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Zhang Y, Ding Y, Li W, Zhu W, Wang J, Wang X. Application of a Novel Lytic Podoviridae Phage Pu20 for Biological Control of Drug-Resistant Salmonella in Liquid Eggs. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10010034. [PMID: 33406779 PMCID: PMC7823707 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a globally distributed zoonotic pathogen. Among them, S. pullorum is a host-specific pathogen that seriously affects the development of the poultry breeding industry in China. It mainly infects chickens and can cause white scabs, and the mortality rate after infection is almost 100%. As antibiotics are widely used in animal feed and other production processes, Salmonella resistance has gradually increased. Therefore, there is an increasing need to develop new technologies to control multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens and confirm their actual effectiveness in the target food matrix. Bacteriophage can efficiently and specifically lyse bacteria, and will be a potential bactericide to replace antibiotics. In this study, 34 strains of Salmonella bacteriophages were isolated from environmental resources. Therein, phage Pu20 with the widest host spectrum had the strongest ability to lyse tested Salmonella strains. Further studies showed that Pu20 had high pH tolerance and heat resistance, short incubation period. Pu20 can effectively inhibit the growth of two strains of MDR Salmonella in liquid egg white and yolk at 4 °C and 25 °C, respectively. According to morphological and phylogenetic analysis, Pu20 belongs to the Podoviridae family. Genomic analysis of Pu20 indicates a linear 59435 bp dsDNA sequence with no homology to virulence or antibiotic resistance-related genes. Together, these results sheds light on the potential biocontrol application value of Pu20 in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wanning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Conditional deletion of Nedd4-2 in lung epithelial cells causes progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adult mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2012. [PMID: 32332792 PMCID: PMC7181726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by patchy scarring of the distal lung with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Here, we show that conditional deletion of the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 (Nedd4l) in lung epithelial cells in adult mice produces chronic lung disease sharing key features with IPF including progressive fibrosis and bronchiolization with increased expression of Muc5b in peripheral airways, honeycombing and characteristic alterations in the lung proteome. NEDD4-2 is implicated in the regulation of the epithelial Na+ channel critical for proper airway surface hydration and mucus clearance and the regulation of TGFβ signaling, which promotes fibrotic remodeling. Our data support a role of mucociliary dysfunction and aberrant epithelial pro-fibrotic response in the multifactorial disease pathogenesis. Further, treatment with the anti-fibrotic drug pirfenidone reduced pulmonary fibrosis in this model. This model may therefore aid studies of the pathogenesis and therapy of IPF. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease with poor prognosis. Here, the authors show that deficiency of the E3 ubiqutin-protein ligase Nedd4-2 in airway epithelial cells causes IPF-like disease in adult mice. This model may aid studies of the pathogenesis and therapy of IPF.
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Ucar O, Li K, Dvornikov D, Kreutz C, Timmer J, Matt S, Brenner L, Smedley C, Travis MA, Hofmann TG, Klingmüller U, Kyewski B. A Thymic Epithelial Stem Cell Pool Persists throughout Ontogeny and Is Modulated by TGF-β. Cell Rep 2017; 17:448-457. [PMID: 27705793 PMCID: PMC5067280 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult tissue-specific stem cells (SCs) mediate tissue homeostasis and regeneration and can give rise to all lineages in the corresponding tissue, similar to the early progenitors that generate organs in the first place. However, the developmental origins of adult SCs are largely unknown. We recently identified thymosphere-forming stem cells (TSFCs) in the adult mouse thymus, which display genuine stemness features and can generate the two major thymic epithelial cell lineages. Here, we show that embryonic TSFCs possess stemness features but differ from adult TSFCs in surface marker profile. Our findings support the model of a continuous thymic SC lineage that is maintained throughout ontogeny. TGF-β signaling differentially affects embryonic versus adult thymosphere formation, suggesting that thymic epithelial SC potency depends on both developmental stage and environmental signals. Collectively, our findings suggest that embryonic TSFCs contribute to an adult SC pool and that TSFC plasticity is controlled by TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ucar
- Division of Developmental Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Kaiyong Li
- Division of Developmental Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dmytro Dvornikov
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clemens Kreutz
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Timmer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Matt
- Division of Epigenetics, Cellular Senescence Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Brenner
- Division of Developmental Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catherine Smedley
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Manchester M13 9NT, UK; Manchester Immunology Group, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Mark A Travis
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Manchester M13 9NT, UK; Manchester Immunology Group, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Thomas G Hofmann
- Division of Epigenetics, Cellular Senescence Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC) Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Kyewski
- Division of Developmental Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kreutz C, MacNelly S, Follo M, Wäldin A, Binninger-Lacour P, Timmer J, Bartolomé-Rodríguez MM. Hepatocyte Ploidy Is a Diversity Factor for Liver Homeostasis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:862. [PMID: 29163206 PMCID: PMC5671579 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyploidy, the existence of cells containing more than one pair of chromosomes, is a well-known feature of mammalian hepatocytes. Polyploid hepatocytes are found either as cells with a single polyploid nucleus or as multinucleated cells with diploid or even polyploid nuclei. In this study, we evaluate the degree of polyploidy in the murine liver by accounting both DNA content and number of nuclei per cell. We demonstrate that mouse hepatocytes with diploid nuclei have distinct metabolic characteristics compared to cells with polyploid nuclei. In addition to strong differential gene expression, comprising metabolic as well as signaling compounds, we found a strongly decreased insulin binding of nuclear polyploid cells. Our observations were associated with nuclear ploidy but not with total ploidy within a cell. We therefore suggest ploidy of the nuclei as an new diversity factor of hepatocytes and hypothesize that hepatocytes with polyploid nuclei may have distinct biological functions than mono-nuclear ones. This diversity is independent from the well-known heterogeneity related to the cells' position along the porto-central liver-axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kreutz
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology (ZBSA), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine MacNelly
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I/Lighthouse Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Wäldin
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Petra Binninger-Lacour
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Timmer
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - María M. Bartolomé-Rodríguez
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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