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Sanpinit S, Chokpaisarn J, Na-Phatthalung P, Sotthibandhu DS, Yincharoen K, Wetchakul P, Limsuwan S, Chusri S. Effectiveness of Ya-Samarn-Phlae in diabetic wound healing: Evidence from in vitro studies and a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117929. [PMID: 38373661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ya-Samarn-Phlae (YaSP) has traditionally been widely used in southern Thailand for treating chronic and infected wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers. However, there are only a limited number of clinical studies supporting the use of this polyherbal formulation. Therefore, the present work aims to provide clinical evidence to support the application of YaSP, prepared according to a standardized traditional procedure (T-YaSP). Additionally, its potential chemical markers and wound healing-related biological activities were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro wound healing-related biological activities of YaSP ethanol extract and T-YaSP, including antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, inhibition and eradication of staphylococcal biofilm, anti-inflammatory effects, and enhancement of human dermal fibroblast migration in scratch wounds, were examined using well-established protocols. The chemical profiles of the ethanol extract of YaSP and T-YaSP were compared, and with promising chemical markers, arecoline, alpha-mangostin, and curcumin were selected and quantified using the HPLC method. A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel-group study was conducted over 12 weeks to evaluate the efficacy of the YaSP solution as an adjunct therapy, combined with standard wound care, for diabetic ulcers compared to standard treatment. RESULTS The YaSP extract reduces NO production and can scavenge NO radicals in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Additionally, in a scratch assay, this extract and one of its herbal components, Curcuma longa, enhance the migration of human dermal fibroblasts. T-YaSP, containing 2.412 ± 0.002 mg/g of arecoline, 2.399 ± 0.005 mg/g of curcumin, and 0.017 ± 0.000 mg/g of α-mangostin, has shown the ability to inhibit the development and eradicate the mature biofilm of S. epidermidis. The use of T-YaSP as an adjunct therapy led to a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving healing within six weeks compared to the standard treatment group (36%/9 patients vs. 4%/1 patient; p = 0.013). After 12 weeks, 19 out of 25 patients in the T-YaSP group experienced complete healing, whereas only four patients in the standard treatment group achieved complete wound healing (76% in the T-YaSP group vs. 16% in the control group; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results presented here represent the first randomized controlled trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of the traditional polyherbal solution, T-YaSP, which exhibits a wide range of wound healing-related activities. Utilizing T-YaSP as an adjunctive treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the number of type 2 diabetic patients achieving complete healing. However, to explore and utilize YaSP further, conducting a double-blind, randomized controlled trial with a larger population is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sineenart Sanpinit
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Julalak Chokpaisarn
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Pinanong Na-Phatthalung
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Kanyatorn Yincharoen
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya (RMUTSV), Thung Song, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80110, Thailand
| | - Palika Wetchakul
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Surasak Limsuwan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Chusri
- School of Health Science and Biomedical Technology Research Group for Vulnerable Populations, MaeFah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
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Antibacterial properties of Ya-Samarn-Phlae (YaSP): A pilot study on diabetic patients with chronic ulcers. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Limsuwan S, Jarukitsakul S, Issuriya A, Chusri S, Joycharat N, Jaisamut P, Saising J, Jetwanna KWN, Voravuthikunchai SP. Thai herbal formulation 'Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi': Its antibacterial activities, effects on bacterial virulence factors and in vivo acute toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112975. [PMID: 32417424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A Thai herbal formulation 'Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi' containing Nigella sativa (seed), Piper retrofractum (fruit), Punica granatum (pericarp), and Quercus infectoria (nutgall) has long been traditionally used to treat diarrhea or bloody mucous diarrhea. Scientific information is very important to support its therapeutic effects and traditional drug development. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi against diarrhea-causing bacteria and determine its effects on bacterial virulence factors and in vivo acute toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanol and water extracts of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi and its plant components were prepared. The agar diffusion method was used for preliminary screening of antibacterial activity of the extracts against diarrhea-causing bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were assessed using broth microdilution method. The effects on bactericidal activity, bacterial cell wall, and cell membrane were examined by time-kill, lysis, and leakage assays, respectively. The effects on bacterial virulence factors including quorum-sensing system, biofilm production, and swarming motility were determined. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify the group of chemical compounds present in the formulation extracts. Acute toxicity study was conducted by a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight in Wistar albino rats. RESULTS Ethanol and water extracts of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi and Quercus infectoria demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against all bacterial strains as revealed by zones of inhibition ranging from 7.0 to 24.5 mm. The ethanol and water extracts of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi and Quercus infectoria produced strong bacteriostatic activity against V. parahaemolyticus (n = 11) with an MIC range of 7.81-250 μg/ml. Only the ethanol extract of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi produced MBC values less than or equal to 1000 μg/ml against all V. parahaemolyticus. Based on time-kill study, no surviving V. parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802 and 5268) cells were detected within 6-12 h after treatment with the ethanol extract of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi at MBC-4MBC concentrations. Vibrioparahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 cells treated with the ethanol extract of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi demonstrated no lysis or leakage through the bacterial membrane was not observed. At low concentrations (0.125-0.25 μg/ml) the ethanol extract of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi inhibited violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum DMST 21761 without affecting the bacterial growth. The ethanol (31.25-62.5 μg/ml) and water (31.25-250 μg/ml) extracts of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi inhibited biofilm production by S. aureus. The ethanol and water extracts of Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi at 1000 μg/ml reduced the swarming motility of Escherichia coli O157: H7 by 74.98% and 52.65%, respectively. Tannins and terpenoids were detected in both the ethanol and water extracts. Flavonoids were present only in the ethanol extract. Alkaloids and antraquinones were not noticed in either extract. In the acute toxicity study, there were no significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters nor were adverse effects on mortality, general behaviors, body weight, or organ weights detected. CONCLUSIONS The scientific evidence from this study supported the therapeutic effects and safety of the traditional Thai herbal formulation 'Ya-Pit-Samut-Noi' which has been used as an alternative treatment for gastrointestinal infections in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Limsuwan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Excellence Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Siriporn Jarukitsakul
