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Murakami M, Nishida N, Nagano A, Sugita K, Yano K, Harumatsu T, Onishi S, Yamada K, Yamada W, Kawano T, Muto M, Ieiri S. Evaluation of skill acquisition characteristics depending on the size of a dry box. MINIM INVASIV THER 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38400835 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2024.2321950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have analyzed the effect of the size of the working space in training on the acquisition of endoscopic skills. In this study, adult- and infant-sized dry boxes (DBs) were used to verify how the size of the working space in training affects forceps manipulation and learning curve. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-two medical students were enrolled. The task was peg transfer. The training environment was divided into adult- and infant-sized DBs. Skill evaluations were also divided into adult- and infant-sized DBs (four groups in total). The forceps manipulation characteristics and task completion time were compared before and after training. RESULTS Regarding skill evaluations using adult-sized DBs, there were no significant differences between the infant- and adult-sized DB-trained groups. Regarding skill evaluations using infant-sized DBs, there were no significant differences between the groups before training. After training, there was no significant difference in the total path length or average acceleration of the forceps between the groups. However, the infant-sized DB-trained group had a significantly faster average forceps velocity and faster task completion time than the adult-sized DB-trained group. CONCLUSION Training with a small DB is more efficient in acquiring smoother and faster forceps manipulation in a small working space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Nanako Nishida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nagano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koshiro Sugita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshio Harumatsu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shun Onishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Waka Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Muto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ieiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Murakami M, Yamada K, Onishi S, Harumatsu T, Baba T, Kuda M, Miyoshi K, Koga Y, Masuya R, Kawano T, Muto M, Hayashida M, Nakame K, Shinyama S, Kuwabara J, Tatsuta K, Yanagi Y, Hirose R, Shono T, Migita M, Kaji T, Takatsuki M, Nanashima A, Matsufuji H, Ieiri S. Proctoring System of Pediatric Laparoscopic Surgery for Choledochal Cyst. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2023; 33:1109-1113. [PMID: 37540087 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2023.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic surgery also has been becoming widespread in the field of pediatric surgery. However, most disease treated by pediatric surgery in a single institution are small number of cases. Besides, the variety of operative procedures that need to be performed in this field is quite wide. For these reasons, pediatric surgeons have limited opportunities to perform endoscopic surgery. Therefore, it is difficult to introduce advanced endoscopic surgery at a single local hospital. To educate pediatric surgeons in local hospitals, for widespread advanced pediatric endoscopic surgery safely, and to eliminate the need for patient centralization, we have introduced a proctoring system. We compared the surgical results of our institution, a center hospital, with other local institutions, to investigate the feasibility of our proctoring system. Methods: The experienced pediatric surgeon of our institution visits local hospitals to provide onsite coaching and supervises pediatric surgeons on the learning curve. All patients who underwent laparoscopic cyst excision and hepaticojejunostomy for choledochal cysts, one of the advanced pediatric endoscopic surgeries was retrospectively reviewed. Results: Thirty-four cases were evaluated (14 cases in our institution, 20 cases in 9 other institutions). The procedures of all 34 cases were performed by surgeons with 0-2 cases of experience in the procedure. There were no open conversion cases. There was no significant difference in the operative date. There was 1 case (6.7%) of postoperative complications during hospitalization at our institution and 3 cases (14.3%) at other institutions (P = .47). Two cases of late complications (13.3%) occurred at our institution, whereas 6 cases (28.6%) occurred at other institutions (P = .28). Conclusion: With the proctoring system, the performance and completion of advanced pediatric endoscopic surgery at local institutions was feasible. This has important implications given the ever-growing demand for pediatric endoscopic surgery and the increasing need for competent pediatric endoscopic surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Shun Onishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Toshio Harumatsu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Tokuro Baba
- Department of Surgery I, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kuda
- Department of Surgery I, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Japan
| | - Kina Miyoshi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Koga
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuta Masuya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki-gun, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Muto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakame
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki-gun, Japan
| | - Shin Shinyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kitakyushu City Yahata Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Jun Kuwabara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Tatsuta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yanagi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Hirose
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shono
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Misato Migita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Kaji
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Nanashima
