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Chen R, Kang J, Kang M, Lee H, Lee H. Silicon Pillar Structure Assisted Three Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Assembly: Fabrications and Rational Surface Modifications. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Department of Convergence Nanoscience, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haedong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haiwon Lee
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Convergence Nanoscience, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Kaiser AL, Stein IY, Cui K, Wardle BL. Process-morphology scaling relations quantify self-organization in capillary densified nanofiber arrays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:3876-3881. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Model-informed experiments reveal that cellular pattern formation in capillary-densified aligned carbon nanotube arrays is governed not only by their height, but also by substrate adhesion strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Kaiser
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Itai Y. Stein
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Kehang Cui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Brian L. Wardle
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
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De Nicola F, Castrucci P, Scarselli M, Nanni F, Cacciotti I, De Crescenzi M. Multi-fractal hierarchy of single-walled carbon nanotube hydrophobic coatings. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8583. [PMID: 25716718 PMCID: PMC4341200 DOI: 10.1038/srep08583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A hierarchical structure is an assembly with a multi-scale morphology and with a large and accessible surface area. Recent advances in nanomaterial science have made increasingly possible the design of hierarchical surfaces with specific and tunable properties. Here, we report the fractal analysis of hierarchical single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films realized by a simple, rapid, reproducible, and inexpensive filtration process from an aqueous dispersion, then deposited by drytransfer printing method on several substrates, at room temperature. Furthermore, by varying the thickness of carbon nanotube random networks, it is possible tailoring their wettability due to capillary phenomena in the porous films. Moreover, in order to describe the wetting properties of such surfaces, we introduce a two-dimensional extension of the Wenzel-Cassie-Baxter theory. The hierarchical surface roughness of SWCNT coatings coupled with their exceptional and tunable optical and electrical properties provide an ideal hydrophobic composite surface for a new class of optoelectronic and nanofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Nicola
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Castrucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela Scarselli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Impresa, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INSTM-UdR Roma Tor Vergata), Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cacciotti
- Universitá di Roma Niccoló Cusano (INSTM-UdR), Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio De Crescenzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00100 Roma, Italy
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Wang Y, Li M, Gu Y, Zhang X, Wang S, Li Q, Zhang Z. Tuning carbon nanotube assembly for flexible, strong and conductive films. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:3060-6. [PMID: 25607989 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are ideal scaffolds for designing and architecting flexible graphite films with tunable mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Herein, we demonstrate that the assembly of aligned carbon nanotubes with different aggregation density and morphology leads to different mechanical properties and anisotropic electrical conduction along the films. Using drying evaporation under tension treatment, the carbon nanotubes can be assembled into strong films with tensile strength and Young's modulus as high as 3.2 GPa and 124 GPa, respectively, leading to a remarkable toughness of 54.38 J g(-1), greatly outperforming conventional graphite films, spider webs and even Kevlar fiber films. Different types of solvents may result in the assembly of CNTs with different aggregation morphology and therefore different modulus. In addition, we reveal that the high density assembly of aligned CNTs correlates with better electric conduction along the axial direction, enabling these flexible graphite films to be both strong and conductive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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De Nicola F, Castrucci P, Scarselli M, Nanni F, Cacciotti I, De Crescenzi M. Exploiting the hierarchical morphology of single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube films for highly hydrophobic coatings. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:353-60. [PMID: 25821674 PMCID: PMC4362399 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled hierarchical solid surfaces are very interesting for wetting phenomena, as observed in a variety of natural and artificial surfaces. Here, we report single-walled (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) thin films realized by a simple, rapid, reproducible, and inexpensive filtration process from an aqueous dispersion, that was deposited at room temperature by a dry-transfer printing method on glass. Furthermore, the investigation of carbon nanotube films through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the multi-scale hierarchical morphology of the self-assembled carbon nanotube random networks. Moreover, contact angle measurements show that hierarchical SWCNT/MWCNT composite surfaces exhibit a higher hydrophobicity (contact angles of up to 137°) than bare SWCNT (110°) and MWCNT (97°) coatings, thereby confirming the enhancement produced by the surface hierarchical morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Nicola
