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Ghareeb D, Abdelazem AS, Hussein EM, Al-Karamany AS. Association of TNF-α-308 G>A (rs1800629) polymorphism with susceptibility of metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:209-215. [PMID: 34178832 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) mainly comprises hyperglycemia, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and has been proven to increase the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Studies have suggested that many factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of MetS, but tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α) may play a strong role as its gene polymorphism was associated with insulin resistance and obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association of TNF-α-308 G > A (rs1800629) polymorphism with susceptibility of metabolic syndrome. Methods a case-control study was conducted upon 128 participants recruited from Suez Canal University Hospital (Ismailia, Egypt), divided into the MetS group (n = 64) and the control group (n = 64). Genotyping of the TNF-α-308 G > A (rs1800629) polymorphism was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The A allele was significantly higher among MetS patients (40%) than controls (11%) (p < 0.0001). A significant association was observed between the healthy and MetS groups under the influence of co-dominant, dominant and over-dominant genetic models (p < 0.05). Also, there were positive correlations between TNF-α-308 (G/A) polymorphism and risk factors of metabolic syndrome like body mass index (BMI); fasting blood sugar; cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (p < 0.05). Regression analysis was done for predictors of MetS and the A allele was found to be a strong predictor (OR 2.752; 95% CI = 1.106 to 6.847; p = 0.03), as well as, BMI; triglyceride (TG); high density lipoprotein (HDL); LDL and cholesterol (p < 0.05). Conclusions TNF-α-308 G > A (rs1800629) polymorphism may be play an important role in the development of metabolic syndrome and A allele is a strong predictor in Egyptians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ghareeb
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Abdallah S Abdelazem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Ekhlas M Hussein
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira S Al-Karamany
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Maistry T, Gordon M, Sartorius B, Naidoo DP. Candidate gene polymorphisms related to lipid metabolism in Asian Indians living in Durban, South Africa. Indian J Med Res 2018; 148:169-179. [PMID: 30381540 PMCID: PMC6206769 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1150_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Asian Indians have been shown to have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), related to insulin resistance and possibly genetic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic patterns associated with MetS in Asian Indians living in Durban, South Africa. METHODS Nine hundred and ninety nine participants from the Phoenix Lifestyle Project underwent clinical, biochemical and genetic assessment. MetS was diagnosed according to the harmonized definition. The apolipoprotein A5 Q139X, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) Hinf I, human paraoxonase 1 (PON1) 192Arg/Gln, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq1B, adiponectin 45T>G and leptin (LEP) 25CAG were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction in participants with and without MetS. Univariate-unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted relations were conducted for all analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was high (49.0%). More females had MetS than males (51.0 vs 42.8%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes between participants with MetS and those without. Males with the MetS who had the adiponectin TG genotype and human paraoxonase 1 AA genotype were more likely to have reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P=0.001) and higher systolic blood pressure (P=0.018), respectively. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS About half of the Asian Indians living in Phoenix had MetS. No association between the polymorphisms studied and the risk for MetS was observed. The adiponectin TG genotype may be associated with reduced HDL-C and the human paraoxonase 1 AA genotype with hypertension in males. This suggested that lifestyle factors were the major determinant for MetS in this ethnic group and the genetic risk might be related to its component risk factors than to MetS as an entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Maistry
- Department of Cardiology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Michelle Gordon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Benn Sartorius
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Datshana P. Naidoo
- Department of Cardiology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Prakaschandra R, Naidoo DP. Increased waist circumference is the main driver for the development of the metabolic syndrome in South African Asian Indians. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 1:S81-S85. [PMID: 28024832 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is no current evidence available on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in South African Asian Indians, who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of the MetS in this group, between males and females, as well as in the different age-groups, using the harmonised criteria and determined the main components driving the development of MetS. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited randomly selected community participants between the ages of 15 and 65 years, in the community of Phoenix, in KwaZulu-Natal. All subjects had anthropometric variables and blood pressure measured, as well as blood drawn for blood glucose and lipids after overnight fasting. The MetS was determined using the harmonised criteria. RESULTS There were 1378 subjects sampled, mean age 45.5±13years and 1001 (72.6%) women. The age standardised prevalence for MetS was 39.9% and significantly higher (p<0.001) in women (49.9% versus 35.0% in men). The MetS was identified in 6.9% of young adults (15-24 years), with a four-fold increase in the 25-34year olds, and 60.1% in the 55-64year old group. Clustering of MetS components was present in all age-groups, but increased with advancing age. The independent contributors to the MetS were increased waist circumference, raised triglycerides and obesity. This study highlights the high prevalence of MetS in this ethnic group and the emergence of MetS in our younger subjects. Urgent population-based awareness campaigns, focussing on correcting unhealthy lifestyle behaviours should begin in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaley Prakaschandra
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Durban University of Technology, South Africa.
