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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize innovations in urologic surgical training in the past 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS Many assessment tools have been developed to objectively evaluate surgical skills and provide structured feedback to urologic trainees. A variety of simulation modalities (i.e., virtual/augmented reality, dry-lab, animal, and cadaver) have been utilized to facilitate the acquisition of surgical skills outside the high-stakes operating room environment. Three-dimensional printing has been used to create high-fidelity, immersive dry-lab models at a reasonable cost. Non-technical skills such as teamwork and decision-making have gained more attention. Structured surgical video review has been shown to improve surgical skills not only for trainees but also for qualified surgeons. Research and development in urologic surgical training has been active in the past 5 years. Despite these advances, there is still an unfulfilled need for a standardized surgical training program covering both technical and non-technical skills.
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Tatar İ, Huri E, Selçuk İ, Moon YL, Paoluzzi A, Skolarikos A. Review of the effect of 3D medical printing and virtual reality on urology training with ‘MedTRain3DModsim’ Erasmus + European Union Project. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:1257-1270. [PMID: 31648427 PMCID: PMC7018298 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1905-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim It is necessary to incorporate novel training modalities in medical education, especially in surgical fields, because of the limitations of cadaveric training. Traditional medical education has many drawbacks, such as residency working hour restrictions, patient safety conflicts with the learning needs, and the lack of hands-on workshops. The MedTRain3DModsim Project aimed to produce 3-dimensional (3D) medical printed models, simulations, and innovative applications for every level of medical training using novel worldwide technologies. It was aimed herein to improve the interdisciplinary and transnational approaches, and accumulate existing experience for medical education, postgraduate studies, and specialty training. Materials and methods This project focused on models of solid organs and the urinary system, including the kidney, prostate, ureter, and liver. With 3D medical printing, it is possible to produce a body part from inert materials in just a few hours with the standardization of medical 3D modeling. Results The target groups of this project included medical students and residents, graduate students from engineering departments who needed medical education and surgical training, and medical researchers interested in health technology or clinical and surgical an atomy. Conclusion It was also intended to develop a novel imaging platform for education and training by reevaluating the existing data using new software and 3D modalities. Therefore, it was believed that our methodology could be implemented in all related medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlkan Tatar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Huri
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlker Selçuk
- Department of Gynecologic-Oncology, Zekai Tahir Burak Research and Educational Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Young Lee Moon
- Department of Orthopedics, Chosun University, Chosun, South Korea
| | - Alberto Paoluzzi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Rome Tre University, Rome, Italy
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McInerney P, Green-Thompson LP. Theories of learning and teaching methods used in postgraduate education in the health sciences: a scoping review. JBI Evid Synth 2019; 18:1-29. [PMID: 31567525 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-d-18-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review was to determine the theories of learning and methods used in teaching in postgraduate education in the health sciences. The longer-term objective was to use the information gathered to design a workshop for teachers of postgraduate students. INTRODUCTION Whilst undergraduate teaching in the health sciences has received considerable attention in the literature in terms of methods used, innovative ideas and outcomes, the same cannot be said of postgraduate education. A considerable amount of postgraduate teaching takes place in the workplace and often in the form of informal teaching. The increasing complexity of health problems calls for innovative teaching. INCLUSION CRITERIA Papers included in this review were those that considered postgraduate education in the health science disciplines, including but not limited to medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, pharmacy and dentistry, and that described theories of learning and/or teaching methods used in teaching. METHODS Five databases were searched for the period 2001 through 2016. PubMed yielded the most records (3142). No relevant papers were identified through hand searching of the references of the included papers. A data extraction table was developed and used to extract relevant information from included papers. RESULTS Sixty-one papers were included in the review. Most of the included papers were from the USA, with 17 published in 2015. Descriptive study designs were the most frequently identified study design. Most of the papers were from the medical disciplines. Twenty-seven papers did not refer to a teaching and learning theory, a further group referred to a theory but often towards the end of the paper, and seven papers had as their focus the importance of theories in medical education. The theories named were of a wide variety. Likewise, a wide range of teaching methods were identified. CONCLUSIONS It is clear that a range of theories and teaching methods are used in postgraduate health science education, with educators feeling the need to explore more innovative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia McInerney
