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Identification of Pink-Coloured CVD Synthetic Diamonds from Huzhou Sino-C Semiconductor Co. in China. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11080872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing numbers of pink-coloured CVD synthetic diamonds have appeared on the market. One of the major sources is Huzhou SinoC Semiconductor Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang province of China. In this article, seven pink-coloured CVD-grown diamonds produced in the last two years by Huzhou have been investigated and identified, including their gemological and spectroscopic characteristics. In DiamondView, they fluoresced orange–red, with an obscure striated growth structure, which is common for CVD synthetics. The mid-IR absorption spectra of these samples showed some single nitrogen and hydrogen-related features (1130, 1344, 3123, 3323 cm−1), which indicated that the diamonds were type Ib and were CVD-grown diamonds. The H1a defect annealed out at approximately 1400 °C, whereas the 3107 cm−1 defect was produced by annealing above 1700 or 1800 °C. This implied that the samples had undergone two separate heat treatments: first, a high-temperature anneal (possibly an HPHT treatment to reduce any brown colour), which would have produced the 3107 cm−1 defects and a small number of A centres, followed by irradiation, followed by annealing above 800 °C to make the vacancies mobile. The UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectra showed distinct NV-related features (575 and 637 nm), the main reason for the pink colour. Photoluminescence spectra obtained at liquid nitrogen temperature recorded radiation-related emissions (388.9, 503.5 nm), a strong N-V centre, H3 and H2 defects, and many unassigned emissions. These pink CVD products can be separated from natural and treated pink-coloured diamonds by a combination of optical spectroscopic properties, such as fluorescence colour, and absorption features in the infrared and UV–Vis regions.
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Fabisiak K, Łoś S, Paprocki K, Szybowicz M, Winiecki J, Dychalska A. Orientation Dependence of Cathodoluminescence and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Defects in Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Diamond Microcrystal. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13235446. [PMID: 33260474 PMCID: PMC7730111 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Point defects, impurities, and defect–impurity complexes in diamond microcrystals were studied with the cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy in the scanning electron microscope, photoluminescence (PL), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). Such defects can influence the directions that microcrystals are grown. Micro-diamonds were obtained by a hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HF CVD) technique from the methane–hydrogen gas mixture. The CL spectra of diamond microcrystals taken from (100) and (111) crystallographic planes were compared to the CL spectrum of a (100) oriented Element Six diamond monocrystal. The following color centers were identified: 2.52, 2.156, 2.055 eV attributed to a nitrogen–vacancy complex and a violet-emitting center (A-band) observed at 2.82 eV associated with dislocation line defects, whose atomic structure is still under discussion. The Raman studies showed that the planes (111) are more defective in comparison to (100) planes. What is reflected in the CL spectra as (111) shows a strong band in the UV region (2.815 eV) which is not observed in the case of the (100) plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazimierz Fabisiak
- Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.F.); (K.P.)
| | - Szymon Łoś
- Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.F.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.Ł.); (M.S.)
| | - Kazimierz Paprocki
- Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.F.); (K.P.)
| | - Mirosław Szybowicz
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60965 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (S.Ł.); (M.S.)
| | - Janusz Winiecki
- Oncology Center, Medical Physics Department, ul. Romanowskiej 2, 85796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Chair and Clinic Oncology and Brachytherapy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Dychalska
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznań University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60965 Poznań, Poland;
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan P. Goss
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Ben L. Green
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul W. May
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Mark E. Newton
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Chloe V. Peaker
- Gemological Institute of America, 50 West 47th Street, New York, New York 10036, United States
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Johnstone GE, Cairns GS, Patton BR. Nanodiamonds enable adaptive-optics enhanced, super-resolution, two-photon excitation microscopy. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190589. [PMID: 31417755 PMCID: PMC6689623 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Particles of diamond in the 5-100 nm size range, known as nanodiamond (ND), have shown promise as robust fluorophores for optical imaging. We demonstrate here that, due to their photostability, they are not only suitable for two-photon imaging, but also allow significant resolution enhancement when combined with computational super-resolution techniques. We observe a resolution of 42.5 nm when processing two-photon images with the Super-Resolution Radial Fluctuations algorithm. We show manipulation of the point-spread function of the microscope using adaptive optics. This demonstrates how the photostability of ND can also be of use when characterizing adaptive optics technologies or testing the resilience of super-resolution or aberration correction algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian R. Patton
- Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
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Singh S, Thomas V, Martyshkin D, Kozlovskaya V, Kharlampieva E, Catledge SA. Spatially controlled fabrication of a bright fluorescent nanodiamond-array with enhanced far-red Si-V luminescence. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:045302. [PMID: 24394286 PMCID: PMC3956127 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/4/045302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel approach to precisely pattern fluorescent nanodiamond-arrays with enhanced far-red intense photostable luminescence from silicon-vacancy (Si-V) defect centers. The precision-patterned pre-growth seeding of nanodiamonds is achieved by a scanning probe 'dip-pen' nanolithography technique using electrostatically driven transfer of nanodiamonds from 'inked' cantilevers to a UV-treated hydrophilic SiO2 substrate. The enhanced emission from nanodiamond dots in the far-red is achieved by incorporating Si-V defect centers in a subsequent chemical vapor deposition treatment. The development of a suitable nanodiamond ink and mechanism of ink transport, and the effect of humidity and dwell time on nanodiamond patterning are investigated. The precision patterning of as-printed (pre-CVD) arrays with dot diameter and dot height as small as 735 nm ± 27 nm and 61 nm ± 3 nm, respectively, and CVD-treated fluorescent ND-arrays with consistently patterned dots having diameter and height as small as 820 nm ± 20 nm and, 245 nm ± 23 nm, respectively, using 1 s dwell time and 30% RH is successfully achieved. We anticipate that the far-red intense photostable luminescence (~738 nm) observed from Si-V defect centers integrated in spatially arranged nanodiamonds could be beneficial for the development of next generation fluorescence-based devices and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Singh
- Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration (CNMB), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration (CNMB), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Dmitry Martyshkin
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Shane A. Catledge
- Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration (CNMB), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294-1170, USA
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Kessler EM, Yelin S, Lukin MD, Cirac JI, Giedke G. Optical superradiance from nuclear spin environment of single-photon emitters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:143601. [PMID: 20481939 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.143601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We show that superradiant optical emission can be observed from the polarized nuclear spin ensemble surrounding a single-photon emitter such as a single quantum dot or nitrogen-vacancy center. The superradiant light is emitted under optical pumping conditions and would be observable with realistic experimental parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Kessler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Bradac C, Gaebel T, Naidoo N, Rabeau JR, Barnard AS. Prediction and measurement of the size-dependent stability of fluorescence in diamond over the entire nanoscale. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:3555-64. [PMID: 19705805 DOI: 10.1021/nl9017379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent defects in noncytotoxic diamond nanoparticles are candidates for qubits in quantum computing, optical labels in biomedical imaging, and sensors in magnetometry. For each application these defects need to be optically and thermodynamically stable and included in individual particles at suitable concentrations (singly or in large numbers). In this Letter, we combine simulations, theory, and experiment to provide the first comprehensive and generic prediction of the size, temperature, and nitrogen-concentration-dependent stability of optically active N-V defects in nanodiamonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bradac
- Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Barnard AS, Vlasov II, Ralchenko VG. Predicting the distribution and stability of photoactive defect centers in nanodiamond biomarkers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b813515k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shabanova E, Schaumburg K, Sellschop JPF. 13C NMR Investigations of Spin-Lattice Relaxation in 99% 13C-Enriched Diamonds. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 1998; 130:8-17. [PMID: 9469891 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.1997.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The paper is devoted to investigations of spin-lattice relaxation processes in 99% 13C-enriched diamonds. Relaxation time measurements were performed as a function of orientation, magnetic field, and temperature. Both experimental results and theoretical discussion are presented. Multiexponential behavior of nuclear magnetization recovery was observed. There was found no significant influence of the diamond orientation on the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation. The field dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation time was found to be proportional to the second power of the magnetic field. The temperature measurements showed a weak increase of the spin-lattice relaxation time with decreasing temperature. Possible mechanisms of impurity relaxation are considered and compared with the experimental data. Copyright 1998 Academic Press. Copyright 1998 Academic Press
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Affiliation(s)
- E Shabanova
- CISMI, University of Copenhagen, Symbion Science Park, Fruebjergvej 3, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
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Kiflawi I, Mainwood A, Kanda H, Fisher D. Nitrogen interstitials in diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:16719-16726. [PMID: 9985801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.16719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Lin-Chung PJ. Local vibrational modes of impurities in diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:16905-16913. [PMID: 9976086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Muinov M, Kanda H, Stishov SM. Raman scattering in diamond at high pressure: Isotopic effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:13860-13862. [PMID: 9975600 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Yamanaka T, Morimoto S, Kanda H. Influence of the isotope ratio on the lattice constant of diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:9341-9343. [PMID: 10009731 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.9341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Ramdas AK, Rodriguez S, Grimsditch M, Anthony TR, Banholzer WF. Effect of isotopic constitution of diamond on its elastic constants: 13C diamond, the hardest known material. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:189-192. [PMID: 10054405 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Davies G, Lawson SC, Collins AT, Mainwood A, Sharp SJ. Vacancy-related centers in diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:13157-13170. [PMID: 10003356 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Hass KC, Tamor MA, Anthony TR, Banholzer WF. Lattice dynamics and Raman spectra of isotopically mixed diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:7171-7182. [PMID: 10000487 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.7171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Zollner S, Cardona M, Gopalan S. Isotope and temperature shifts of direct and indirect band gaps in diamond-type semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:3376-3385. [PMID: 10001912 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Holloway H, Hass KC, Tamor MA, Anthony TR, Banholzer WF. Isotopic dependence of the lattice constant of diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:7123-7126. [PMID: 9998614 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.7123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Fuchs HD, Grein CH, Thomsen C, Cardona M, Hansen WL, Haller EE, Itoh K. Comparison of the phonon spectra of 70Ge and natural Ge crystals: Effects of isotopic disorder. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:4835-4842. [PMID: 9997854 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.4835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Collins AT, Lawson SC, Davies G, Kanda H. Indirect energy gap of 13C diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 65:891-894. [PMID: 10043049 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.65.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Robins LH, Cook LP, Farabaugh EN, Feldman A. Cathodoluminescence of defects in diamond films and particles grown by hot-filament chemical-vapor deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989; 39:13367-13377. [PMID: 9948240 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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