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Association and interaction effect of UCP2 gene polymorphisms and dietary factors with congenital heart diseases in Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8699. [PMID: 33888769 PMCID: PMC8062668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common birth defects and the leading cause of non-infectious deaths in infants, with an unknown etiology. We aimed to assess the association of genetic variations in UCP2 gene, dietary factors, and their interactions with the risk of CHDs in offspring. The hospital-based case–control study included 464 mothers of children with CHDs and 504 mothers of healthy children. The exposures of interest were maternal dietary factors in early pregnancy and UCP2 genetic variants. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association and interaction of UCP2 gene and dietary factors with CHDs. Our results found that the polymorphisms of UCP2 gene at rs659366 and rs660339, together with maternal dietary factors including excessive intake of pickled vegetables and smoked foods were associated with increased risks of CHDs in offspring. Regular intake of fresh meat, fish and shrimp, and milk products were associated with lower risks of CHDs in offspring. Besides, positive interaction between the dominant model of rs659366 and excessive intake of pickled vegetables was found in the additive interaction model (RERI = 1.19, P = 0.044). These findings provide the theoretical basis for gene screening and a new clue for the prevention of CHDs in offspring.
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Wang M, Wang K, Deng G, Liu X, Wu X, Hu H, Zhang Y, Gao W, Li Q. Mitochondria-Modulating Porous Se@SiO 2 Nanoparticles Provide Resistance to Oxidative Injury in Airway Epithelial Cells: Implications for Acute Lung Injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2287-2302. [PMID: 32280221 PMCID: PMC7127826 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s240301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction played a vital role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI). However, few strategies targeting mitochondria were developed in treating ALI. Recently, we fabricated a porous Se@SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with antioxidant properties. Methods The protective effect of Se@SiO2 NPs was assessed using confocal imaging, immunoblotting, RNA-seq, mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) activity assay, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in airway epithelial cell line (Beas-2B). The in vivo efficacy of Se@SiO2 NPs was evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse model. Results This study demonstrated that Se@SiO2 NPs significantly increased the resistance of airway epithelial cells under oxidative injury and shifted lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression profile closer to the untreated controls. The cytoprotection of Se@SiO2 was found to be achieved by maintaining mitochondrial function, activity, and dynamics. In an animal model of ALI, pretreated with the NPs improved mitochondrial dysfunction, thus reducing inflammatory responses and diffuse damage in lung tissues. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis provided evidence for the broad modulatory activity of our Se@SiO2 NPs in various metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases. Conclusion This study brought new insights into mitochondria-targeting bioactive NPs, with application potential in curing ALI or other human mitochondria-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbei Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
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Boteon YL, Boteon APCS, Attard J, Mergental H, Mirza DF, Bhogal RH, Afford SC. Ex situ machine perfusion as a tool to recondition steatotic donor livers: Troublesome features of fatty livers and the role of defatting therapies. A systematic review. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:2384-2399. [PMID: 29947472 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long-standing research has shown that increased lipid content in donor livers is associated with inferior graft outcomes posttransplant. The global epidemic that is obesity has increased the prevalence of steatosis in organ donors, to the extent that it has become one of the main reasons for declining livers for transplantation. Consequently, it is one of the major culprits behind the discrepancy between the number of donor livers offered for transplantation and those that go on to be transplanted. Steatotic livers are characterized by poor microcirculation, depleted energy stores because of an impaired capacity for mitochondrial recovery, and a propensity for an exaggerated inflammatory response following reperfusion injury culminating in poorer graft function postoperatively. Ex situ machine perfusion, currently a novel method in graft preservation, is showing great promise in providing a tool for the recovery and reconditioning of marginal livers. Hence, reconditioning these steatotic livers using machine perfusion has the potential to increase the number of liver transplants performed. In this review, we consider the problematic issues associated with fatty livers in the realm of transplantation and discuss pharmacological and nonpharmacological options that are being developed to enhance recovery of these organs using machine perfusion and defatting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri L Boteon
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Amanda P C S Boteon
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joseph Attard
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hynek Mergental
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Darius F Mirza
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ricky H Bhogal