| | - Datshana P Naidoo
- Department of Cardiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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Association of adiponectin gene polymorphism with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127521. [PMID: 26042596 PMCID: PMC4456357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. In this study we investigated the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of several candidate genes associated with NAFLD in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and NAFLD and in those with DM but without fatty liver disease. Methods We enrolled 350 patients with type 2 DM and NAFLD and 209 patients with DM but without NAFLD. Body mass index (BMI), % body fat (% BF), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high molecular weight (HMW) isoform of adiponectin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured. Thirteen SNPs in 5 genes (adiponectin, leptin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, adiponutrin/patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α ) were measured. Results Only adiponectin rs266729 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to NAFLD (p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the proportion of subjects with homozygous genotype GG was higher in patients with NAFLD (31%) than in controls (11%) and that the proportions of heterozygous CG and homozygous CC were higher in controls (37% and 52%, respectively) than in patients with NAFLD (33% and 36%, respectively). Patients with NAFLD carrying the GG genotype of rs266729 showed significantly lower serum HMW adiponectin levels than patients carrying the GC or CC genotype (3.75±0.37 vs. 3.99±0.66 vs. 4.79±0.58 μg/ml, p< 0.001). Body fat and serum HMW adiponectin levels were the strongest predictors of developing NAFLD (p < 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Conclusions In patients with type 2 diabetes gene polymorphism of adiponectin rs266729 is associated with risk of NAFLD. G allele of rs266729 is associated with hypoadiponectinemia. Low serum adiponectin level may precipitate liver steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Zhang R, Wang J, Yang R, Sun J, Chen R, Luo H, Liu D, Cai D. Effects of Pro12Ala polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene on metabolic syndrome risk: a meta-analysis. Gene 2013; 535:79-87. [PMID: 24012868 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome risk remained controversial and ambiguous. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARγ2 gene and metabolic syndrome susceptibility. METHODS An electronic literature search was conducted on Medline, OVID, Cochrane Library database, and the China National Knowledge Internet up to March 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the strength of association in the fixed or random effects model. RESULTS Ten studies involving a total of 4456 cases and 10343 controls were included in this meta-analysis. No statistical evidence of association was found between Pro12Ala polymorphism and metabolic syndrome risk in all genetic models (homozygote model: OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.62-1.12; heterozygote model: OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.94-1.14; dominant model: OR=1.02, 95% CI=0.93-1.12; recessive model: OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.62-1.11). No statistical evidence of significant association was observed when stratified by ethnicity, definition of metabolic syndrome, source of control groups and quality score of the selected articles. All in all, the results did not support a major role of the Pro12Ala variant of the PPARγ2 gene in metabolic syndrome risk. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that the effect of Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARγ2 gene may not be related to metabolic syndrome as an entity. However, Pro12Ala may affect the single component of metabolic syndrome. A large, well designed study is required to more adequately assess the role for Pro12Ala polymorphism on metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haizhao Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dehong Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital, 253# Industry Road, 510282 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Cao CY, Li YY, Zhou YJ, Nie YQ, Wan YJY. The C-681G polymorphism of the PPAR-γ gene is associated with susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2013; 227:253-62. [PMID: 22820754 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.227.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as excessive accumulation of fatty acid in the liver, a common disease in the world. The research of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides a new approach for managing NAFLD. SNPs may increase or decrease the functions of the target genes and their encoding proteins. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) plays a key role in modulating metabolism of hepatic triglycerides and consequently magnitude of NAFLD. In this study, we investigated the effect of three SNPs in the PPAR-γ gene i.e. rs10865710 (C-681G), rs7649970 (C-689T) and rs1801282 (C34G, also termed Pro12Ala) on susceptibility to NAFLD. The participants were selected from our epidemiological survey. Totally 169 participants were enrolled in NAFLD group, and 699 healthy subjects were included as controls. PCR-RFLP was applied to detect the SNPs. The G allele frequency of rs10865710 in NAFLD group (41.1%) was significantly higher than that (34.8%) in controls (p = 0.03). Differences in other two loci (rs7649970 and rs1801282) were not statistically significant between the two groups (p > 0.05). This result was confirmed by haplotype analysis. The GCC haplotype (a set of 3 adjacent SNPs in linkage disequilibrium, corresponding to the three alleles of above polymorphisms in order) was a risk factor for the susceptibility to NAFLD (p = 0.03). This study has revealed that the G allele of rs10865710 in the PPAR-γ gene is associated with the increased susceptibility to NAFLD. Our findings may provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang-Yu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Institute of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, PR China
