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Wang C, Cui X, Wang S, Dong W, Hu H, Cai X, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Liu L. Anisotropic mechanical properties of α-MoO 3 nanosheets. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4140-4147. [PMID: 38333953 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical behaviors of 2D materials are fundamentally important for their potential applications in various fields. α-Molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) crystals with unique electronic, optical, and electrochemical properties, have attracted extensive attention for their use in optoelectronic and energy conversion devices. From a mechanical viewpoint, however, there is limited information available on the mechanical properties of α-MoO3. Here, we developed a capillary force-assisted peeling method to directly transfer α-MoO3 nanosheets onto arbitrary substrates. Comparatively, we could effectively avoid surface contamination arising from the polymer-assisted transfer method. Furthermore, with the help of an in situ push-to-pull (PTP) device during SEM, we systematically investigated the tensile properties of α-MoO3. The measured Young's modulus and fracture strengths along the c-axis (91.7 ± 13.7 GPa and 2.1 ± 0.9 GPa, respectively) are much higher than those along the a-axis (55.9 ± 8.6 GPa and 0.8 ± 0.3 GPa, respectively). The in-plane mechanical anisotropy ratio can reach ∼1.64. Both Young's modulus and the fracture strength of MoO3 show apparent size dependence. Additionally, the multilayer α-MoO3 nanosheets exhibited brittle fracture with interplanar sliding due to poor van der Waals interaction. Our study provides some key points regarding the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of layered α-MoO3 nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuwei Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Shijun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Wenlong Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Luqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Kim D, Vasileiadou ES, Spanopoulos I, Wang X, Yan J, Kanatzidis MG, Tu Q. Unveiling the Fatigue Behavior of 2D Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites: Insights for Long-Term Durability. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303133. [PMID: 37414727 PMCID: PMC10502673 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are commonly found under subcritical cyclic stresses and suffer from fatigue issues during device operation. However, their fatigue properties remain unknown. Here, the fatigue behavior of (C4 H9 -NH3 )2 (CH3 NH3 )2 Pb3 I10 , the archetype 2D HOIP, is systematically investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is found that 2D HOIPs are much more fatigue resilient than polymers and can survive over 1 billion cycles. 2D HOIPs tend to exhibit brittle failure at high mean stress levels, but behave as ductile materials at low mean stress levels. These results suggest the presence of a plastic deformation mechanism in these ionic 2D HOIPs at low mean stress levels, which may contribute to the long fatigue lifetime, but is inhibited at higher mean stresses. The stiffness and strength of 2D HOIPs are gradually weakened under subcritical loading, potentially as a result of stress-induced defect nucleation and accumulation. The cyclic loading component can further accelerate this process. The fatigue lifetime of 2D HOIPs can be extended by reducing the mean stress, stress amplitude, or increasing the thickness. These results can provide indispensable insights into designing and engineering 2D HOIPs and other hybrid organic-inorganic materials for long-term mechanical durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science & EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77840USA
| | | | | | - Xuguang Wang
- Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801‐2352USA
| | - Jinhui Yan
- Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801‐2352USA
| | | | - Qing Tu
- Department of Materials Science & EngineeringTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77840USA
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Nanolayered CoCrFeNi/Graphene Composites with High Strength and Crack Resistance. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122113. [PMID: 35745452 PMCID: PMC9227879 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging high-entropy alloy (HEA) films achieve high strength but generally show ineludible brittle fractures, strongly restricting their micro/nano-mechanical and functional applications. Nanolayered (NL) CoCrFeNi/graphene composites are elaborately fabricated via magnetron sputtering and the transfer process. It is uncovered that NL CoCrFeNi/graphene composite pillars exhibit a simultaneous ultra-high strength of 4.73 GPa and considerable compressive plasticity of over 20%. Detailed electron microscope observations and simulations reveal that the monolayer graphene interface can effectively block the crack propagation and stimulate dislocations to accommodate further deformation. Our findings open avenues for the fabrication of high-performance, HEA-based composites, thereby addressing the challenges and unmet needs in flexible electronics and mechanical metamaterials.
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