Anomalous Hall effect due to magnetic chirality in the pyrochlore lattice

Topological Hall effect in SrRuO3thin films and heterostructures

Transition metal oxides hold a wide spectrum of fascinating properties endowed by the strong electron correlations. In 4dand 5doxides, exotic phases can be realized with the involvement of strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), such as unconventional magnetism and topological superconductivity. Recently, topological Hall effects (THEs) and magnetic skyrmions have been uncovered in SrRuO₃thin films and heterostructures, where the presence of SOC and inversion symmetry breaking at the interface are believed to play a key role. Realization of magnetic skyrmions in oxides not only offers a platform to study topological physics with correlated electrons, but also opens up new possibilities for magnetic oxides using in the low-power spintronic devices. In this review, we discuss recent observations of THE and skyrmions in the SRO film interfaced with various materials, with a focus on the electric tuning of THE. We conclude with a discussion on the directions of future research in this field.

Anomalous Hall effect arising from noncollinear antiferromagnetism

As established in the very early work of Edwin Hall, ferromagnetic conductors have an anomalous Hall conductivity contribution that cannot be attributed to Lorentz forces and therefore survives in the absence of a magnetic field. These anomalous Hall conductivities are normally assumed to be proportional to magnetization. We use symmetry arguments and first-principles electronic structure calculations to counter this assumption and to predict that Mn3Ir, a high-temperature antiferromagnet that is commonly employed in spin-valve devices, has a large anomalous Hall conductivity.

RKKY interactions and the anomalous Hall effect in metallic rare-earth pyrochlores

Motivated by experiments on Pr2Ir2O7, we consider metallic pyrochlore systems A2B2O7, where the A sites are occupied by rare-earth local moments and the B sites host 5d transition metal ions with itinerant strongly spin-orbit coupled electrons. Assuming non-Kramers doublets on the A site, we derive the RKKY interaction between them mediated by the B-site itinerant electrons and find extended non-Heisenberg interactions. Analyzing a simplified model of the RKKY interaction, we uncover a local moment phase with coexisting spiral Ising-like magnetic dipolar and XY-like quadrupolar ordering. This state breaks time-reversal and lattice symmetries, and reconstructs the B-site electronic band structure, producing a Weyl metallic phase with an intrinsic anomalous Hall effect and an undetectably small magnetization. We discuss implications of our results for Pr2Ir2O7.

Anomalous Hall effect from frustration-tuned scalar chirality distribution in Pr2Ir2O7

We study the anomalous Hall effect due to noncoplanar magnetism on a pyrochlore structure. We focus on the frustration-induced spatial inhomogeneity of different magnetic low-temperature regimes, between which one can efficiently tune using an external magnetic field. We incorporate nonmagnetic scattering on a phenomenological level so that we can distinguish between the effects of short-range correlations and short-range coherence. We obtain a Hall conductivity (σ(H)) as a function of field strength and direction which compares well to the experimental data of Pr(2)Ir(2)O(7). In particular, we show that the observed peak in σ(H) for H[parallel][111] signals the crossover from zero-field spin ice to kagome ice.

Elemental analysis and magnetism of hydronium jarosites--model kagome antiferromagnets and topological spin glasses

The jarosites are the most studied examples of kagome antiferromagnets. Research into them has inspired new directions in magnetism, such as the role of the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction in symmetry breaking, kagome spin ice, and whether spin glass-like phases can exist in the disorder-free limit. This last point is based around the observation of unconventional thermodynamic and kinetic responses in hydronium jarosite, H(3)OFe(3)(SO(4))(2)(OH)(6), that have led to its classification as a 'topological' spin glass, reflecting the defining role that the underlying geometry of the kagome lattice plays in the formation of the spin glass state. In this paper we explore one of the fundamental questions concerning the frustrated magnetism in hydronium jarosite: whether the spin glass phase is the result of chemical disorder and concomitant randomness in the exchange interactions. Confirming previous crystallographic studies, we use elemental analysis to show that the nature of the low temperature magnetic state is not a simple function of chemical disorder and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that anisotropies drive the spin glass transition.