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon C Afford
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Garlid KD, Jabůrek M. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: Subtle Regulators of Cellular Redox Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:667-714. [PMID: 29351723 PMCID: PMC6071544 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are the energetic, metabolic, redox, and information signaling centers of the cell. Substrate pressure, mitochondrial network dynamics, and cristae morphology state are integrated by the protonmotive force Δp or its potential component, ΔΨ, which are attenuated by proton backflux into the matrix, termed uncoupling. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP1-5) play an eminent role in the regulation of each of the mentioned aspects, being involved in numerous physiological events including redox signaling. Recent Advances: UCP2 structure, including purine nucleotide and fatty acid (FA) binding sites, strongly support the FA cycling mechanism: UCP2 expels FA anions, whereas uncoupling is achieved by the membrane backflux of protonated FA. Nascent FAs, cleaved by phospholipases, are preferential. The resulting Δp dissipation decreases superoxide formation dependent on Δp. UCP-mediated antioxidant protection and its impairment are expected to play a major role in cell physiology and pathology. Moreover, UCP2-mediated aspartate, oxaloacetate, and malate antiport with phosphate is expected to alter metabolism of cancer cells. CRITICAL ISSUES A wide range of UCP antioxidant effects and participations in redox signaling have been reported; however, mechanisms of UCP activation are still debated. Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources. Rapid UCP2 degradation, FA levels, elevation of purine nucleotides, decreased Mg2+, or increased pyruvate accumulation may initiate UCP-mediated redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Issues such as UCP2 participation in glucose sensing, neuronal (synaptic) function, and immune cell activation should be elucidated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 667-714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Keith D Garlid
- 2 UCLA Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
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Ou L, Lin S, Song B, Liu J, Lai R, Shao L. The mechanisms of graphene-based materials-induced programmed cell death: a review of apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6633-6646. [PMID: 28924347 PMCID: PMC5595361 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s140526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are widely used in many fields, including biomedicine. To date, much attention had been paid to the potential unexpected toxic effects of GBMs. Here, we review the recent literature regarding the impact of GBMs on programmed cell death (PCD). Apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis are three major PCDs. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the mitochondrial pathways and MAPKs (JNK, ERK, and p38)- and TGF-β-related signaling pathways are implicated in GBMs-induced apoptosis. Autophagy, unlike apoptosis and necroptosis which are already clear cell death types, plays a vital pro-survival role in cell homeostasis, so its role in cell death should be carefully considered. However, GBMs always induce unrestrained autophagy accelerating cell death. GBMs trigger autophagy through inducing autophagosome accumulation and lysosome impairment. Mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, TLRs signaling pathways, and p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways participate in GBMs-induced autophagy. Programmed necrosis can be activated by RIP kinases, PARP, and TLR-4 signaling in macrophages after GBMs exposure. Though apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis are distinguished by some characteristics, their numerous signaling pathways comprise an interconnected network and correlate with each other, such as the TLRs, p53 signaling pathways, and the Beclin-1 and Bcl-2 interaction. A better understanding of the mechanisms of PCD induced by GBMs may allow for a thorough study of the toxicology of GBMs and a more precise determination of the consequences of human exposure to GBMs. These determinations will also benefit safety assessments of the biomedical and therapeutic applications of GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Cytoprotective Effect of the UCP2-SIRT3 Signaling Pathway by Decreasing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071599. [PMID: 28737710 PMCID: PMC5536086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovered blood supply after cerebral ischemia for a certain period of time fails to restore brain function, with more severe dysfunctional problems developing, called cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIR). CIR involves several extremely complex pathophysiological processes in which the interactions between key factors at various stages have not been fully elucidated. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most important mechanisms of CIR. The mitochondrial deacetylase, sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), can inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress by deacetylation, to maintain mitochondrial stability. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) regulates ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and reactive oxygen species production by affecting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which may play a protective role in CIR. Finally, we propose that UCP2 regulates the activity of SIRT3 through sensing the energy level and, in turn, maintaining the mitochondrial steady state, which demonstrates a cytoprotective effect on CIR.
