|
1
|
Kawakami D, Yoshida T, Kanemaru Y, Huarhua Zaquinaula MH, Mizukami T, Arimoto M, Shibata T, Goto A, Enami Y, Amano H, Teraoka T, Komatsu K, Arie T. Induction of resistance to diseases in plant by aerial ultrasound irradiation. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2019; 44:41-47. [PMID: 30820172 PMCID: PMC6389833 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d18-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound, which refers to frequencies above the audible limit of human hearing, is a candidate for inducing resistance to pathogens in plants. We revealed that aerial ultrasound of 40.5 kHz could induce disease resistance in tomatoes and rice when the plants were irradiated with ultrasound of ca. 100 dB for 2 weeks during nursery season and reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt and blast diseases, respectively, when plants were inoculated with pathogen 0 or 1 week after terminating irradiation. Disease control efficacy was also observed with ultrasound at frequencies of 19.8 and 28.9 kHz. However, cabbage yellows and powdery mildew on lettuce were not suppressed by ultrasound irradiation. No significant positive or negative effect on growth was observed in tomato and rice plants. RT-qPCR showed that the expression of PR1a involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway was upregulated in the ultrasound-irradiated tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Kawakami
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yoshida
- Institute of Agricultural Machinery NARO, Saitama 331–8537, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kanemaru
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
| | | | | | - Michiko Arimoto
- Shiga Prefecture Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Omihachiman 521–1301, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Shiga Prefecture Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Omihachiman 521–1301, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinari Enami
- Shiga Prefecture Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Omihachiman 521–1301, Japan
| | | | - Tohru Teraoka
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
| | - Ken Komatsu
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Institute of Global Innovation Research (GIR), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Arie
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Institute of Global Innovation Research (GIR), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Fuchu, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Rakel DP, Guerrera MP, Bayles BP, Desai GJ, Ferrara E. CAM education: promoting a salutogenic focus in health care. J Altern Complement Med 2008; 14:87-93. [PMID: 18199018 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) education has created a focus that not only brings awareness of various CAM therapies to conventional medical education but also highlights how these therapies can bring insight toward improved health care. METHODS A survey of CAM educational leaders at institutions awarded grants for incorporating CAM education into medical curricula was performed to address how CAM education can improve health care delivery in America. RESULTS Five (5) core themes were noted to be successful in achieving this goal. These included (1) education on the importance of relationship-centered care, (2) understanding holism, (3) the promotion of self-reflection and self-care, (4) collaboration with CAM providers to enhance communication, and (5) the need for faculty development in CAM. CONCLUSIONS In discussing these themes, this paper explores how a shift in medical education toward a focus of understanding what is needed for the creation of health (salutogenesis) can bring balance to a curriculum that is currently weighted in teaching about the creation of disease (pathogenesis). Potential benefits, including reduced health care costs and improved quality of life for learners, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Rakel
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|