti V, Cravero P, Marcantognini G, Frassineti GL. Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a patient with lung cancer; a case report of a rare infection. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:644. [PMID: 28946850 PMCID: PMC5613318 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bordetella bronchiseptica (B.bronchiseptica) is a frequent cause of respiratory infections in animals but rarely causes serious infection in humans. We present a rare case of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia in a patient with lung cancer. CASE PRESENTATION A 52-year-old white male with non small cell lung cancer developed fever during treatment with nivolumab. A persistent productive cough and a deterioration in his clinical condition led to his hospitalization for evaluation. Bronchoscopy was performed and a diagnosis of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia was made. The infection was successfully managed by antiobiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS B. bronchiseptica is a pathogen that can cause serious infection in humans, especially in immunocompromised or immunoincompetent individuals. In our patient it showed unusual resistance to cephalosporins and poor sensitivity to amikacin. To our knowledge this is the first case of such an infection in a lung cancer patient undergoing treatment with nivolumab. When B. bronchiseptica is identified, the possibility of a nosocomial transmission must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Monti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
| | - Danila Diano
- Radiology Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesco Allegrini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Valentina Fausti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Cravero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giulia Marcantognini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Brown RR, Elston TH, Evans L, Glaser C, Gulledge ML, Jarboe L, Lappin MR, Marcus LC, Tuzio H, Edwards D, Kudrak S, Richards J, Rodan I. Feline zoonoses guidelines from the American Association of Feline Practitioners. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 7:243-74. [PMID: 16130211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2004.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yacoub AT, Katayama M, Tran J, Zadikany R, Kandula M, Greene J. Bordetella bronchiseptica in the immunosuppressed population - a case series and review. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2014; 6:e2014031. [PMID: 24804004 PMCID: PMC4010603 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2014.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms that are not known to cause serious infection in the immunocompetent population can, in fact, cause devastating illness in immunosuppressed neutropenic populations especially those who are undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and solid organ transplantation or a history of malignancy. One organism of interest isolated from immunosuppressed patients at our institution was Bordetella bronchiseptica. It is known to cause respiratory tract disease in the animal population which includes dogs, cats, and rabbits. This organism rarely causes serious infection in the immunocompetent population. However; in immunosuppressed patients, it can cause serious pulmonary disease. We present three cases of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia in patients with a history of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham T. Yacoub
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
| | - Mitsuya Katayama
- University of South Florida, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, 1 Tampa General Circle, G323 Tampa, FL 33606
| | - JoAnn Tran
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Down Blvd, Tampa, Fl 33612-4742
| | - Ronit Zadikany
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Down Blvd, Tampa, Fl 33612-4742
| | - Manasa Kandula
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
| | - John Greene
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612-9497
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Brady C, Ackerman P, Johnson M, McNamara J. Bordetella bronchiseptica in a pediatric Cystic Fibrosis center. J Cyst Fibros 2013; 13:43-8. [PMID: 24011471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bordetella bronchiseptica is a common pathogenic or colonizing organism of domestic mammals. In dogs, it causes an infectious tracheobronchitis known as Kennel Cough. Human infections are unusual and almost exclusively described in immunocompromised patients who have had contact with a known animal reservoir. It is rarely reported in Cystic Fibrosis (CF), possibly hampered by low recovery from culture and organism misidentification. We describe the incidence and characteristics of B. bronchiseptica in our CF population. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted of our center's CF patient population. Patients were included if they had B. bronchiseptica isolated on one or more occasion. RESULTS Seven children with CF isolated B. bronchiseptica on 23 occasions, frequently associated with the symptoms of a pulmonary exacerbation. Four patients required hospitalization. CONCLUSION These results suggest that B. bronchiseptica may be more common than previously reported and may play a potential pathogenic role in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Brady
- Children's Hospitals and Clinics of MN, Center for Cystic Fibrosis, 2525 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States; Children's Respiratory and Critical Care Specialists, 2530 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States.
