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Lam J, Rennick CJ, Softley TP. A chopper system for shortening the duration of pulsed supersonic beams seeded with NO or Br2 down to 13 μs. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:053108. [PMID: 26026515 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A chopper wheel construct is used to shorten the duration of a molecular beam to 13 μs. Molecular beams seeded with NO or with Br2 and an initial pulse width of ≥200 μs were passed through a spinning chopper wheel, which was driven by a brushless DC in vacuo motor at a range of speeds, from 3000 rpm to 80,000 rpm. The resulting duration of the molecular-beam pulses measured at the laser detection volume ranged from 80 μs to 13 μs and was the same for both NO and Br2. The duration is consistent with a simple analytical model, and the minimum pulse width measured is limited by the spreading of the beam between the chopper and the detection point as a consequence of the longitudinal velocity distribution of the beam. The setup adopted here effectively eliminates buildup of background gas without the use of a differential pumping stage, and a clean narrow pulse is obtained with low rotational temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Rennick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy P Softley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Browett R, Hobson J, Gorry P, Nowikow C, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic oxygen atom beam : O + C2F5I. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978000102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gorry P, Browett R, Hobson J, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic oxygen atom beam : O+C2F4. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978000102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jarvis R, White R, Zhu Z, Smith D, Grice R. Transition state dynamics of F + ICl, C2H5I reactive scattering. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979200100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Davidson F, Duncan G, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic deuterium atom beam : D+Br2, CF3I, C2F5I, C3F7I. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978100103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Browett R, Hobson J, Davidson F, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic oxygen atom beam O + Cl2at threshold. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978100101221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fernie D, Smith D, Durkin A, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic oxygen atom beam: O + Br2. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978200101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.P. Fernie
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - D.J. Smith
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - A. Durkin
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - R. Grice
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
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Firth N, Keane N, Smith D, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic fluorine atom beam: F + I2. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978900100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N.C. Firth
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - N.W. Keane
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - D.J. Smith
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - R. Grice
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
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Hoffmann S, Smith D, Ureña AG, Steele T, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic chlorine atom beam: Cl + CH3I. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978400102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Veltman
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
- b British Gas, London Research Station , Michael Road, Fulham, London
| | - A. Durkin
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - D.J. Smith
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - R. Grice
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
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Davidson F, Clemo A, Duncan G, Browett R, Hobson J, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic oxygen atom beam : O + H2S. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268978200101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F.E. Davidson
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - A.R. Clemo
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - G.L. Duncan
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - R.J. Browett
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - J.H. Hobson
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
| | - R. Grice
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , England
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Harkin J, Smith D, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic fluorine atom beam: F + (CH3)3CI. Mol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979100100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.J. Harkin
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , U.K
| | - D.J. Smith
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , U.K
| | - R. Grice
- a Chemistry Department , University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , U.K
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Gorry PA, Grice R. Microwave discharge source for the production of supersonic atom and free radical beams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/12/9/018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Gao X, Essex-Lopresti J, Munro S, Hall MP, Smith DJ, Grice R. Role of Renner Teller and Spin−Orbit Interaction in the Dynamics of the O(3P) + CH2ICl Reaction. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp973079b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Gao
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - J. Essex-Lopresti
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - S. Munro
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - M. P. Hall
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. J. Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Mohr S, Goonan KM, Wells DD, Grice R. Reactive Scattering of OD Radicals with ICl and Br2 Molecules at Initial Translational Energy E ∼ 90 kJ mol-1. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9722364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mohr
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - K. M. Goonan
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. D. Wells
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Wells DD, Mohr S, Goonan KM, Hammer M, Grice R. Role of Renner Teller and Spin−Orbit Interaction in the Reactive Scattering of O(3P) Atoms with CF3I Molecules. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970880c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. D. Wells
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - S. Mohr
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - K. M. Goonan
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - M. Hammer
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Wang JJ, Smith DJ, Grice R. Role of Renner Teller and Spin−Orbit Interaction in the Dynamics of the O(3P) + C3H5I Reaction. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9622039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. J. Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Wang JJ, Smith DJ, Grice R. Displacement Dynamics of Fluorine Atoms Reacting with Bromobenzene and Iodobenzene Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9606366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. J. Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Wang JJ, Smith DJ, Grice R. Role of Intersystem Crossing in the Dynamics of the O(3P) + (CH3)2CHI, (CH3)3CI Reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. J. Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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Wang JJ, Smith DJ, Grice R. Role of Intersystem Crossing in the Dynamics of the O(3P) + C2H5I Reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953703p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Wang
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - D. J. Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - R. Grice
- Chemistry Department, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Powell L, Wells D, Wang J, Smith D, Grice R. Role of intersystem crossing in the dynamics of the O(3P)+ICl reaction. Mol Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979600100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhu Z, Smith D, Grice R. Displacement reaction dynamics of fluorine atoms with allyl iodide molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(94)03979-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Boom W, Huijsmans FJ, Beijerinck HC, Verhaar BJ. Energy-resolved intramultiplet mixing in the electron-volt range for Ne**{(2p)5(3p)}+He. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 49:4660-4675. [PMID: 9910786 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.4660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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White R, Smith D, Grice R. Reactive scattering of O(3P) atoms with alkyl and allyl iodide molecules. Chem Phys Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(92)85666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Harkin J, Jarvis R, Smith D, Grice R. Reactive scattering of a supersonic fluorine-atom beam: F + C2H5I, C3H7I, (CH3)2CHI. Mol Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979000101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Honma K, Kajimoto O. Crossed beam study of the reaction of van der Waals molecule O+(NO)2→NO*2+NO. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.452521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Whitehead J. Chapter 5 The Distribution of Energy in the Products of Simple Reactions. MODERN METHODS IN KINETICS 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0069-8040(08)70207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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