- The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-based Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lionel Patrick Green-Thompson
- The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-based Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Setia S, Feng C, Coogan C, Vourganti S, Abern M. Urology Residents' Experience With Simulation: Initial Evaluation of MRI/US Fusion Biopsy Workshop. Urology 2019; 134:51-55. [PMID: 31542464 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate our initial experience with a multi-institutional workshop model of MRI/US fusion biopsy simulation for resident education. METHODS Residents from 6 Chicago area urology programs participated in a MRI/US fusion biopsy workshop, which incorporated a 30 minute didactic session followed by hands-on simulation. The workshop was facilitated by fellowship-trained university faculty members and company representatives of MRI/US fusion technologies who provided teaching assistance and verbal feedback. Participants completed pre- and post-test nonvalidated 4-item questionnaires graded on a Likert scale. Information on resident prior experience with TRUS and MRI/US fusion biopsies was also collected. Pre-and postquestionnaires were compared with paired t tests for each survey domain (P <.05 were considered significant). RESULTS Thirty-three residents (PGY 1-6, median PGY 3) participated in the workshop. 13 (40.6%) residents reported performing between 51 and 100 TRUS biopsies previously. Twenty-one (65.6%) reported being familiar with PIRADS v2 interpretation of prostate MR imaging, however 17 (53.1%) had never previously performed a MRI/US fusion biopsy. Analysis of pre- and post-test questionnaires showed significant increases in all 4 survey domains (P <.05). Residents demonstrated increased familiarity with indications for fusion biopsy (mean difference = +0.59), preparation for fusion biopsy (mean difference = +1.16), methods of MRI to TRUS image registration (mean difference = +1.38), and the advantages/disadvantages of perineal vs TRUS fusion biopsy (mean difference = +1.25). CONCLUSION This workshop model which combines didactics followed by hands-on simulation training is an effective method for increasing the knowledge and familiarity with MRI/US fusion biopsy of trainees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaan Setia
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Carol Feng
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Michael Abern
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Tas T, Cakiroglu B. Do 'standard laparoscopic box trainers' represent real-life conditions during transperitoneal laparoscopical interventions of the upper tract? Urologia 2019; 86:202-206. [PMID: 31116682 DOI: 10.1177/0391560319850428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to investigate the representativeness of the conventional laparoscopic standard box trainers in terms of real-life circumstances in transperitoneal laparoscopical interventions of the upper tract, using questionnaire inquiries with experienced surgeons. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted with 44 laparoscopists, whose level of renal surgery experience was either high (primary surgeon in >100 cases), moderate (primary surgeon in >50 cases) or basic (primary surgeon in >20 cases). We used the box widely preferred in international training courses, which consists of a 10-mm 30° laparoscope, real endoscopic instruments, light source, monitor and chicken bone materials. Participants were asked whether they represent real-life situations while performing tasks by means of standard box trainers. RESULTS The medians of 'restrained body posture of the surgeon', 'position of monitor', 'trocars entry slots', 'tissue distance and region' and 'limited field of movement and restricted working space' were analysed on their difference from the ideal value. All the variables were shown to be significantly different from the ideal value of 5 (p < 0.001). These results suggest that experienced surgeons in our study did not find the box simulation conditions similar to real surgery conditions. CONCLUSION Conventional laparoscopic trainer box, which is currently being used, is far from representing for the real situation in transperitoneal laparoscopical interventions of the upper tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuncay Tas
- İstanbul Cerrahi Hospital, İstanbul Esenyurt University, İstanbul,Turkey
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Silvestre J, Hernandez JM, Lee DI. Disparities in Pediatric Operative Experience during Urology Residency Training. Urology 2019; 127:24-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Chen CY, Elarbi M, Ragle CA, Fransson BA. Development and evaluation of a high-fidelity canine laparoscopic ovariectomy model for surgical simulation training and testing. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2019; 254:113-123. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.254.1.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Flanders D, Pirpiris A, Corcoran N, Forsyth R, Grills R. Lessons Learned and New Challenges: Re-evaluation of End-User Assessment of a Skills-Based Training Program for Urology Trainees. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2019; 6:2382120519834552. [PMID: 30886895 PMCID: PMC6415477 DOI: 10.1177/2382120519834552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To re-assess the perceived benefit and relevance of simulation sessions to Victorian urology trainees and to identify areas for potential improvement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS All trainees attending skills training sessions between 2011 and 2016 were asked to complete a structured questionnaire at the completion of the session. The questionnaire included 11 topic areas ranging from the year of surgical training to degree of usefulness of the session, including several sections for free-text response to offer more detailed feedback. Sessions were examined both individually and collectively to assess end-user satisfaction with the structure and content of the program. RESULTS In total, 24 individual skills sessions were held over the 6-year period, with a total of 355 attendees. Of these, 331 attendees completed the majority of the questionnaire, a response rate of over 93%. Overall 88% of the surveyed attendees stated that they had both the support of their supervising consultant and the flexibility of workload to attend the session; 90% of trainees felt that there was adequate reading material provided prior to the skills session, an improvement from 76% in the previous study period; and 97% of those surveyed felt that the existing session structure was appropriate and the same proportion found the sessions both useful and interesting, compared with just 63% in the previous study period. Analysis of individual topics demonstrates some variability in outcome measures, but for nearly every assessed parameter, greater than 90% of participants agreed that the session fulfilled the expected criteria. New topics developed since the 2011 analysis, including renal transplant and vascular repair, also had high levels of satisfaction. The practical models used have been refined and achieved higher scores than those in the previous assessment period. CONCLUSION The urology skills-based training program has been well received by the surveyed trainees and is now embedded and accepted as part of the Victorian training program. The format of the sessions has matured and the overall rating, both individually and collectively, was high. There has been a clear increase in satisfaction across most areas assessed when compared with previous feedback. Despite this, there remain areas that can be improved, such as the amount and quality of available equipment and the inclusion of video demonstrations of operative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Flanders
- Department of Urological Surgery, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Athina Pirpiris
- Department of Urological Surgery, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall Corcoran
- Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre Epworth, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Urology Department, Frankston Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert Forsyth
- Urology Department, Ballarat Health Services, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
- St John of God Health Care, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
- Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Grills
- Department of Urological Surgery, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Parkhomenko E, Yoon R, Okhunov Z, Patel RM, Dolan B, Kaler K, Schwartz MJ, Shah PH, Bierwiler H, Gamboa AJ, Miano R, Germani S, Fabbro DD, Zordani A, Micali S, Kavoussi LR, Clayman RV, Landman J. Multi-institutional Evaluation of Producing and Testing a Novel 3D-Printed Laparoscopic Trainer. Urology 2018; 124:297-301. [PMID: 30419263 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create, distribute, and evaluate the efficacy of a portable, cost-effective 3D-printed laparoscopic trainer for surgical skills development. METHODS The UCI Trainer (UCiT) laparoscopic simulator was developed via computer-aided designs (CAD), which were used to 3D-print the UCiT. Once assembled, a tablet computer with a rear-facing camera was attached for video and optics. Four institutions were sent the UCiT CAD files with a 3D-printer and instructions for UCiT assembly. For a comparison of the UCiT to a standard trainer, peg transfer and intracorporeal knot tying skills were accessed. These tasks were scored, and participants were asked to rate their experience with the trainers. Lastly, a questionnaire was given to individuals who 3D-printed and assembled the UCiT. RESULTS We recruited 25 urologists; none had any 3D-printing experience. The cost of printing each trainer was $26.50 USD. Each institution used the Apple iPad for optics. Six of eight participants assembled the UCiT in < 45 minutes, and rated assembly as somewhat easy. On objective scoring, participants performed tasks equally well on the UCiT vs the conventional trainer. On subjective scoring, the conventional trainer provided a significantly better experience vs the UCiT; however, all reported that the UCiT was useful for surgical education. CONCLUSION The UCiT is a low cost, portable training tool that is easy to assemble and use. UCiT provided a platform whereby participants performed laparoscopic tasks equal to performing the same tasks on the more expensive, nonportable standard trainer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renai Yoon
- Department of Urology, University of California, Orange, CA
| | | | - Roshan M Patel
- Department of Urology, University of California, Orange, CA
| | - Benjamin Dolan
- Department of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Kamaljot Kaler
- Department of Urology, University of California, Orange, CA
| | - Michael J Schwartz
- Department of Urology, Smith Institute for Urology, North Shore LIJ, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Paras H Shah
- Department of Urology, Smith Institute for Urology, North Shore LIJ, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Hannah Bierwiler
- Department of Urology, Smith Institute for Urology, North Shore LIJ, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Aldrin Joseph Gamboa
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Roberto Miano
- Department of Urology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Germani
- Department of Urology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Del Fabbro
- Department of Urology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Zordani
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Micali
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Louis R Kavoussi
- Department of Urology, Smith Institute for Urology, North Shore LIJ, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Orange, CA.
