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Ginolfi M, Piconcelli E, Zappacosta L, Jones GC, Pentericci L, Maiolino R, Travascio A, Menci N, Carniani S, Rizzo F, Arrigoni Battaia F, Cantalupo S, De Breuck C, Graziani L, Knudsen K, Laursen P, Mainieri V, Schneider R, Stanley F, Valiante R, Verhamme A. Detection of companion galaxies around hot dust-obscured hyper-luminous galaxy W0410-0913. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4574. [PMID: 35931777 PMCID: PMC9355969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase transition between galaxies and quasars is often identified with the rare population of hyper-luminous, hot dust-obscured galaxies. Galaxy formation models predict these systems to grow via mergers, that can deliver large amounts of gas toward their centers, induce intense bursts of star formation and feed their supermassive black holes. Here we report the detection of 24 galaxies emitting Lyman-α emission on projected physical scales of about 400 kpc around the hyper-luminous hot dust-obscured galaxy W0410-0913, at redshift z = 3.631, using Very Large Telescope observations. While this indicates that W0410-0913 evolves in a very dense environment, we do not find clear signs of mergers that could sustain its growth. Data suggest that if mergers occurred, as models expect, these would involve less massive satellites, with only a moderate impact on the internal interstellar medium of W0410-0913, which is sustained by a rotationally-supported fast-rotating molecular disk, as Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations suggest. Lyman-alpha emission is one of the observational probes for the high-redshift universe. Here, the authors show several Lyman-alpha emitting companion galaxies around the hot dust-obscured galaxy W0410-091 suggesting that the galaxy evolves in a very dense environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ginolfi
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany.
| | - E Piconcelli
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - L Zappacosta
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - G C Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 4RH, UK.,Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.,Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
| | - L Pentericci
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - R Maiolino
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Ave., Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.,Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
| | - A Travascio
- Department of Physics, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126, Milano, Italy
| | - N Menci
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - S Carniani
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Rizzo
- Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 128, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - F Arrigoni Battaia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - S Cantalupo
- Department of Physics, University of Milan Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126, Milano, Italy
| | - C De Breuck
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - L Graziani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza, Universita di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - K Knudsen
- Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92, Onsala, Sweden
| | - P Laursen
- Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 128, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - V Mainieri
- European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, D-85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - R Schneider
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza, Universita di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - F Stanley
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6 & CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98b boulevard Arago, 75014, Paris, France
| | - R Valiante
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - A Verhamme
- Observatoire de Genéve, Université de Genève, 51 Ch. des Maillettes, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland
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Díaz-Santos T, Assef RJ, Blain AW, Aravena M, Stern D, Tsai CW, Eisenhardt P, Wu J, Jun HD, Dibert K, Inami H, Lansbury G, Leclercq F. The multiple merger assembly of a hyperluminous obscured quasar at redshift 4.6. Science 2018; 362:1034-1036. [PMID: 30442765 DOI: 10.1126/science.aap7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Galaxy mergers and gas accretion from the cosmic web drove the growth of galaxies and their central black holes at early epochs. We report spectroscopic imaging of a multiple merger event in the most luminous known galaxy, WISE J224607.56-052634.9 (W2246-0526), a dust-obscured quasar at redshift 4.6, 1.3 billion years after the Big Bang. Far-infrared dust continuum observations show three galaxy companions around W2246-0526 with disturbed morphologies, connected by streams of dust likely produced by the dynamical interaction. The detection of tidal dusty bridges shows that W2246-0526 is accreting its neighbors, suggesting that merger activity may be a dominant mechanism through which the most luminous galaxies simultaneously obscure and feed their central supermassive black holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Díaz-Santos
- Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago, 8320000, Chile.
| | - R J Assef
- Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago, 8320000, Chile
| | - A W Blain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - M Aravena
- Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago, 8320000, Chile
| | - D Stern
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - C-W Tsai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - P Eisenhardt
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - J Wu
- National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, China
| | - H D Jun
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 85 Hoegiro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - K Dibert
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - H Inami
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - G Lansbury
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
| | - F Leclercq
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
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