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Sarac F, Berdeli A, Sarac S, Savas S, Atan M, Akcicek F. Insulin receptor substrate gene polymorphisms are associated with metabolic syndrome but not with its components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jdm.2013.34033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li YY. Genetic and epigenetic variants influencing the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:6546-51. [PMID: 23236228 PMCID: PMC3516206 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i45.6546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common worldwide. The importance of genetic and epigenetic changes in etiology and pathogenesis of NAFLD has been increasingly recognized. However, the exact mechanism is largely unknown. A large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to NAFLD has been documented by candidate gene studies (CGSs). Among these genes, peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ, adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α were frequently reported. Since the introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), there have been significant advances in our understanding of genomic variations of NAFLD. Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing family member A3 (PNPLA3, SNP rs738409, encoding I148M), also termed adiponutrin, has caught most attention. The evidence that PNPLA3 is associated with increased hepatic fat levels and hepatic inflammation has been validated by a series of studies. Epigenetic modification refers to phenotypic changes caused by an adaptive mechanism unrelated to alteration of primary DNA sequences. Epigenetic regulation mainly includes microRNAs (miRs), DNA methylation, histone modifications and ubiquitination, among which miRs are studied most extensively. miRs are small natural single stranded RNA molecules regulating mRNA degradation or translation inhibition, subsequently altering protein expression of target genes. The miR-122, a highly abundant miR accounting for nearly 70% of all miRs in the liver, is significantly under-expressed in NAFLD subjects. Inhibition of miR-122 with an antisense oligonucleotide results in decreased mRNA expression of lipogenic genes and improvement of liver steatosis. The investigation into epigenetic involvement in NAFLD pathogenesis is just at the beginning and needs to be refined. This review summarizes the roles of genetics and epigenetics in the development of NAFLD. The progress made in this field may provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NAFLD management.
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Garg PR, Kabita S, Sinha E, Kalla L, Kaur L, Saraswathy KN. The association of non-HDL cholesterol with the presence of metabolic syndrome in North Indian subjects with and without CAD. Ann Hum Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2012.744094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chu H, Yang J, Mi S, Bhuyan SS, Li J, Zhong L, Liu S, Tao Z, Li J, Chen H. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha G-308 A polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction: A case-control study and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2012; 3:84-90. [PMID: 22629023 PMCID: PMC3354475 DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.95359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene may play an important role in coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk. Recently, controversial results regarding the association of the G-308 A (rs1800629)polymorphism of the TNF-α gene with CHD/MI have been reported. We herein examine a possible association between the G-308 A (rs1800629)polymorphism of the TNF-α gene and CHD/MI in a sample of the Chinese Han population. Materials and Methods: We determined the genotypes of TNF-α G-308 A (rs1800629) in 535 unrelated Chinese patients with CHD, 420 patients with MI, and 1020 coronary artery disease-free controls. Additionally, a meta-analysis of all previous studies on the TNF-α G-308 A polymorphism and the risk of CHD and MI was performed. Results: AA genotypes in the G-308 A (rs1800629)polymorphism of the TNF-α gene did not occur more frequently in CHD/MI patients than in controls; odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.743 (0.325 to 1.423) for CHD and 1.731 (0.442 to 1.526) for MI, after adjusting for conventional risk factors. Further stratification for age, gender, and other cardiovascular risk factors did not alter the prior negative findings. Pooled meta-analysis of 23 studies also found no statistically significant associations between the TNF-α polymorphism and CHD/MI risk in the genetic additive, dominant, and recessive models. Subgroup analyses showed no association between the TNF-α polymorphism and CHD/MI in Asian and Caucasian populations. Conclusion: Our study showed no association between the G-308 A (rs1800629) polymorphism of the TNF-α gene (presence of A allele) and CHD/MI in the Chinese Han population. There was no evidence of a difference in risk effects of rs1800629 between Caucasians and Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Abstract
South Asia is home to one of the largest population of people with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The prevalence of MetS in South Asians varies according to region, extent of urbanization, lifestyle patterns, and socioeconomic/cultural factors. Recent data show that about one-third of the urban population in large cities in India has the MetS. All classical risk factors comprising the MetS are prevalent in Asian Indians residing in India. The higher risk in this ethnic population necessitated a lowering of the cut-off values of the risk factors to identify and intervene for the MetS to prevent diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Some pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are underway in MetS to assess the efficacy in preventing the diabetes and cardiovascular disease in this ethnic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Pandit
