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Sharma A, Wen B, Liu B, Myint YW, Zhang H, Lu Y. Defect Engineering in Few-Layer Phosphorene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704556. [PMID: 29571222 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Defect engineering in 2D phosphorene samples is becoming an important and powerful technique to alter their properties, enabling new optoelectronic applications, particularly at the infrared wavelength region. Defect engineering in a few-layer phosphorene sample via introduction of substrate trapping centers is realized. In a three-layer (3L) phosphorene sample, a strong photoluminescence (PL) emission peak from localized excitons at ≈1430 nm is observed, a much lower energy level than free excitonic emissions. An activation energy of ≈77 meV for the localized excitons is determined in temperature-dependent PL measurements. The relatively high activation energy supports the strong stability of the localized excitons even at elevated temperature. The quantum efficiency of localized exciton emission in 3L phosphorene is measured to be approximately three times higher than that of free excitons. These results could enable exciting applications in infrared optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Bo Wen
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Boqing Liu
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ye Win Myint
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Han Zhang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yuerui Lu
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Xu R, Yang J, Myint YW, Pei J, Yan H, Wang F, Lu Y. Exciton Brightening in Monolayer Phosphorene via Dimensionality Modification. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3493-3498. [PMID: 26990082 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exciton brightening in monolayer phosphorene is achieved via the dimensionality modification of excitons from quasi-1D to 0D. The luminescence quantum yield of 0D-like excitons is >33.6 times larger than that of quasi-1D free excitons. 2D phosphorene with quasi-1D free excitons and 0D-like excitons provides a unique platform to investigate the fundamental phenomena in the ideal 2D-1D-0D hybrid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Xu
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jiong Yang
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ye Win Myint
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jiajie Pei
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Han Yan
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Fan Wang
- ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Yuerui Lu
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Plochocka P, Mitioglu AA, Maude DK, Rikken GLJA, del Águila AG, Christianen PCM, Kacman P, Shtrikman H. High magnetic field reveals the nature of excitons in a single GaAs/AlAs core/shell nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:2442-2447. [PMID: 23634970 DOI: 10.1021/nl400417x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Magneto-photoluminescence measurements of individual zinc-blende GaAs/AlAs core/shell nanowires are reported. At low temperature, a strong emission line at 1.507 eV is observed under low power (nW) excitation. Measurements performed in high magnetic field allowed us to detect in this emission several lines associated with excitons bound to defect pairs. Such lines were observed before in epitaxial GaAs of very high quality, as reported by Kunzel and Ploog. This demonstrates that the optical quality of our GaAs/AlAs core/shell nanowires is comparable to the best GaAs layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Moreover, strong free exciton emission is observed even at room temperature. The bright optical emission of our nanowires in room temperature should open the way for numerous optoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Plochocka
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, UPR 3228, CNRS-UJF-UPS-INSA, Grenoble and Toulouse, France.
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Eaves L, Skolnick MS, Halliday DP. Comment on the time-resolved photoluminescence study of MBE-growth-induced defect lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/19/20/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Cheng Y, Stavola M, Abernathy CR, Pearton SJ, Hobson WS. Aligned defect complex containing carbon and hydrogen in as-grown GaAs epitaxial layers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:2469-2476. [PMID: 10011080 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Charbonneau S, Thewalt ML. Optical properties of shallow defect-related acceptors in GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:8221-8228. [PMID: 9993145 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.8221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Charbonneau S, Steiner T, Thewalt ML. Photoluminescence decay times of the defect-induced bound-exciton lines in GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:2861-2864. [PMID: 9994052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.2861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Nash KJ, Skolnick MS, Claxton PA, Roberts JS. Diamagnetism as a probe of exciton localization in quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 39:10943-10954. [PMID: 9947905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.10943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Charbonneau S, McMullan WG, Thewalt ML. Resonant photoluminescence studies of the growth-induced defects in GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:3587-3590. [PMID: 9946717 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Skolnick MS, Halliday DP, Tu CW. Zeeman spectroscopy of the defect-induced bound-exciton lines in GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:4165-4179. [PMID: 9946791 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Beye AC, Gil B, Neu G, Vèrié C. Electronic structure of molecular-beam-epitaxy growth-induced defects in GaAs. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:4514-4527. [PMID: 9945110 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Skolnick MS, Tu CW, Harris TD. High-resolution spectroscopy of defect-bound excitons and acceptors in GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1986; 33:8468-8474. [PMID: 9938245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.8468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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