| | - Patricia Ackerman
- Children's Hospitals and Clinics of MN, Center for Cystic Fibrosis, 2525 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States
| | - Mahrya Johnson
- Children's Hospitals and Clinics of MN, Center for Cystic Fibrosis, 2525 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States
| | - John McNamara
- Children's Hospitals and Clinics of MN, Center for Cystic Fibrosis, 2525 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States; Children's Respiratory and Critical Care Specialists, 2530 Chicago Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55404, United States
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Ting YJ, Ho PL, Wong KY. Bordetella bronchiseptica Pneumonia in an Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Neonate. AJP Rep 2011; 1:83-6. [PMID: 23705092 PMCID: PMC3653527 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica, a gram-negative coccobacillus, is a common veterinary pathogen. In both domestic and wild animals, this bacterium causes respiratory infections including infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs and atrophic rhinitis in swine. Human infections are rare and have been documented in immunocompromised hosts. Here, we describe an extremely-low-birth-weight infant with B. bronchiseptica pneumonia. This is the first report that describes the microorganism's responsibility in causing nosocomial infection in a preterm neonate. He recovered uneventfully after a course of meropenem. It is possible that the bacteria colonize the respiratory tracts of our health care workers or parents who may have had contact with pets and then transmitted the bacterium to our patient. Follow-up until 21 months of age showed normal growth and development. He did not suffer from any significant residual respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Joseph Ting
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Kitten-transmitted Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in a patient receiving temozolomide for glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2010; 102:335-9. [PMID: 20676728 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a gram negative coccobacillus that can be transmitted from domestic animals and cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. A 56-year-old man with a left parietal glioblastoma was treated with resection, radiation and concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. He received bevacizumab for progression, and dose dense metronomic temozolomide was added for additional progression. He developed chronic cough and was diagnosed with B. bronchiseptica infection. This is the first reported case of B. bronchiseptica infection in a patient receiving temozolomide. The infection was likely acquired from an infected kitten. Patients receiving temozolomide should be counseled on the risks of acquiring zoonotic infections, including B. bronchiseptica, from their pets.
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Bose A, Javaid W, Ashame E, Kiska D, Riddell S, Blair D. Bordetella bronchiseptica: an Emerging Nosocomial Pathogen in Immunocompromised Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
In Osier’s time, bacterial pneumonia was a dreaded event, so important that he borrowed John Bunyan’s characterization of tuberculosis and anointed the pneumococcus, as the prime pathogen, “Captain of the men of death.”1 One hundred years later much has changed, but much remains the same. Pneumonia is now the sixth most common cause of death and the most common lethal infection in the United States. Hospital-acquired pneumonia is now the second most common nosocomial infection.2 It was documented as a complication in 0.6% of patients in a national surveillance study,3 and has been reported in as many as 20% of patients in critical care units.4 Furthermore, it is the leading cause of death among nosocomial infections.5 Leu and colleagues6 were able to associate one third of the mortality in patients with nosocomial pneumonia to the infection itself. The increase in hospital stay, which averaged 7 days, was statistically significant. It has been estimated that nosocomial pneumonia produces costs in excess of $500 million each year in the United States, largely related to the increased length of hospital stay.
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Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18:326-82. [PMID: 15831828 PMCID: PMC1082800 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.18.2.326-382.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 773] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella respiratory infections are common in people (B. pertussis) and in animals (B. bronchiseptica). During the last two decades, much has been learned about the virulence determinants, pathogenesis, and immunity of Bordetella. Clinically, the full spectrum of disease due to B. pertussis infection is now understood, and infections in adolescents and adults are recognized as the reservoir for cyclic outbreaks of disease. DTaP vaccines, which are less reactogenic than DTP vaccines, are now in general use in many developed countries, and it is expected that the expansion of their use to adolescents and adults will have a significant impact on reducing pertussis and perhaps decrease the circulation of B. pertussis. Future studies should seek to determine the cause of the unique cough which is associated with Bordetella respiratory infections. It is also hoped that data gathered from molecular Bordetella research will lead to a new generation of DTaP vaccines which provide greater efficacy than is provided by today's vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mattoo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1752, USA
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Ner Z, Ross LA, Horn MV, Keens TG, MacLaughlin EF, Starnes VA, Woo MS. Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in pediatric lung transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2003; 7:413-7. [PMID: 14738306 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3046.2003.00074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica are small, pleomorphic Gram-negative coccobacilli which are commensal organisms in the upper respiratory tract of many wild and domestic animals ('kennel cough' in dogs). While it is common for health care providers to ask about exposure to ill family/friends, most do not routinely inquire about the health or immunization status of household pets. We report two cases of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia in lung transplant recipients [cystic fibrosis (CF); ages 10 and 15 yr; one male] who contracted B. bronchiseptica from pet dogs. We compared their course and outcome to four children (two CF, one congenital heart disease and one Duchenne's muscular dystrophy; four males, age range 6 months to 14 yr) with B. bronchiseptica cultured from the respiratory tract. Two of the four patients also acquired their illnesses from pet dogs and two from unknown sources. One lung transplant recipient expired from progressive respiratory failure. We conclude that B. bronchiseptica can cause serious infections in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent children. We speculate that a detailed history of exposure to ill pets (particularly dogs), and the immunization status of all pets should be included in the routine evaluation of all pediatric transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarah Ner
