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Samandari M, Saeedinejad F, Quint J, Chuah SXY, Farzad R, Tamayol A. Repurposing biomedical muscle tissue engineering for cellular agriculture: challenges and opportunities. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:887-906. [PMID: 36914431 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is an emerging field rooted in engineering meat-mimicking cell-laden structures using tissue engineering practices that have been developed for biomedical applications, including regenerative medicine. Research and industrial efforts are focused on reducing the cost and improving the throughput of cultivated meat (CM) production using these conventional practices. Due to key differences in the goals of muscle tissue engineering for biomedical versus food applications, conventional strategies may not be economically and technologically viable or socially acceptable. In this review, these two fields are critically compared, and the limitations of biomedical tissue engineering practices in achieving the important requirements of food production are discussed. Additionally, the possible solutions and the most promising biomanufacturing strategies for cellular agriculture are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farnoosh Saeedinejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sharon Xin Ying Chuah
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Sea Grant and Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Razieh Farzad
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Sea Grant and Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA.
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2
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Hunckler MD, Levine AD. Navigating ethical challenges in the development and translation of biomaterials research. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:949280. [PMID: 36204464 PMCID: PMC9530811 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.949280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials--from implanted iron teeth in the second century to intraocular lenses, artificial joints, and stents today--have long been used clinically. Today, biomaterials researchers and biomedical engineers are pushing beyond these inert synthetic alternatives and incorporating complex multifunctional materials to control biological interactions and direct physiological processes. These advances are leading to novel strategies for targeted drug delivery, drug screening, diagnostics and imaging, gene therapy, tissue regeneration, and cell transplantation. While the field has survived ethical transgressions in the past, the rapidly expanding scope of biomaterials science, combined with the accelerating clinical translation of this diverse field calls for urgent attention to the complex and challenging ethical dilemmas these advances pose. This perspective responds to this call, examining the intersection of research ethics -- the sets of rules, principles and norms guiding responsible scientific inquiry -- and ongoing advances in biomaterials. While acknowledging the inherent tensions between certain ethical norms and the pressures of the modern scientific and engineering enterprise, we argue that the biomaterials community needs to proactively address ethical issues in the field by, for example, updating or adding specificity to codes of ethics, modifying training programs to highlight the importance of ethical research practices, and partnering with funding agencies and journals to adopt policies prioritizing the ethical conduct of biomaterials research. Together these actions can strengthen and support biomaterials as its advances are increasingly commercialized and impacting the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Hunckler
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Aaron D. Levine
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- *Correspondence: Aaron D. Levine,
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3
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Tsao CK, Liao KH, Hsiao HY, Liu YH, Wu CT, Cheng MH, Zhong WB. Tracheal reconstruction with pedicled tandem grafts engineered by a radial stretch bioreactor. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:118-131. [PMID: 35412872 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221082357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The engineering of tracheal substitutes is pivotal in improving tracheal reconstruction. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of biomechanical stimulation on tissue engineering tracheal cartilage by mimicking the trachea motion through a novel radial stretching bioreactor, which enables to dynamically change the diameter of the hollow cylindrical implants. Applying our bioreactor, we demonstrated that chondrocytes seeded on the surface of Poly (ε-caprolactone) scaffold respond to mechanical stimulation by improvement of infiltration into implants and upregulation of cartilage-specific genes. Further, the mechanical stimulation enhanced the accumulation of cartilage neo-tissues and cartilage-specific extracellular macromolecules in the muscle flap-remodeled implants and reconstructed trachea. Nevertheless, the invasion of fibrous tissues in the reconstructed trachea was suppressed upon mechanical loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Kan Tsao
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Liao
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Hsiao
- Center for Tissue Engineering, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hen Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Tsai Wu
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huei Cheng
- Center of Lymphedema Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Zhong
- Center for Tissue Engineering, 38014Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, 38014Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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4
