1
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Peng L, Li P, Peng Z. miR-141-3p Enhanced Radiosensitivity of CRC Cells. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:118-126. [PMID: 37143278 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230504144758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as one of the frequently diagnosed malignancies, and numerous microRNAs (miRs) are identified to be active in CRC. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to clarify the effect of miR-141-3p on the radiosensitivity of CRC cells. METHODS Firstly, CRC cell lines were cultured and applied to construct radiation-resistant CRC cells via X-ray treatment. The expression levels of miR-141-3p and long non-coding RNA DLX6 antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA DLX6-AS1) in CRC cells were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. After transfection with miR-141-3p mimics and 24 h treatment with 6- MV X-ray (0, 2, 4, 6 Gy), the survival fraction (SF) and the colony formation ability of CRC cells were determined using the cell counting kit-8 and colony formation methods. The interactions between miR-141-3p and DLX6-AS1 were analyzed using the dual-luciferase assay. The impact of miR-141-3p on DLX6-AS1 stability was detected after adding actinomycin-D. The role of DLX6- AS1 in the radiosensitivity of CRC cells was explored by transfecting oe-DLX6-AS1 into radiation- resistant CRC cells overexpressing miR-141-3p. RESULTS The relative expression levels of miR-141-3p were downregulated in CRC cells and further declined in radiation-resistant cells. Upregulation of miR-141-3p relative expression reduced SF and the colony formation ability while amplifying the radiosensitivity of radiation-resistant CRC cells. miR-141-3p directly bound to DLX6-AS1 to reduce DLX6-AS1 stability, and therefore downregulated DLX6-AS1 expression. DLX6-AS1 overexpression counteracted the role of miR- 141-3p overexpression in amplifying the radiosensitivity of radiation-resistant CRC cells. CONCLUSION miR-141-3p binding to DLX6-AS1 significantly decreased DLX6-AS1 stability and expression, promoting the radiosensitivity of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong Peng
- Department of Surgery, Hubei Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
- The Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Surgery, Hubei Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
- The Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zexu Peng
- Department of Surgery, Hubei Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
- The Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
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2
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SMYD3 regulates gastric cancer progression and macrophage polarization through EZH2 methylation. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 30:575-581. [PMID: 36127410 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3), a known histone methyltransferase, was reported to regulate cancer pathogenesis. However, its role in gastric development and progression remains unclear. EZH2 methylation had been associated with cancer metastasis, but the EZH2 methylation status in gastric cancer (GC) is unknown. Here, we report that EZH2 K421 methylation was responsible for gastric cancer cell soft agar colony formation, in vivo metastasis, and macrophage polarization. Mechanically, we identified SMYD3 as the methyltransferase of EZH2 at K421 residue which accelerates EZH2 Ubiquitin proteasome degradation. Cell harboring non-methylated EZH2 mutants promotes gastric cancer cell metastasis. Taken together, our results showed that SMYD3-EZH2 axis restricts gastric cancer metastasis via integrating epigenetic signaling.