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki-gun, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsufuji
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ieiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
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Yamada K, Nakazono R, Murakami M, Sugita K, Yano K, Onishi S, Harumatsu T, Yamada W, Matsukubo M, Kawano T, Muto M, Ieiri S. The experimental evaluation of the effects of display size on forceps manipulation and eye and head movement of endoscopic surgery using a pediatric laparoscopic fundoplication simulator. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:664-668. [PMID: 36670002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The size of the display used for endoscopic surgery has been increasing recently, but the effect of the display size on procedure outcomes is unclear. The present study clarified the effect of display size on the outcomes of endoscopic surgical procedures. METHODS Eight pediatric surgeons performed the laparoscopic fundoplication task using a disease-specific laparoscopic simulator with 3 different display sizes (43, 32, and 24 inches). The movement of the forceps during the task was measured using an electromagnetic spatial three-dimensional position-measuring instrument. The movements of the eyes and head during the task were also measured using glasses-style smart eyewear. We assessed the time required to complete the task, total path length of forceps, average velocity of forceps, number of blinks, number and strength of eye movements, and head tilt of participants during the task. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the required time, total path length, average velocity, number of blinks, number and strength of eye movements, or head tilt among the three display sizes. After the task, participants were asked which display felt the easiest to use. Four participants (50%) answered that the 32-inch display was easiest to use. CONCLUSION This study showed that display size differences did not influence endoscopic surgical procedures. However, 50% of participants felt that the task was easiest using the middle display size. There may be an optimal monitor size for a given procedure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoga Nakazono
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masakazu Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koshiro Sugita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shun Onishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshio Harumatsu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Waka Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsukubo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Muto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ieiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
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Shonaka T, Tani C, Takeda T, Otani M, Ohara M, Kita K, Hasegawa K, Yokoo H, Matsuno N, Sumi Y. The experience of 100 cases of 8K/two-dimensional laparoscopic colorectal surgery - The evaluation of 8K/two-dimensional laparoscopy and how to use it. J Minim Access Surg 2023; 19:74-79. [PMID: 36722532 PMCID: PMC10034798 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_281_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The resolution of 8K ultra-high-definition imaging technology (7680 × 4320 pixels) is 16-fold higher than the current high-definition technology (1920 × 1080 pixels). 8K/two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopy was clinically available in 2014, but few reports concerning its application have been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate methods of usage and problems learned from clinical use of 8K/2D laparoscopy. Subjects and Methods The patients were 100 colorectal surgery patients who underwent 8K/2D laparoscopy at Asahikawa Medical University Hospital between November 2018 and March 2021. We evaluated the effectiveness, operating conditions, methods and issues of 8K/2D laparoscopy. Results The median age was 68.5 years. The primary disease was malignancy of the left side of the colon and rectum in 92 patients. The right-sided colectomy was performed in five cases, total proctocolectomy of ulcerative colitis was performed in 3 cases. The proper application of 8K/2D laparoscopy can be achieved by adhering to certain tips, such as darkening the operation room and keeping an appropriate distance from the monitor. Regarding intraoperative complications caused by the 8K/2D laparoscope, skin burns due to heat from the tip of the laparoscope were observed in one patient. There were no cases of complications due to the 8K/2D laparoscopy. Conclusion 8K/2D laparoscopy can be used safely in colorectal surgery. There are still some tips for proper use, such as keeping an appropriate distance to the monitor and darkening the room. However, 8K/2D laparoscopy can provide delicate images and can be used without any operational problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shonaka
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Chikayoshi Tani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Masahide Otani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ohara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kengo Kita
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas Transplantation Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naoto Matsuno