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumik Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Pradip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
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Abstract
Several candidate gene studies on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been conducted. However, for most single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) no systematic review on their association with MetS exists. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted until the 2nd of June 2010, using HuGE Navigator. English language articles were selected. Only genes of which at least one SNP-MetS association was studied in an accumulative total population ≥ 4000 subjects were included. Meta-analyses were conducted on SNPs with three or more studies available in a generally healthy population. In total 88 studies on 25 genes were reviewed. Additionally, for nine SNPs in seven genes (GNB3, PPARG, TCF7L2, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, CETP) a meta-analysis was conducted. The minor allele of rs9939609 (FTO), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), C56G (APOA5), T1131C (APOA5), C482T (APOC3), C455T (APOC3) and 174G>C (IL6) were more prevalent in subjects with MetS, whereas the minor allele of Taq-1B (CETP) was less prevalent in subjects with the MetS. After having systematically reviewed the most studied SNP-MetS associations, we found evidence for an association with the MetS for eight SNPs, mostly located in genes involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Povel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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Gupta V, Gupta A, Jafar T, Gupta V, Agrawal S, Srivastava N, Kumar S, Singh AK, Natu SM, Agarwal CG, Agarwal GG. Association of TNF-α promoter gene G-308A polymorphism with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, serum TNF-α and leptin levels in Indian adult women. Cytokine 2011; 57:32-6. [PMID: 21616679 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour necrosis factor alpha is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and obesity. Aim of this study is to investigate in a North Indian female population the impact of the G-308A TNF-α variant on various components of the metabolic syndrome, Insulin Resistance, serum TNF-α and Leptin levels. METHODS The G-308A TNF-α polymorphism has been studied in 269 females with metabolic syndrome (NCEP ATP III criteria) (age 31.91±6.05) and 272 healthy females without metabolic syndrome (age 30.96±7.01). The G-308A variant was detected by PCR amplification and Nco-1 digestion. RESULTS Homozygous mutant genotype (AA) (p=<0.001: OR=3.24: 95% CI=2.15-4.89) and mutant allele (A) (p=<0.001: OR=3.04: 95% CI=2.08-4.43) of TNF-α was significantly less frequently observed in the control population as compared to study group. Furthermore, on dividing the subjects into two groups according to the absence (TNF-1 allele) or presence of the mutant A (TNF-2) allele, significant results were obtained in most of the metabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the G-308A polymorphism of the TNF-α gene may be independently associated with hypertension, leptin level and hypercholesterolemia leading to metabolic syndrome independent of Insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Gupta
- Department of Physiology, CSMMU UP, Lucknow, UP, India.
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Chan KHK, Brennan K, You NCY, Lu X, Song Y, Hsu YH, Chaudhuri G, Nathan L, Tinker L, Liu S. Common variations in the genes encoding C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6, and the risk of clinical diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Clin Chem 2010; 57:317-25. [PMID: 21149504 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.154526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been associated with an increased risk of diabetes. METHODS To examine the roles of genetic variation in the genes encoding CRP, TNF- α, and IL-6 in the development of diabetes, we conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. We followed 82 069 postmenopausal women (50-79 years of age) with no history of diabetes for incident diabetes for a mean follow-up of 5.5 years. We identified 1584 cases and matched them with 2198 controls with respect to age, ethnicity, clinical center, time of blood draw, and length of follow-up. We genotyped 13 haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) across 2.3 kb of the CRP (C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related) gene, 16 tSNPs across 2.8 kb of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) gene, and 14 tSNPs across 4.8 kb of the IL6 [interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2)] gene. Plasma concentrations of TNF-α receptor 2 (TNF-α-R2) and IL-6 were measured. RESULTS After adjusting for matching factors, confounding variables, and multiple comparisons, we found 8 variants in the TNF gene to be associated with plasma TNF-α-R2 concentrations in white women (q < 0.05). After adjusting for multiple comparisons (q > 0.05), we found no association of any IL6 gene variant with plasma IL-6 concentration, nor did we find any significant associations between any SNPs among these 3 genes and diabetes risk (q > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found modest associations between TNF variants and circulating concentrations of TNF-α-R2. Common variants of the CRP, TNF, and IL6 genes were not significantly associated with risk of clinical diabetes in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-hang K Chan