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3
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Zhao Y, Li P. Strategies of LncRNA DLX6-AS1 on Study and Therapeutics. Front Genet 2022; 13:871988. [PMID: 35719380 PMCID: PMC9198352 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.871988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed the vital regulatory roles of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in various tumors at pre-transcriptional, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels, which makes it a potential prognosis factor and therapeutic target. In addition, the presence of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in the exosomes of peripheral blood of patients with tumors may also contribute to it being a possible cancer-related biomarker. However, most literature studies are devoted to studying the effect of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 as a sponging molecule of miRNAs, the research of which is likely to get stuck into a dilemma. Literature studies published already have demonstrated an exciting cell malignant phenotype inhibition with the knockdown of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in various tumor cell lines. With the comprehensive development of delivery systems, high-throughput sequencing, and aptamers, the problems of finding novel research methods and exploring the therapeutic options which are based on lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in vivo could come into a period to deal with. This review aims to summarize the research statuses of lncRNA DLX6-AS1, discuss other study methodologies and therapeutic strategies on it, which might be of help to the deep learning of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 and its application from basic to clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Liu L, Zhou T, Li T, Liang Z, Luo X. LncRNA DLX6-AS1 promotes microglial inflammatory response in Parkinson's disease by regulating the miR-223-3p/NRP1 axis. Behav Brain Res 2022; 431:113923. [PMID: 35550840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevailing neurodegenerative disorder. This study discussed the mechanism of lncRNA distal-less homeobox 6 antisense 1 (DLX6-AS1) on inflammatory responses in PD. With healthy male C57BL/6 mice (8-10 weeks) and BV2 microglia as study subjects, we established PD models in vivo/in vitro by injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 4 weeks and treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24hours, respectively. DLX6-AS1 expression in PD mice and BV2 microglia was examined using reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and then down-regulated via stereotaxic catheter injection or cell transfection to evaluate its effect on neurological function. Meanwhile, the cell number of TH+/Caspase3+/IBA1+ in substantia nigra, cell viability, and apoptosis rate of BV2 microglia, inflammatory levels, and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were determined using immunohistochemistry, MTT assay, flow cytometry, ELISA assay, and Western blot. The binding relationship between miR-223-3p and DLX6-AS1/Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) was verified by dual-luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. After down-regulation of DLX6-AS1, we down-regulated/overexpressed miR-223-3p/NRP1 levels in BV2 microglia. DLX6-AS1 was overexpressed in PD mice. Silencing DLX6-AS1 improved neurological function and alleviated microglial inflammation in PD mice. Specifically, the latency of mice falling from the rotating rod was longer, and the latency of climbing rod test was shorter; TH+ cells increased, while Caspase3+/IBA1+ cells decreased; the levels of inflammatory were lowered. Silencing DLX6-AS1 inhibited LPS-induced inflammation of BV2 microglia. DLX6-AS1 acted as the ceRNA of miR-223-3p to promote NRP1. Down-regulation of miR-223-3p or overexpression of NRP1 partially annulled the effect of silencing DLX6-AS1 on BV2 microglial inflammation. Overall, DLX6-AS1 promotes the microglial inflammatory response in PD through the ceRNA mechanism of miR-223-3p/NRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Zhanhua Liang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518020, China
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5
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Su R, Wu X, Tao L, Wang C. The role of epigenetic modifications in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:521-539. [PMID: 35429301 PMCID: PMC9338907 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10163-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the major contributor to the high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). To overcome the poor prognosis caused by distant metastasis, the mechanisms of CRC metastasis should be further explored. Epigenetic events are the main mediators of gene regulation and further affect tumor progression. Recent studies have found that some epigenetic enzymes are often dysregulated or mutated in multiple tumor types, which prompted us to study the roles of these enzymes in CRC metastasis. In this review, we summarized the alteration of enzymes related to various modifications, including histone modification, nonhistone modification, DNA methylation, and RNA methylation, and their epigenetic mechanisms during the progression of CRC metastasis. Existing data suggest that targeting epigenetic enzymes is a promising strategy for the treatment of CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Su
- Department of pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Changshan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
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6
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Li C, Song J, Guo Z, Gong Y, Zhang T, Huang J, Cheng R, Yu X, Li Y, Chen L, Ma X, Sun Y, Wang Y, Xue L. EZH2 Inhibitors Suppress Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Macrophage Polarization in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857808. [PMID: 35432300 PMCID: PMC9010515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