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Ge H, Zhang F, Duan P, Zhu N, Zhang J, Ye F, Shan D, Chen H, Lu X, Zhu C, Ge R, Lin Z. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 in human cumulus cells is associated with regulating autophagy and apoptosis, maintaining gap junction integrity and progesterone synthesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:128-137. [PMID: 28089824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To explore the roles of mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) in cumulus cells (CCs), human CCs were cultured in vitro, and the UCP2 was inhibited by treatment with Genipin, a special UCP inhibitor, or by RNA interference targeting UCP2. No significant differences in adenosine triphosphate levels and the ratio of ADP/ATP were observed after UCP2 inhibition. UCP2 inhibition caused a significant increase in cellular oxidative damage, which was reflected in alterations to several key parameters, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels and the ratio of reduced GSH to GSSG. UCP2 blocking resulted in an obvious increase in active Caspase-3, accompanied by the decline of proactive Caspase-3 and a significant increase in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, suggesting that UCP2 inhibition triggered cellular apoptosis and autophagy. The mRNA and protein expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction channel protein, were significantly reduced after treatment with Genipin or siRNA. The progesterone level in the culture medium was also significantly decreased after UCP2 inhibition. Our data indicated that UCP2 plays highly important roles in mediating ROS production and regulating apoptosis and autophagy, as well as maintaining gap junction integrity and progesterone synthesis, which suggests that UCP2 is involved in the regulation of follicle development and early embryo implantation and implies that it might serve as a potential biomarker for oocyte quality and competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan Ge
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, 225300, People's Republic of China; The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Duan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feijun Ye
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhoushan Hospital Affiliated Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, 316100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Shan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoSheng Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - ChunFang Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Renshan Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkun Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Chen Y, Xu Y, Zheng H, Fu J, Hou Y, Wang H, Zhang Q, Yamamoto M, Pi J. The role of nuclear factor E2-Related factor 2 and uncoupling protein 2 in glutathione metabolism: Evidence from an in vivo gene knockout study. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Intereukin-10 and Kupffer cells protect steatotic mice livers from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur Cytokine Netw 2015; 25:69-76. [PMID: 25679269 DOI: 10.1684/ecn.2015.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Steatotic livers are more sensitive to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and are thus routinely rejected for transplantation because of their increased rate of primary nonfunction (PNF). Lean livers have less I/R-induced damage and inflammation due to Kupffer cells (KC), which are protective after total, warm, hepatic I/R with associated bowel congestion. This protection has been linked to KC-dependent expression of the potent anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). We hypothesized that pretreatment with exogenous IL-10 would protect the steatotic livers of genetically obese (ob/ob) mice from inflammation and injury induced by I/R. Lean and ob/ob mice were pretreated with either IL-10 or liposomally-encapsulated bisphosphonate clodronate (shown to deplete KC) prior to total, warm, hepatic I/R. IL-10 pretreatment increased survival of ob/ob animals at 24 hrs post-I/R from 30% to 100%, and significantly decreased serum ALT levels. At six hrs post-I/R, IL-10 pretreatment increased IL-10 mRNA expression, but suppressed up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β mRNA. However, ALT levels were elevated at six hrs post-I/R in KC-depleted animals. These data reveal that pretreatment with IL-10 protects steatotic livers undergoing I/R, and that phagocytically active KC retain a hepatoprotective role in the steatotic environment.
