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Crowley KD, Dow P, Shroyer JE, Groh JC, Dober B, Spisak J, Galitzki N, Bhandarkar T, Devlin MJ, Dicker S, Gallardo PA, Harrington K, Iuliano J, Johnson BR, Johnson D, Kofman AM, Kusaka A, Lee A, Limon M, Nati F, Orlowski-Scherer J, Page L, Randall M, Teply G, Tsan T, Wollack EJ, Xu Z, Zhu N. The Simons Observatory: A large-diameter truss for a refracting telescope cooled to 1 K. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:055106. [PMID: 35649759 DOI: 10.1063/5.0093857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and measured performance of a new carbon fiber strut design that is used in a cryogenically cooled truss for the Simons Observatory small aperture telescope. The truss consists of two aluminum 6061 rings separated by 24 struts. Each strut consists of a central carbon fiber tube fitted with two aluminum end caps. We tested the performance of the strut and truss by (i) cryogenically cycling and destructively pull-testing strut samples, (ii) non-destructively pull-testing the final truss, and (iii) measuring the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber tubes. We found that the strut strength is limited by the mounting fasteners and the strut end caps, not the epoxy adhesive or the carbon fiber tube. This result is consistent with our numerical predictions. Our thermal measurements suggest that the conductive heat load through the struts (from 4 to 1 K) will be less than 1 mW. This strut design may be a promising candidate for use in other cryogenic support structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Crowley
- Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Peter Dow
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Jordan E Shroyer
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - John C Groh
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Bradley Dober
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Jacob Spisak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas Galitzki
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Tanay Bhandarkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Mark J Devlin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Simon Dicker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Patricio A Gallardo
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Kathleen Harrington
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey Iuliano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Bradley R Johnson
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Delwin Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Anna M Kofman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Akito Kusaka
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Adrian Lee
- Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Michele Limon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Federico Nati
- Department of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, Milan (MI) 20126, Italy
| | - John Orlowski-Scherer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Lyman Page
- Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Michael Randall
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Grant Teply
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Tran Tsan
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Edward J Wollack
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Zhilei Xu
- MIT Kavli Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ningfeng Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Bianchini F, Wu W, Ade P, Anderson A, Austermann J, Avva J, Balkenhol L, Baxter E, Beall J, Bender A, Benson B, Bleem L, Carlstrom J, Chang C, Chaubal P, Chiang H, Chou T, Citron R, Corbett Moran C, Crawford T, Crites A, de Haan T, Dobbs M, Everett W, Gallicchio J, George E, Gilbert A, Gupta N, Halverson N, Henning J, Hilton G, Holder G, Holzapfel W, Hrubes J, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin K, Knox L, Lee A, Li D, Lowitz A, Manzotti A, McMahon J, Meyer S, Millea M, Mocanu L, Montgomery J, Nadolski A, Natoli T, Nibarger J, Noble G, Novosad V, Omori Y, Padin S, Patil S, Pryke C, Reichardt C, Ruhl J, Saliwanchik B, Schaffer K, Sievers C, Simard G, Smecher G, Stark A, Story K, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Veach T, Vieira J, Wang G, Whitehorn N, Yefremenko V. Searching for anisotropic cosmic birefringence with polarization data from SPTpol. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.083504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kennicutt MC, Bromwich D, Liggett D, Njåstad B, Peck L, Rintoul SR, Ritz C, Siegert MJ, Aitken A, Brooks CM, Cassano J, Chaturvedi S, Chen D, Dodds K, Golledge NR, Le Bohec C, Leppe M, Murray A, Nath PC, Raphael MN, Rogan-Finnemore M, Schroeder DM, Talley L, Travouillon T, Vaughan DG, Wang L, Weatherwax AT, Yang H, Chown SL. Sustained Antarctic Research: A 21st Century Imperative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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