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Chen JQ, Wu XJ, Wu XX, Geng BD, Zhou D, Wen J, Chan SCL, Jin C, Xu JW, Lu JH, Ge G. Protective effect of aqueous extract of Reineckea carnea (Andrews) Kunth against cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice and its impact on gut microbiota. Fitoterapia 2025; 184:106600. [PMID: 40339613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025]
Abstract
Reineckea carnea (Andrews) Kunth (RCK) is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. But, its effects and underlying mechanisms on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of RCK on COPD and to elucidate the mechanisms by which it modulates gut microbiota. A COPD mouse model was established through exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). Mice were then treated with oral administration of RCK aqueous extract. The anti-inflammatory effects and efficacy of RCK aqueous extract on COPD, as well as changes in microbiota composition, were evaluated. RCK aqueous extract ameliorated gut dysbiosis in CS-induced COPD mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla and reducing the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Importantly, RCK treatment inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α at both mRNA levels and protein levels, attenuated oxidative stress in vivo in mice, and suppressed CS-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating lung inflammation and restoring lung tissue structure. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of RCK aqueous extract on CS-induced COPD may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as its ability to modulate gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Qiong Chen
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Xi-Jun Wu
- Jinyang Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University&The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, China
| | - Xu-Xian Wu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Bill D Geng
- School of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiamen Medical College, China
| | - Sze Chun Leo Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, The Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cen Jin
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, China.
| | - Jun-Hou Lu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research,Guizhou Medical University, China.
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Guizhou Medical University, China.
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Xu Y, Li J, Lin Z, Liang W, Qin L, Ding J, Chen S, Zhou L. Isorhamnetin Alleviates Airway Inflammation by Regulating the Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway in a Mouse Model of COPD. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860362. [PMID: 35401244 PMCID: PMC8988040 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a severely disabling chronic lung disease characterized by persistent airway inflammation, which leads to limited expiratory airflow that deteriorates over time. Isorhamnetin (Iso) is one of the most important active components in the fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and leaves of Ginkgo biloba L, which is widely used in many pulmonary disease studies because of its anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the pharmacological action of Iso in CS-induced airway inflammation and dissected the anti-inflammation mechanisms of Iso in COPD mice. A mouse model of COPD was established by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) and intratracheal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results illustrated that Iso treatment significantly reduced leukocyte recruitment and excessive secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in BALF of CS-induced COPD mice in a dose-dependent manner. This improved airway collagen deposition and emphysema, and further alleviated the decline in lung functions and systemic symptoms of hypoxia and weight loss. Additionally, Iso treatment obviously improves the T lymphocyte dysregualtion in peripheral blood of COPD mice. Mechanistically, Iso may degrade Keap1 through ubiquitination of p62, thereby activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway to increase the expression of protective factors, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1, and SOD2, in lungs of CS-exposed mice, which plays an anti-inflammatory role in COPD. In conclusion, our study indicates that Iso significantly alleviates the inflammatory response in CS-induced COPD mice mainly by affecting the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. More importantly, Iso exhibited anti-inflammatory effects comparable with Dex in COPD and we did not observe discernible side effects of Iso. The high safety profile of Iso may make it a potential drug candidate for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Combination Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Combination Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiquan Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Lijie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Institute of Combination Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Luqian Zhou,
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Talbot NP, Croft QP, Curtis MK, Turner BE, Dorrington KL, Robbins PA, Smith TG. Contrasting effects of ascorbate and iron on the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia in humans. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:e12220. [PMID: 25501423 PMCID: PMC4332205 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia causes an increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Gene expression controlled by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors plays an important role in the underlying pulmonary vascular responses. The hydroxylase enzymes that regulate HIF are highly sensitive to varying iron availability, and iron status modifies the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia, possibly through its effects on HIF. Ascorbate (vitamin C) affects HIF hydroxylation in a similar manner to iron and may therefore have similar pulmonary effects. This study investigated the possible contribution of ascorbate availability to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in humans. Seven healthy volunteers undertook a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover protocol which studied the effects of high-dose intravenous ascorbic acid (total 6 g) on the pulmonary vascular response to 5 h of sustained hypoxia. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) was assessed during hypoxia by Doppler echocardiography. Results were compared with corresponding data from a similar study investigating the effect of intravenous iron, in which SPAP was measured in seven healthy volunteers during 8 h of sustained hypoxia. Consistent with other studies, iron supplementation profoundly inhibited hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (P < 0.001). In contrast, supraphysiological supplementation of ascorbate did not affect the increase in pulmonary artery pressure induced by several hours of hypoxia (P = 0.61). We conclude that ascorbate does not interact with hypoxia and the pulmonary circulation in the same manner as iron. Whether the effects of iron are HIF-mediated remains unknown, and the extent to which ascorbate contributes to HIF hydroxylation in vivo is also unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick P. Talbot
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Quentin P. Croft
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - M. Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Brandon E. Turner
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Keith L. Dorrington
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Peter A. Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Thomas G. Smith
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
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