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Tosi G, Duskey JT, Kreuter J. Nanoparticles as carriers for drug delivery of macromolecules across the blood-brain barrier. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 17:23-32. [PMID: 31774000 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1698544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Current therapies of neurodegenerative or neurometabolic diseases are, to a large extent, hampered by the inability of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This very tight barrier severely restricts the entrance of molecules from the blood into the brain, especially macromolecular substances (i.e. neurotrophic factors, enzymes, proteins, as well as genetic materials). Due to their size, physicochemical properties, and instability, the delivery of these materials is particularly difficult.Areas covered: Recent research showed that biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles possessing tailored surface properties can enable a delivery of drugs and specifically of macromolecules across the blood-brain barrier by using carrier systems of the brain capillary endothelium (Trojan Horse strategy). In the present review, the state-of-art of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery of different macromolecular substances into the brain following intravenous injection is summarized, and different nanomedicines that are used to enable the transport of neurotrophic factors and enzymes across the blood-brain barrier into the CNS are critically analyzed.Expert opinion: Brain delivery of macromolecules by an intravenous application using nanomedicines is now a growing area of interest which could be really translated into clinical application if dedicated effort will be given to industrial scale-up production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tosi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia
| | - J T Duskey
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia
| | - Jörg Kreuter
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
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Belletti D, Riva G, Luppi M, Tosi G, Forni F, Vandelli M, Ruozi B, Pederzoli F. Anticancer drug-loaded quantum dots engineered polymeric nanoparticles: Diagnosis/therapy combined approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:230-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Medina DX, Householder KT, Ceton R, Kovalik T, Heffernan JM, Shankar RV, Bowser RP, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Sirianni RW. Optical barcoding of PLGA for multispectral analysis of nanoparticle fate in vivo. J Control Release 2017; 253:172-182. [PMID: 28263836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanisms by which systemically administered nanoparticles achieve delivery across biological barriers remains incomplete, due in part to the challenge of tracking nanoparticle fate in the body. Here, we develop a new approach for "barcoding" nanoparticles composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with bright, spectrally defined quantum dots (QDs) to enable direct, fluorescent detection of nanoparticle fate with subcellular resolution. We show that QD labeling does not affect major biophysical properties of nanoparticles or their interaction with cells and tissues. Live cell imaging enabled simultaneous visualization of the interaction of control and targeted nanoparticles with bEnd.3 cells in a flow chamber, providing direct evidence that surface modification of nanoparticles with the cell-penetrating peptide TAT increases their biophysical association with cell surfaces over very short time periods under convective current. We next developed this technique for quantitative biodistribution analysis in vivo. These studies demonstrate that nanoparticle surface modification with the cell penetrating peptide TAT facilitates brain-specific delivery that is restricted to brain vasculature. Although nanoparticle entry into the healthy brain parenchyma is minimal, with no evidence for movement of nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we observed that nanoparticles are able to enter to the central nervous system (CNS) through regions of altered BBB permeability - for example, into circumventricular organs in the brain or leaky vasculature of late-stage intracranial tumors. In sum, these data demonstrate a new, multispectral approach for barcoding PLGA, which enables simultaneous, quantitative analysis of the fate of multiple nanoparticle formulations in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David X Medina
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Kyle T Householder
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Ricki Ceton
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Tina Kovalik
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - John M Heffernan
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Rohini V Shankar
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Robert P Bowser
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rachael W Sirianni
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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