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Keck-USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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McArthur JD, West NP, Cole JN, Jungnitz H, Guzmán CA, Chin J, Lehrbach PR, Djordjevic SP, Walker MJ. An aromatic amino acid auxotrophic mutant of Bordetella bronchiseptica is attenuated and immunogenic in a mouse model of infection. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2003; 221:7-16. [PMID: 12694904 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have constructed an aromatic amino acid auxotrophic mutant of Bordetella bronchiseptica, harbouring mutations in aroA and trpE to investigate the use of such a strain as a live-attenuated vaccine. B. bronchiseptica aroA trpE was unable to grow in minimal medium without aromatic supplementation. Compared to the parental wild-type strain, the mutant displayed significantly reduced abilities to invade and survive within the mouse macrophage-like cell line J774A.1 in vitro and in the murine respiratory tract following experimental intranasal infection. Mice vaccinated with B. bronchiseptica aroA trpE displayed significant dose-dependent increases in B. bronchiseptica-specific antibody responses, and exhibited increases in the number of B. bronchiseptica-reactive spleen cells in lymphoproliferation assays. Immunised animals were protected against lung colonisation after challenge with the wild-type parental strain. With such a broad host range displayed by B. bronchiseptica, the attenuated strain constructed in this study may not only be used for the prevention of B. bronchiseptica-associated disease, but also for the potential delivery of heterologous antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D McArthur
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Lo Re V, Brennan PJ, Wadlin J, Weaver R, Nachamkin I. Infected branchial cleft cyst due to Bordetella bronchiseptica in an immunocompetent patient. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:4210-2. [PMID: 11682564 PMCID: PMC88521 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.11.4210-4212.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy 23-year-old man with fever and a tender mass in his right anterior neck was found to have a branchial cleft cyst infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica. Initial testing suggested a Brucella species, but further laboratory testing identified the organism definitively. B. bronchiseptica infection in healthy adults is an unusual event.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lo Re
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4283, USA
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Sacco RE, Register KB, Nordholm GE. Restriction endonuclease analysis discriminates Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:4387-93. [PMID: 11101569 PMCID: PMC87610 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.12.4387-4393.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One hundred ninety-five Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates from 12 different host species worldwide were characterized by restriction enzyme analysis (REA). These isolates had previously been categorized into 19 PvuII ribotypes. Twenty restriction endonucleases were evaluated for use in REA. Digestion of chromosomal DNA with HinfI, followed by submarine electrophoresis in agarose gels and staining with ethidium bromide, produced DNA fragments in the 4.0- to 10-kb range, which readily discriminated B. bronchiseptica isolates, resulting in 48 fingerprint patterns. Moreover, AluI digestion of chromosomal DNA produced 39 distinct fingerprint profiles with DNA fragments ranging from 6.0 to 20.0 kb. While REA frequently provided more discriminatory power than ribotyping, there were examples where the use of ribotyping was more discriminatory than REA. Passage of selected isolates up to passage 25 did not change the REA profile. Moreover, the Bvg phase did not alter the fingerprint profile of chromosomal DNA from B. bronchiseptica strains digested with HinfI or AluI. Based on the results presented herein, the combination of REA and ribotyping should provide valuable information in understanding the molecular epidemiology of B. bronchiseptica infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Sacco
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
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Petrocheilou-Paschou V, Georgilis K, Kostis E, Prifti H, Zakopoulos N, Stamatelopoulos S. Bronchitis caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in an elderly woman. Clin Microbiol Infect 2000; 6:147-8. [PMID: 11168091 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2000.00034-1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Petrocheilou-Paschou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, 80 Vas. Sofias Avenue, Athens 11528, Greece
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Barrio VR, Darmstadt GL. Rash and opportunistic pneumonia in a malnourished infant adopted from China. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:408-9. [PMID: 10671361 DOI: 10.1086/313673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Gilleece AC, Fenelon L. Unusual infections and novel therapy in the immunocompromised host. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1999; 12:379-83. [PMID: 17035803 DOI: 10.1097/00001432-199908000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many of the reports of infection in immunocompromised patients over the past year have been caused by unusual bacterial pathogens or fungi, which are often multiresistant and difficult to treat. Although many difficulties still remain some progress has been made over the past year in the development of new antimicrobial agents and alternative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gilleece
- Department of Microbiology, St Vincents Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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