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas Transplantation Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sumi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Murakami M, Yamada K, Onishi S, Sugita K, Yano K, Harumatsu T, Yamada W, Matsukubo M, Muto M, Kaji T, Ieiri S. How we acquire suturing skills for laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy. Asian J Endosc Surg 2022; 15:882-884. [PMID: 35609886 DOI: 10.1111/ases.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and hepaticojejunostomy is a representative surgical procedure requiring laparoscopic suturing including needle driving and knot tying. Laparoscopic needle driving and knot tying is a highly technically demanding skill, especially in small infants and children. We developed a laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy simulator for training. This simulator was developed for a 1-year-old infant body size based on computed tomography data and reproduced a pneumoperitoneum condition based on 3D scanner data of the clinical situation. Surgeon in training (SITs) of our institution have to acquire practice of laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy using a simulator before performing clinical cases. Thirteen cases of choledochal cyst have been managed at our institution since the introduction of practice using this simulator in 2016. Six SITs performed 13 cases of laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and hepaticojejunostomy. There were no cases of anastomotic bile leakage. Laparoscopic disease-specific simulator practice is effective for the acquisition of secure hepaticojejunostomy skills for the treatment of choledochal cysts in children as off-the-job training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shun Onishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koshiro Sugita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshio Harumatsu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Waka Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Clinical Training Center, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsukubo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Muto
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Kaji
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ieiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Murakami M, Poudel S, Bajracharya J, Fukuhara M, Kiriyama K, Shrestha MR, Chaudhary RP, Pokharel RP, Kurashima Y, Ieiri S. Support for Introduction of Pediatric Endosurgery in Nepal as Global Pediatric Surgery: Preliminary Needs Assessment Survey. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021; 31:1357-1362. [PMID: 34612720 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endosurgery provides several advantages over open surgery in the context of global surgery; however, there are several barriers to its introduction. The preliminary assessment of needs and barriers is essential for carrying out effective support as Global Surgery. However, no report has described the initiation of support for endosurgery based on a preliminary survey of the needs and barriers. The present survey study aimed at determining the needs and barriers of pediatric endosurgery in Nepal. Materials and Methods: A needs assessment survey was conducted among all pediatric surgeons in Nepal via an online platform. This was followed by workshop on pediatric endosurgical skills in Nepal. To assess the skills of participants and effectiveness of the workshop, the skill evaluation tests and the questionnaire survey were conducted. Results: Fourteen pediatric surgeons (response rate: 60.9%) responded to the needs assessment survey. More than 70% of the participants did not have any experience with advanced endosurgical procedures. However, advanced endosurgical procedures were strongly needed. A lack of training was indicated as a major barrier for the introduction of pediatric endosurgery. Fifteen participants completed the workshop. Participants' confidence in their endosurgical skills improved significantly after the workshop. The skill evaluation tests revealed that participants' endosurgical skills also improved significantly after the workshop, although even after the workshop, participants still took an average of 415.6 seconds to place and knot one suture. Conclusions: The needs assessment survey and workshop for Nepalese pediatric surgeons helped clarify their needs for endosurgery and the barriers to its introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Saseem Poudel
- Department of Surgery, Steel Memorial Muroran Hospital, Muroran-shi, Japan
| | - Jasmine Bajracharya
- Department of Surgery, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Gokarneshwor, Nepal
| | - Masahiro Fukuhara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Oita Prefectural Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Kotoe Kiriyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Ramnandan P Chaudhary
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ishan Children & Women's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Yo Kurashima
- Clinical Simulation Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ieiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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A comparison of laparoscopic procedures performed by novice medical students using 8K ultra-high-definition/two-dimensional and 2K high-definition/three-dimensional monitors. Surg Today 2021; 51:1397-1403. [PMID: 33420823 PMCID: PMC8286219 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-02215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 8K Ultra-high-definition (UHD) imaging has been developed in accordance with the progression of imaging technologies. We evaluated laparoscopic procedures performed by novice medical students using 2K/two-dimensional (2D), 2K/three-dimensional (3D) and 8K/2D monitors, with a particular focus on depth perception. METHODS Nine medical students were enrolled. They performed two tasks using 2K/2D, 2K/3D and 8K/2D monitors. In Task 1, they were asked to grasp three metal rods with forceps using each hand. In Task 2, they were asked to grasp a metal rod with forceps held in the right hand, pass the metal rod through a metal ring and transfer it to their left hand. RESULTS In Task 1, when performed with the dominant hand, the procedures performed using 2K/3D took a significantly shorter time than those performed using 8K/2D (P = 0.04). However, there was no significant difference among the three groups in the time required for procedures performed by the non-dominant hand. In Task 2, the procedure time with 2K/2D was significantly longer than that with 2K/3D or 8K/2D (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION 2K/3D showed superior utility to 8K/2D for performing forceps procedures using the dominant hand. However, when the movement of both hands was coordinated ("bi-hand coordination"), the laparoscopic procedures were performed almost as deftly with 8K/2D and 2K/3D.
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