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Acharaporn Issuriya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Chusri
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Excellence Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Nantiya Joycharat
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Excellence Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Patcharawalai Jaisamut
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Jongkon Saising
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Korakot Wichitsa-Nguan Jetwanna
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Excellence Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
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Letha N, Joseph J, Sundar G, Pillai AU, John A, Abraham A. Incorporation of phytochemicals into electrospun scaffolds for wound-healing applications in vitro and in vivo. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520939989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in wound treatment, wound-associated infections and delayed healing still remains an ‘unmet clinical need’. The present treatment modalities include topical application of ointments and perhaps it may better be substituted by phytochemical incorporated nanofibers which increases wound-healing efficiency and reduce risk of infections. Hence, the aim of this study was to synthesise Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds for wound-healing applications. In this study, the tender nut of Areca catechu plant was collected and extracted with ethanol using the maceration technique. The presence of various active phytochemical constituents of ethanolic fraction of Areca catechu like phenol, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid were identified qualitatively and estimated quantitatively. Areca catechu incorporated 10%w/w polycaprolactone scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning technique and characterised physico-chemically by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis was evaluated with L929 fibroblasts and in vivo wound-healing studies using rat models for both polycaprolactone and Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds. Extract of Areca catechu exhibited antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Psuedomonus aeru ginosa. Scanning electron microscope image revealed the nanofibrous structural morphology of Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone with average diameter of 350 and 399 nm, respectively. The characteristic peak of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy depicted the presence of biomolecules and detection of functional groups confirming the incorporation of Areca catechu into the polycaprolactone scaffold. Furthermore, cells were cytocompatible with 85% viability over Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds, and wounds treated with Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone healed faster with a significant difference in the wound area than polycaprolactone controls. The phytochemical-incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, biocompatible and wound-healing properties is proposed to be an indigenous approach towards wound care management globally and seems to be better and cost-effective wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Letha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Josna Joseph
- Advanced Centre for Tissue Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Gayathri Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, CEPCI Laboratory & Research Institute, Kollam, India
| | | | - Annie John
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Annie Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Effects of a traditional Thai polyherbal medicine ‘Ya-Samarn-Phlae’ as a natural anti-biofilm agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microb Pathog 2019; 128:354-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chusri S, Tongrod S, Saising J, Mordmuang A, Limsuwan S, Sanpinit S, Voravuthikunchai SP. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of a polyherbal formula and its constituents against coagulase-negative and -positive staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sasitorn Chusri
- Faculty of Traditional Thai medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Tongrod
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya (RMUTSV), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Jongkon Saising
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Auemphon Mordmuang
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Surasak Limsuwan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sineenart Sanpinit
- Faculty of Traditional Thai medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Excellent Research Laboratory on Natural Products and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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Masák J, Čejková A, Schreiberová O, Rezanka T. Pseudomonas biofilms: possibilities of their control. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 89:1-14. [PMID: 24754832 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genus Pseudomonas includes a large number of species that can be encountered in biotechnological processes as well as in the role of serious human or plant pathogens. Pseudomonads easily form biofilms on various types of surfaces. The biofilm phenotype is characterized by an increased resistance to environmental influences including resistance to antibiotics and other disinfectants, causing a number of problems in health care, food industry, and other areas. Considerable attention is therefore paid to the possibilities of eradication/destruction of pseudomonads biofilms both in terms of understanding the mechanisms of biofilm formation and at the level of finding suitable antibiofilm tools applicable in practice. The first part of this review is devoted to an overview of the regulatory mechanisms that are directly or indirectly involved in the formation of biofilm. The most effective approaches to suppressing the formation of biofilm that do not cause the development of resistance are based on the application of substances that interfere with the regulatory molecules or block the appropriate regulatory mechanisms involved in biofilm development by the cells. Pseudomonads biofilm formation is, similar to other microorganisms, a sophisticated process with many regulatory elements. The suppression of this process therefore also requires multiple antibiofilm tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Masák
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Antagonistic interactions of "Ya-Sa-Marn-Phlae" ethanol extract in combination with topical antiseptics against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:867603. [PMID: 24895620 PMCID: PMC4026864 DOI: 10.1155/2014/867603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This investigation was aimed at assessing a possible interaction of a traditional Thai herbal recipe, "Ya-Sa-Marn-Phlae (YSMP)," used for wound treatments with topical antiseptics, povidone-iodine (PI) solution and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and effects of THR-SK010 alone and the combinations on Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts from the herbal recipe were determined against both methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). YSMP exhibited remarkable antistaphylococcal activity with MIC values of 3.9-7.8 μg/mL. This recipe possessed bacteriostatic activity and did not reduce the tolerance of both MRSA and MSSA isolates to the high ionic strength. Interaction between THR-SK010 and the antiseptics was carried out by checkerboard testing and time-kill assay. Both indifferent and slightly antagonistic effects were observed with THR-SK010/PI and THR-SK010/H2O2 combinations against the tested isolates. In addition to commercially available antiseptics, THR-SK010 offered additional therapeutic options for the decolonization of MRSA and MSSA. Topical application of plant extracts with antioxidant activity, such as THR-SK010, should not be used immediately with PI or H2O2 and further investigation on this interaction is needed.
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