EZH2 inhibitors (EZH2i), a class of small-molecule inhibitors that target EZH2 to exert anti-tumor functions, have just been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in treatment of adults and adolescents with locally advanced or metastatic epithelioid sarcoma. The application of EZH2i in several solid tumors is still in different stages of clinical trials and needs to be further validated. As a key epigenetic regulator, besides its role in controlling the proliferation of tumor cells, EZH2 has been implicated in the regulation of various immune cells including macrophages. But there are still controversial research results at present. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor that highly expresses EZH2, which has the third highest incidence and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Studies have shown that the numbers of M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly associated with the progression and metastasis of CRC. In the current study, we aim to investigate how EZH2 modulates the polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of CRC, and compare the role of two different EZH2 inhibitors, EPZ6438 and GSK126. We applied a 3D culture method to demonstrate that EZH2i did indeed suppress the proliferation of CRC cells in vitro. In vivo, we found that the percentage of CD206+ macrophages of the TME was decreased under the treatment of EPZ6438, but it increased upon GSK126 treatment. Besides, in the co-culture system of macrophages and CRC cells, EPZ6438 led to significant elevation of M1 markers and reduction of M2 markers. Furthermore, mechanistic studies validated by ChIP-qPCR demonstrated that EZH2i inhibit EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 levels on the promoters of STAT3, an essential transcription factor for M1 macrophage polarization. Therefore, our data suggested that EZH2i not only suppress CRC cell proliferation directly, but also regulate macrophage by skewing M2 into effector M1 macrophage to exert a tumor suppressive effect. Moreover, our study provided new insight for better understanding of the role of two kinds of EZH2i: EPZ6438 and GSK126, which may pave the way in treating CRC by targeting cancer cells and immune cells via this epigenetic approach in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyang Guo
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yueqing Gong
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tengrui Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ma
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lixiang Xue, ; Yan Wang,
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lixiang Xue, ; Yan Wang,
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7
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Najafi S, Hussen BM, Ganjo AR, Taheri M, Samadian M. DLX6-AS1: A Long Non-coding RNA With Oncogenic Features. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:746443. [PMID: 35281110 PMCID: PMC8916230 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.746443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of ncRNAs with characteristic size of more than 200 nucleotides. An increasing number of lncRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in many human diseases particularly cancer. However, their role in carcinogenesis is not precisely understood. DLX6-AS1 is an lncRNAs which has been unveiled to be up-regulated in various number of cancers. In different cell studies, DLX6-AS1 has shown oncogenic role via promoting oncogenic phenotype of cancer cell lines. Increase in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT while suppressing apoptosis in cancer cells are the effects of DLX6-AS1 in development and progression of cancer. In the majority of cell experiment, mediator miRNAs have been identified which are sponged and negatively regulated by DLX6-AS1, and they in turn regulate expression of a number of transcription factors, eventually affecting signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. These pathways form axes through which DLX6-AS1 promotes carcinogenicity of cancer cells. Xenograft animal studies, also have confirmed enhancing effect of DLX6-AS1 on tumor growth and metastasis. Clinical evaluations in cancerous patients have also shown increased expression of DLX6-AS1 in tumor tissues compared to healthy tissues. High DLX6-AS1 expression has shown positive association with advanced clinicopathological features in cancerous patients. Survival analyses have demonstrated correlation between high DLX6-AS1 expression and shorter survival. In cox regression analysis, DLX6-AS1 has been found as an independent prognostic factor for patients with various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Aryan R. Ganjo
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Mohammad Samadian,
| | - Mohammad Samadian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Mohammad Samadian,
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8
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in regulating the expression of genes and act as biomarkers in the initial development of different cancers. Increasing research studies have verified that dysregulation of lncRNAs occurs in various pathological processes including tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Among the different lncRNAs, DLX6-AS1 has been reported to act as an oncogene in the development and prognoses of different cancers, by affecting many different signalling pathways. This review summarises and analyses the recent research studies describing the biological functions of DLX6-AS1, its overall effect on signalling pathways and the molecular mechanisms underlying its action on the expression of genes in multiple human cancers. Our critical analysis suggests that different signalling pathways associated to this lncRNA may be used as a biomarker for diagnosis, or targets of treatment in cancers.