- Program on Genomics and Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Boumaiza I, Omezzine A, Rejeb J, Rebhi L, Kalboussi N, Ben Rejeb N, Nabli N, Ben Abdelaziz A, Boughazala E, Bouslama A. Apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are better risk markers for coronary artery disease than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypertriglyceridemic metabolic syndrome patients. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 8:515-22. [PMID: 20715933 DOI: 10.1089/met.2010.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in the general population. Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) particles have been considered as a risk marker in metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) concentration reflects the number of LDL particles and is closely associated with atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to compare the associations of ApoB, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with metabolic syndrome and its relationship with significant coronary stenosis (SCS) in a Tunisian population. METHODS We enrolled 192 patients, who underwent coronary angiography. The body mass index, blood lipids, fasting glucose, insulin concentration, and blood pressure of every patient were measured. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. RESULTS The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 58.3%. The comparison of the lipidic parameters between subject with and without metabolic syndrome showed a significant increase in ApoB and NHDL-C but not in LDL-C. By considering triglyceride (TG) limits (TG ≤ 0.9 mmol/L and TG > 1.70 mmol/L), we noted no differences in ApoB, NHDL-C, and LDL-C between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome in triglyceridemia ≤0.9 mmol/L. In triglyceridemia >1.70 mmol/L, a significant increase in ApoB and NHDL-C, but not in LDL-C, was noted. These results seem to consolidate the probability of increased sd-LDL in hypertriglyceridemic metabolic syndrome subjects. Indeed, in our study the odds ratio (OR) of SCS associated with metabolic syndrome is 3.81 (P = 0.007) in the studied population. This risk increases to 8.70 (P = 0.026) in hypertriglyceridemic subjects and seems to be associated with ApoB and NHDL-C (OR = 1.87, P = 0.038; OR = 1.26, P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that ApoB and NHDL-C seem to be more correlated to SCS in metabolic syndrome with hypertriglyceridemia than LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Boumaiza
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Shaloul, Sousse, Tunisia
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16
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Zhou YJ, Li YY, Nie YQ, Yang H, Zhan Q, Huang J, Shi SL, Lai XB, Huang HL. Influence of polygenetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of Chinese people. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:772-7. [PMID: 20492333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of polygenetic polymorphisms, which play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, on the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) of Chinese people. METHODS The subjects were selected from an epidemiological survey in the Guangdong province of southern China. In each polymorphism study, 50-117 subjects who met the diagnostic criteria of NAFLD and had typical clinical and ultrasonographic findings were placed into the case group. Using a nested case-control design, the same numbers of matched people without NAFLD were included as controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at nine positions in seven candidate genes were tested. These SNP were found to be associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Genetic analyses were performed using genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was applied to detect SNP. RESULTS Most candidate genes' SNP were associated with susceptibility to NAFLD. Some showed positive relationships (increased risk): tumor necrosis factor-alpha-238, adiponectin-45, leptin-2548, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-161 and phosphatidyletha-nolamine N-methyltransferase-175. Other SNP demonstrated a negative association (decreased risk): adiponectin-276 and hepatic lipase-514. Only two were not associated: tumor necrosis factor-alpha-380 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma co-activator-1alpha-482. CONCLUSION Most candidate genes' SNP examined in metabolic syndrome patients were associated with susceptibility to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
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Rejeb J, Omezzine A, Boumaiza I, Rebhi L, Kalboussi N, Laouini A, Rejeb NB, Nabli N, Abdelaziz AB, Boughzala E, Bouslama A. Metabolic Syndrome Is a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease in a Tunisian Population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 8:105-12. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2009.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jihène Rejeb
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Asma Omezzine
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Imen Boumaiza
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Rebhi
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Kalboussi
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Abdallah Laouini
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nabila Ben Rejeb
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Naoufel Nabli
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Essia Boughzala
- Department of Cardiology, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ali Bouslama
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Misra A, Khurana L. The Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians: Epidemiology, Determinants, and Prevention. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2009; 7:497-514. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2009.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Misra
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj, Delhi, India
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity, and Cholesterol Disorders (C-DOC), Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi, India
| | - Lokesh Khurana
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity, and Cholesterol Disorders (C-DOC), Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi, India
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