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Castrucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela Scarselli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Impresa, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INSTM-UdR Roma Tor Vergata), Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cacciotti
- Universitá di Roma Niccolò Cusano (INSTM-UdR), Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio De Crescenzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata (INFN-Roma Tor Vergata), Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00100 Roma, Italy
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Boonbumrung A, Sae-oui P, Sirisinha C. Dispersion Enhancement of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Nitrile Rubber. INT POLYM PROC 2014. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A study of reinforcement mechanism of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in nitrile rubber (NBR) matrix was carried out. Attempts to enhance the dispersion degree of MWCNT and the NBR-MWCNT interaction were conducted using numerous approaches, namely, sonication and chemical treatments of MWCNT with nitric acid (HNO3), nitric-sulfuric acid mixture (HNO3/H2SO4) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4). Rheological behavior, dynamic properties and electrical properties of MWCNT/NBR vulcanizates were monitored. Results gained reveal the magnitude of Payne effect increases with MWCNT content and mixing time. The expanded MWCNT and continuous-network formation are observed with an increase in mixing time, yielding enhanced mechanical properties and electrical properties. With MWCNT modification, a significant reduction in the state-of-mix of MWCNT composites is exhibited. SEM results demonstrate the highest magnitude of MWCNT dispersion in the system with HNO3, but relatively poor interaction with NBR. The HNO3/H2SO4 or KMnO4 system demonstrates poor MWCNT dispersion after treatment which is probably due to the compaction of MWCNT during the drying stage after the chemical treatment process, giving the detrimental effect to mechanical and electrical properties of vulcanizates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Boonbumrung
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok , Thailand
| | - P. Sae-oui
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center , Pathumthani , Thailand
| | - C. Sirisinha
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok , Thailand
- Rubber Technology Research Centre (RTEC) , Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom , Thailand
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Rakov EG. Materials made of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube forest. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n06abeh004340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sun X, Chen T, Yang Z, Peng H. The alignment of carbon nanotubes: an effective route to extend their excellent properties to macroscopic scale. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:539-49. [PMID: 23170988 DOI: 10.1021/ar300221r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To improve the practical application of carbon nanotubes, it is critically important to extend their physical properties from the nanoscale to the macroscopic scale. Recently, chemists aligned continuous multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sheets and fibers to produce materials with high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. This provided an important clue to the use of MWCNTs at macroscopic scale. Researchers have made multiple efforts to optimize this aligned structure and improve the properties of MWCNT sheets and fibers. In this Account, we briefly highlight the new synthetic methods and promising applications of aligned MWCNTs for organic optoelectronic materials and devices. We describe several general methods to prepare both horizontally and perpendicularly aligned MWCNT/polymer composite films, through an easy solution or melting process. The composite films exhibit the combined properties of being flexible, transparent, and electrically conductive. These advances may pave the way to new flexible substrates for organic solar cells, sensing devices, and other related applications. Similarly, we discuss the synthesis of aligned MWCNT/polymer composite fibers with interesting mechanical and electrical properties. Through these methods, we can incorporate a wide variety of soluble or fusible polymers for such composite films and fibers. In addition, we can later introduce functional polymers with conjugated backbones or side chains to improve the properties of these composite materials. In particular, cooperative interactions between aligned MWCNTs and polymers can produce novel properties that do not occur individually. Common examples of this are two types of responsive polymers, photodeformable azobenzene-containing liquid crystalline polymer and chromatic polydiacetylene. Aligning the structure of MWCNTs induces the orientation of azobenzene-containing mesogens, and produces photodeformable polymer elastomers. This strategy also solves the long-standing problems from the traditional mechanical rubbing method, which include production of broken debris and structure damage during fabrication and building up electrostatic charge during use. Aligning MWCNTs induces a conformational change in polydiacetylene, which causes the composite fibers to be electrochromatic, a previously unknown reaction in chromatic polymers. Due to their large surface area, flexibility, electrical conductivity, and remarkable electrocatalytic activity, aligned MWCNT films can be used as counter electrodes to produce highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, chemists have developed new electrodes from the aligned MWCNT fibers to make a family of high-performing, wire-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhibin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Nithiyasri P, Balaji K, Brindha P, Parthasarathy M. Programmable self-assembly of carbon nanotubes assisted by reversible denaturation of a protein. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:465603. [PMID: 23095367 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/46/465603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous dispersion using a protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), has been demonstrated. Step-wise conformational changes in BSA as a function of temperature have been deployed to direct the assembly of nanotubes. More specifically, CNTs distributed randomly in native BSA at 35 °C as well as completely denatured BSA solution at 80 °C self-assemble in the intermediate temperature range of 45-65 °C, as evident from scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and fluorescence studies indicate significant changes in the α-helical content of the protein with respect to the amide I and II bands and tryptophan emission intensity, respectively. The stability of CNT dispersion in BSA solution has been attributed to the hydrophobic interaction between nanotubes and the protein molecule by adding sodium cholate to the dispersion. Moreover, a mechanism based on electrostatic repulsion between BSA-bound CNTs has been proposed for the thermally reversible assembly of CNTs in BSA solution based on evidence from zeta potential measurements and FTIR spectroscopy. Thus the present report demonstrates bio-mimetic self-assembly of as-synthesized CNTs using changes in surface charge and conformation of an unfolding protein for biomedical applications and nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nithiyasri
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
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Fusi M, Di Fonzo F, Casari CS, Maccallini E, Caruso T, Agostino RG, Bottani CE, Li Bassi A. Island organization of TiO2 hierarchical nanostructures induced by surface wetting and drying. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:1935-1941. [PMID: 21247199 DOI: 10.1021/la103955q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the reorganization and bundling of titanium oxide nanostructured layers, induced by wetting with different solvents and subsequent drying. TiO(2) layers are deposited by pulsed laser deposition and are characterized by vertically oriented, columnar-like structures resulting from assembling of nanosized particles; capillary forces acting during evaporation induce bundling of these structures and lead to a micrometer-size patterning with statistically uniform islands separated by channels. The resulting surface is characterized by a hierarchical, multiscale morphology over the nanometer-micrometer length range. The structural features of the pattern, i.e., characteristic length, island size, and channel width, are shown to depend on properties of the liquid (i.e., surface tension) and thickness and density of the TiO(2) layers. The studied phenomenon permits the controlled production of multiscale hierarchically patterned surfaces of nanostructured TiO(2) with large porosity and large surface area, characterized by superhydrophilic wetting behavior without need for UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fusi
- NEMAS (Center for NanoEngineered MAterials and Surfaces) and Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Ohta R, Gunjishima I, Shinozaki K, Hatanaka T, Okamoto A, Nishikawa K. Anti-agglomerating effect in vertically aligned carbon nanotubes derived by antisolvent precipitation of naphthalene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5259-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c002693j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Peng H, Sun X. Highly aligned carbon nanotube/polymer composites with much improved electrical conductivities. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Peng H, Sun X. Macroporous carbon nanotube arrays with tunable pore sizes and their template applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1058-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b820240k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pint CL, Xu YQ, Pasquali M, Hauge RH. Formation of highly dense aligned ribbons and transparent films of single-walled carbon nanotubes directly from carpets. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1871-1878. [PMID: 19206427 DOI: 10.1021/nn8003718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing aligned carbon nanotube arrays grown from chemical vapor deposition, we present a highly scalable route toward the formation of ribbons and ultrathin transparent films directly from vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotube arrays (SWNT carpets). To "lay-over" the aligned nanotubes to form a film, we use a roller which acts to compress the film and preserve the alignment of nanotubes within the film. As we demonstrate, we can control the nanotube-catalyst interaction, leading to highly efficient transfer of the film to virtually any host substrate by following growth with a controlled H(2)O vapor etch. In addition, we demonstrate our ability to grow carpets on patterned substrates leading to upright carpet lines, which can be rolled over to form transparent films composed of ultralong carbon nanotubes. This work demonstrates a highly scalable technique to form homogeneous, transparent films of aligned SWNTs that can be ultralong with absolutely no need for liquid phase SWNT processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cary L Pint
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Mwenifumbo S, Shaffer MS, Stevens MM. Exploring cellular behaviour with multi-walled carbon nanotube constructs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b617708e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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