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Shay SG, Chrin JD, Wang MB, Mendelsohn AH. Initial and Long-term Retention of Robotic Technical Skills in an Otolaryngology Residency Program. Laryngoscope 2018; 129:1380-1385. [PMID: 30098045 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To objectively assess the initial and long-term retention of robotic surgical skills of otolaryngology residents. STUDY DESIGN This study was performed in an academic otolaryngology residency training program. Between October 2015 and November 2016, residents were invited to complete a prospective, multiphase robotic surgical skills training course: 1) online da Vinci Surgical System Assessment and didactic, 2) faculty-supervised robotic simulator training, 3) robotic docking and draping training, 4) robotic dry-lab exercises. To optimize surgical skill retention, the training laboratory was repeated 2 weeks after the initial training session. METHODS Twenty otolaryngology residents were included. Primary outcome was measured as robotic skill assessment scores on three tasks: camera targeting, peg board, and needle targeting. Skill assessments were completed prior to training, between the two training sessions, and at 1 month and 6 months after training. Residents were also asked to complete a self-assessment questionnaire. RESULTS Camera targeting scores were improved at midtraining (P < .001) and 1-month posttraining (P = .010). Peg board scores were improved at 1 month training (P = .043). Needle targeting scores were improved at midtraining (P = .002), 1 month (P = .002), and 6 months posttraining (P < .001). Resident self-assessment scores demonstrating comfort with using the robotic console (P < .01) and docking/draping (P < .01) improved significantly following the training. CONCLUSIONS Following a multiphase robotic training program, otolaryngology residents demonstrated significant, objective skill acquisition and retention at 1 month and 6 months follow-up. Although the proposed training strategy may be considered an important step in otolaryngology residency training, additional innovations are being designed toward a formal robotic training curriculum. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 129:1380-1385, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie G Shay
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann and Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan D Chrin
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Ronald Reagan Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marilene B Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Abie H Mendelsohn
- Center for Advanced Surgical and Interventional Technology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Ronald Reagan Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Chow AK, Sherer BA, Yura E, Kielb S, Kocjancic E, Eggener S, Turk T, Park S, Psutka S, Abern M, Latchamsetty KC, Coogan CL. Urology Residents' Experience and Attitude Toward Surgical Simulation: Presenting our 4-Year Experience With a Multi-institutional, Multi-modality Simulation Model. Urology 2017; 109:32-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lavi A, Tzemah S, Hussein A, Bishara I, Shcherbakov N, Zelichenko G, Mashiah A, Gross M, Cohen M. The Urology Residency Program in Israel-Results of a Residents Survey and Insights for the Future. Rambam Maimonides Med J 2017; 8:RMMJ.10317. [PMID: 29059043 PMCID: PMC5652930 DOI: 10.5041/rmmj.10317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Urology practice has undergone several changes in recent years mainly related to novel technologies introduced. We aimed to get the residents' perspective on the current residency program in Israel and propose changes in it. METHODS A web-based survey was distributed among urology residents. RESULTS 61 residents completed the survey out of 95 to whom it was sent (64% compliance). A total of 30% replied that the 9 months of mandatory general surgery rotation contributed to their training, 48% replied it should be shortened/canceled, and 43% replied that the Step A exam (a mandatory written certifying exam) in general surgery was relevant to their training. A total of 37% thought that surgical exposure during the residency was adequate, and 28% considered their training "hands-on." Most non-junior residents (post-graduate year 3 and beyond) reported being able to perform simple procedures such as circumcision and transurethral resections but not complex procedures such as radical and laparoscopic procedures. A total of 41% of non-junior residents practice at a urology clinic. A total of 62% of residents from centers with no robotics replied its absence harmed their training, and 85% replied they would benefit from a robotics rotation. A total of 61% of residents from centers with robotics replied its presence harmed their training, and 72% replied they would benefit from an open surgery rotation. A total of 82% of the residents participated in post-graduate courses, and 81% replied they would engage in a clinical fellowship. CONCLUSION Given the survey results we propose some changes to be considered in the residency program. These include changes in the general surgery rotation and exam, better surgical training, possible exchange rotations to expose residents to robotic and open surgery (depending on the availability of robotics in their center), greater out-patient urology clinic exposure, and possible changes in the basic science period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Lavi
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Sharon Tzemah
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Anan Hussein
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Alon Mashiah
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Michael Gross
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Michael Cohen
- Department of Urology, Haamek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
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Schommer E, Patel VR, Mouraviev V, Thomas C, Thiel DD. Diffusion of Robotic Technology Into Urologic Practice has Led to Improved Resident Physician Robotic Skills. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2017; 74:55-60. [PMID: 27488814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether propagation of robotic technology into urologic practice and training programs has improved baseline urology resident trainee robotic skills. DESIGN Questionnaires were completed by each urology resident trainee participating in a training course and asked about access to robotic simulation, robot experience, and console time. Baseline resident trainee scores on the Mimic Robotic Simulator (Mimic Technologies, Inc., Seattle, WA) from 27 participants of 2012 course were compared with the 2015 scores of 34 trainees on 4 standard Mimic exercises using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. p = 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Totally, 34 resident trainees from 17 programs in the Southeast Section of the American Urological Association participated in an annual 2-day robotic training course. RESULTS Overall score, economy of motion score, and time to complete exercise were all significantly better in the 2015 trainee group compared with the 2012 trainee group (p < 0.001) for the Peg Board 1, Camera Targeting 2, and Energy Dissection exercises. Overall scores for needle targeting improved between 2012 and 2015 (p = 0.04). Trainee access to a simulator was not associated with overall score on any of the 4 exercises in the 2015 group. In the 2015 group, actual robotic console time was associated with better overall scores in Camera Targeting 2 (p = 0.02) and Peg Board 1 (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Baseline resident trainee performance on basic robotic simulator exercises has improved over the past 3 years irrespective of robotic simulator access or console time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schommer
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | | | - Colleen Thomas
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - David D Thiel
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
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