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10
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Kim JH, Sanetuntikul J, Shanmugam S, Kim E. Necrotic cell death caused by exposure to graphitic carbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:2875-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Kim
- Nano & Bio Research Division, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST); Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea
| | - Jakkid Sanetuntikul
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering; Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST); Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangaraju Shanmugam
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering; Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST); Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Nano & Bio Research Division, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST); Daegu 711-873 Republic of Korea
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Ogundele OM, Ajonijebu DC, Adeniyi PA, Alade OI, Balogun WG, Cobham AE, Ishola AO, Abdulbasit A. Cerebrovascular changes in the rat brain in two models of ischemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:199-209. [PMID: 25156812 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular occlusion and cyanide neurotoxicity induces oxidative stress and degeneration in the brain. This oxidant induced stress changes the vascular dynamics of cerebral blood vessels, and participates in homeostatic response mechanisms which balance oxygen supply to hypoxic stress-sensitive neurons. The associated changes in vascular morphology include remodeling of the microvasculature and endothelial changes, alterations in regional circulation and variations in the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study compares alterations in physiology of the cerebral artery after a short-term oxidative stress induced by cyanide toxicity and vascular occlusion. METHOD Adult Wistar rats (N=30) were divided into three groups; vascular occlusion (VO) (n=12), potassium cyanide administration (CN) (n=12) and Control-CO (n=6). The CN rates were treated with 30mg/kg of orally administered KCN while the VO was subjected to global vascular occlusion, both for a duration of 10 days, described as the treatment phase. Control animals were fed on normal rat chow and water for 10 days. At the end of the treatment phase, n=6 animals in each of the VO, CN and VO groups were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (50IP) and the CCA exposed, after which pin electrodes were implanted to record the spikes form the tunica media of the CCA. After day 10, treatment was discontinued for these animals, each remaining in the VO and CN groups (VO-I and CN-I) until day 20 (withdrawal phase) following which the spikes were recorded using the procedure described above. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Vascular occlusion and cyanide toxicity increased vascular resistance in the MCA (reduced lumen thickness ratio) and increased the diameter of the CCA after the treatment phase of 10 days. After 10 days of withdrawal, the VO group showed a reduction in resistance and an increase in the lumen width/wall thickness ratio (LWR) while the CN group showed increased resistance and a reduction in LWR. CONCLUSION Cyanide toxicity increased vascular resistance by inducing degenerative changes in the wall of the artery while vascular occlusion increased resistance through mechanical stress and increased thickness of arterial wall. After the withdrawal phase, vascular resistance diminished in the VO to a significantly greater extent than the CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan Michael Ogundele
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Duyilemi Chris Ajonijebu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Philip Adeyemi Adeniyi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olusoji Ibukunoluwa Alade
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Wasiu Gbolahan Balogun
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Ansa Emmanuel Cobham
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Azeez Olakunle Ishola
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Amin Abdulbasit
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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12
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Palanisamy AP, Cheng G, Sutter AG, Liu J, Lewin DN, Chao J, Chavin K. Adenovirus-mediated eNOS expression augments liver injury after ischemia/reperfusion in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93304. [PMID: 24667691 PMCID: PMC3965553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (l/R) injury continues to be a critical problem. The role of nitric oxide in liver I/R injury is still controversial. This study examines the effect of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) over-expression on hepatic function following I/R. Adenovirus expressing human eNOS (Ad-eNOS) was administered by tail vein injection into C57BL/6 mice. Control mice received either adenovirus expressing LacZ or vehicle only. Sixty minutes of total hepatic ischemia was performed 3 days after adenovirus treatment, and mice were sacrificed after 6 or 24 hrs of reperfusion to assess hepatic injury. eNOS over expression caused increased liver injury as evidenced by elevated AST and ALT levels and decreased hepatic ATP content. While necrosis was not pervasive in any group, TUNEL demonstrated significantly increased apoptosis in Ad-eNOS infected livers. Western blotting demonstrated increased levels of protein nitration and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins bax and p53. Our data suggest that over-expression of eNOS is detrimental in the setting of hepatic I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun P. Palanisamy
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gang Cheng
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alton G. Sutter
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John Liu
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - David N. Lewin
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Julie Chao
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Chavin
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department Of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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