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9
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Feng L, Wang R, Wang Y, Shen X, Shi Q, Lian M, Ma H, Fang J. Silencing long non-coding RNA DLX6-AS1 or restoring microRNA-193b-3p enhances thyroid carcinoma cell autophagy and apoptosis via depressing HOXA1. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9319-9330. [PMID: 34514705 PMCID: PMC8500975 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding RNA DLX6 antisense RNA 1 (DLX6‐AS1) lists a critical position in thyroid carcinoma (TC) development. However, the overall comprehension about DLX6‐AS1, microRNA (miR)‐193b‐3p and homeobox A1 (HOXA1) in TC is not thoroughly enough. Concerning to this, this work is pivoted on DLX6‐AS1/miR‐193b‐3p/HOXA1 axis in TC cell growth and autophagy. TC tissues and adjacent normal thyroid tissues were collected, in which expression of DLX6‐AS1, miR‐193b‐3p and HOXA1 was tested, together with their interactions. TC cells were transfected with DLX6‐AS1/miR‐193b‐3p‐related oligonucleotides or plasmids to test cell growth and autophagy. Tumorigenesis in nude mice was observed. DLX6‐AS1 and HOXA1 were up‐regulated, and miR‐193b‐3p was down‐regulated in TC. Depleted DLX6‐AS1 or restored miR‐193b‐3p disturbed cell growth and promoted autophagy. DLX6‐AS1 targeted miR‐193b‐3p and positively regulated HOXA1. miR‐193b‐3p inhibition mitigated the impaired tumorigenesis induced by down‐regulated DLX6‐AS1. Tumorigenesis in nude mice was consistent with that in cells. It is clear that DLX6‐AS1 depletion hinders TC cell growth and promotes autophagy via up‐regulating miR‐193b‐3p and down‐regulating HOXA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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10
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Luo Y, Ge P, Wang M, Chen H, Liu J, Wei T, Jiang Y, Qu J, Chen H. Research progress of DLX6-AS1 in human cancers. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1642-1652. [PMID: 34508305 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of translational-repressor RNAs composed of more than 200 nucleotides and formerly considered as "transcriptional noise". Recently studies have shown that lncRNAs could bind to multiple biomolecules such as DNA, transcription factors, RNA, chromatin complexes and proteins, and regulate target gene expression at multi-levels, thus playing an essential role in human tumors. DLX6-AS1, a recently discovered oncogenic lncRNA, is highly expressed in various human tumors, including lung cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer. This paper mainly reviewed the regulatory mechanism of DLX6-AS1 as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in tumor cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, chemotherapy resistance and metabolic changes. Furthermore, the translational value of DLX6-AS1 in cancer was also elucidated, which suggested its potential as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in cancer. In summary, this present article not only makes an in-depth analysis of the expression changes and carcinogenic mechanism of DLX6-AS1 in various human cancers, but also provides a new breakthrough for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianfu Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuankuan Jiang
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Qu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China. .,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.
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11
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STAT3 Pathway in Gastric Cancer: Signaling, Therapeutic Targeting and Future Prospects. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9060126. [PMID: 32545648 PMCID: PMC7345582 DOI: 10.3390/biology9060126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways play a significant role in the regulation of biological mechanisms, and their abnormal expression can provide the conditions for cancer development. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key member of the STAT proteins and its oncogene role in cancer has been shown. STAT3 is able to promote the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells and induces chemoresistance. Different downstream targets of STAT3 have been identified in cancer and it has also been shown that microRNA (miR), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and other molecular pathways are able to function as upstream mediators of STAT3 in cancer. In the present review, we focus on the role and regulation of STAT3 in gastric cancer (GC). miRs and lncRNAs are considered as potential upstream mediators of STAT3 and they are able to affect STAT3 expression in exerting their oncogene or onco-suppressor role in GC cells. Anti-tumor compounds suppress the STAT3 signaling pathway to restrict the proliferation and malignant behavior of GC cells. Other molecular pathways, such as sirtuin, stathmin and so on, can act as upstream mediators of STAT3 in GC. Notably, the components of the tumor microenvironment that are capable of targeting STAT3 in GC, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, are discussed in this review. Finally, we demonstrate that STAT3 can target oncogene factors to enhance the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells.
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