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Nautiyal A, Mondal T, Goel A, Dey SK, Mitra D. Biological Effects Associated with Internal and External Contamination of Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Sources: An In vitro Study. Indian J Nucl Med 2021; 36:288-292. [PMID: 34658553 PMCID: PMC8481857 DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_17_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In a Nuclear Medicine department, the risk of external and internal contamination in radiation workers is much higher than in other medical radiation facilities. The risk associated with both types of contaminations should be quantified to estimate the radiation dose received by the personal. Here, we designed an in vitro model to see the impact of internal and external contamination of F-18 and Technetium-99 m (Tc-99 m) on DNA damages. Methodology: Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 was used for all of the experiments. Irradiation was performed internally and externally (scenarios activity is mixed with the cell line [Internal] and activity kept at 1 cm distance from cell line [external]) using two different diagnostic radioactive sources (Tc-99 m and F-18) of known quantity 37 MBq. Total cumulated activity (MBq-min) was calculated up to one half-life of sources for both internal and external setups. An alkaline single gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay) was used for DNA damage analysis. Olive tail moment (OTM) was used to characterize DNA damage. Results: We have not observed any significant difference (P > 0.05) in OTM between internal and external irradiation for cumulated activity presented before one half-life of both diagnostic isotopes. However, a significant difference in OTM was noted between internal and external irradiation for cumulated activity presented at one half-life of radioactive sources (P < 0.05). DNA damage with internal exposure was found to be 17.28% higher for F-18 and 23% higher for Tc-99 m than external exposure at one half-life of radioactive sources. Overall, we noted greater DNA damage in F-18 as compared to Tc-99 m. Conclusions: Our in vitro study practically demonstrated that internal contamination is more hazardous than external exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nautiyal
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, AMRI Hospitals, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Amity Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alpana Goel
- Amity Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepanjan Mitra
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, AMRI Hospitals, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Saliev T, Baiskhanova D, Beznosko D, Begimbetova D, Umbayev B, Nurgozhin T, Fakhradiyev I, Tanabayev B, Pavalkis D. A New Insight on the Radioprotective Potential of Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E663. [PMID: 33266046 PMCID: PMC7760922 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to scrutinize the ability of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent radiation-induced damage to human cells. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to ionizing radiation at three low doses (22.62 mGy, 45.27 mGy, and 67.88 mGy) in the presence of EACA at the concentration of 50 ng/mL. Results: EACA was able to prevent cell death induced by low-dose X-ray radiation and suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). EACA also demonstrated a capacity to protect DNA from radiation-induced damage. The data indicated that EACA is capable of suppression of radiation-induced apoptosis. Comparative tests of antioxidative activity of EACA and a range of free radical scavengers showed an ability of EACA to effectively inhibit the generation of ROS. Conclusions: This study showed that the pretreatment of PBMCs with EACA is able to protect the cells from radiation-elicited damage, including free radicals' formation, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Saliev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | - Dinara Baiskhanova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | | | - Dinara Begimbetova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | - Ildar Fakhradiyev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | | | - Dainius Pavalkis
- NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Nur-sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
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Mondal T, Nautiyal A, Agrawal M, Mitra D, Goel A, Kumar Dey S. 18F-FDG-induced DNA damage, chromosomal aberrations, and toxicity in V79 lung fibroblast cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 847:503105. [PMID: 31699341 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.503105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is used in the diagnosis of diseases, including cancers. The principal photons used for imaging are 511 ke V gamma photons resulting from positron annihilation. The absorbed dose varies among body organs, depending on administered radioactivity and biological clearance. We have attempted to evaluate DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and toxicity induced in V79 lung fibroblast cells in vitro by 18F-FDG, at doses which might result from PET procedures. Cells were irradiated by 18F-FDG at doses (14.51 and 26.86 mGy), comparable to absorbed doses received by critical organs during PET procedures. The biological endpoints measured were formation of γ-H2AX foci, mitochondrial stress, chromosomal aberrations, and cell cycle perturbation. Irradiation induced DSB (γH2AX assay), mitochondrial depolarization, and both chromosome and chromatid types of aberrations. At higher radiation doses, increased aneuploidy and reduced mitotic activity were also seen. Thus, significant biological effects were observed at the doses delivered by the 18F-FDG exposure and the effects increased with dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, BF-142, Sector-I, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 064, West Bengal, India
| | - Amit Nautiyal
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, Advance Medicare & Research Institute, P-4&5, Gariahat Road Block-A, Scheme-L11, Dhakuria, Kolkata, 700029, West Bengal, India
| | - Milee Agrawal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, BF-142, Sector-I, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 064, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepanjan Mitra
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, Advance Medicare & Research Institute, P-4&5, Gariahat Road Block-A, Scheme-L11, Dhakuria, Kolkata, 700029, West Bengal, India
| | - Alpana Goel
- Amity Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Amity University, Noida, Delhi, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, BF-142, Sector-I, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 064, West Bengal, India.
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