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Starr NC, Creel L, Harryman C, Gupta N. Cost Utility Analysis of Costal Cartilage Autografts and Human Cadaveric Allografts in Rhinoplasty. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021; 131:1123-1129. [PMID: 34779266 DOI: 10.1177/00034894211058115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human cadaveric allograft (HCA) and costal cartilage autograft (CCA) have been described for reconstruction during rhinoplasty. Neither are ideal due to infection, resorption, and donor site morbidity. The clear superiority of 1 graft over the other has not yet been demonstrated. This study assesses comparative costs associated with current grafting materials to better explore the cost ceiling for a theoretical tissue engineered implant. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cost utility analysis was performed. Initial procedure costs include physician fees (CPT 30420), hospital outpatient prospective payments, ambulatory surgical center payments, and fees for the following: rib graft (CPT 20910), hospital observation, and DRG (155) for inpatient admission. Additional costs for revision procedure, included the following fees: physician (CPT 30345), rib graft, hospital outpatient prospective payment, and ambulatory surgical center payments. Total costs under each scenario were calculated with and without the revision procedure. Comparison of total costs for each potential outcome to the estimated health utility value allowed for comparison across rhinoplasty subgroups. RESULTS The mean cost of primary outpatient rhinoplasty using HCA and CCA were $8075 and $8342 respectively. Revision outpatient rhinoplasty averaged $7447 and increased to $8228 if costal cartilage harvest was required. Hospital admission increased the cost of primary rhinoplasty with CCA to $8609 for observational admission and to $13653 for 1 day inpatient admission. Revision CCA rhinoplasty with an inpatient admission complicated by pneumothorax increased costs to $21 099. CONCLUSION Cost of rhinoplasty without hospitalization was similar between HCA and CCA and this cost represents the lower limit of a practical cost for an engineered graft. Considering complications such as need for revision or for admission after CCA due to surgical morbidity, the upper limit of cost for an engineered implant would approximately double.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Starr
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Liza Creel
- School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christopher Harryman
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Nikita Gupta
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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5
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Sun F, Lu Y, Wang Z, Zhang B, Shen Z, Yuan L, Wu C, Wu Q, Yang W, Zhang G, Pan Z, Shi H. Directly construct microvascularization of tissue engineering trachea in orthotopic transplantation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112201. [PMID: 34474813 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology provides effective alternative treatments for tracheal reconstruction. The formation of a functional microvascular network is essential to support cell metabolism and ensure the long-term survival of grafts. However, given the lack of an identifiable vascular pedicle of the trachea that could be anastomosed to the blood vessels directly in the recipient's neck, successful tracheal transplantation faces significant challenges in rebuilding the adequate blood supply of the graft. Herein, we describe a one-step method to construct microvascularization of tissue-engineered trachea in orthotopic transplantation. Forty rabbit tracheae were decellularized using a vacuum-assisted decellularization (VAD) method. Histological appearance and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis demonstrated efficient removal of cellular components and nuclear material from natural tissue, which was also confirmed by 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI) staining and DNA quantitative analysis, thus significantly reducing the antigenicity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence (IF) analysis, GAG and collagen quantitative analysis showed that the hierarchical structures, composition and integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were protected. IF analysis also demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) was preserved during the decellularization process, and also exerted biocompatibility and proangiogenic properties by the chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay. Xenotransplantation assays indicated that the VAD tracheal matrix would no longer induced inflammatory reactions implanted in the body for 4 weeks after treated by VAD more than 16 h. Furthermore, we seeded the matrix with bone marrow-derived endothelial cells (BMECs) in vitro and performed in vivo tracheal patch repair assays to prove the biocompatibility and neovascularization of VAD-treated tracheal matrix, and the formation of a vascular network around the patch promoted the crawling of surrounding ciliated epithelial cells to the surface of the graft. We conclude that this natural VAD tracheal matrix is non-immunogenic and no inflammatory reactions in vivo transplantation. Seeding with BMECs on the grafts and then performing orthotopic transplantation can effectively promote the microvascularization and accelerate the native epithelium cells crawling to the lumen of the tracheal graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Boyou Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zhiming Shen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Cong Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ziyin Pan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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6
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Guo HL, Wang L, Jia ZM, Bao XQ, Huang YC, Zhou JM, Xie H, Yang XJ, Chen F. Tissue expander capsule as an induced vascular bed to prefabricate an axial vascularized buccal mucosa-lined flap for tubularized posterior urethral reconstruction: preliminary results in an animal model. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:459-464. [PMID: 31929196 PMCID: PMC7523609 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_133_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical repair of complex posterior urethral disruptions remains one of the most challenging problems in urology. The efficacy of using a tissue expander capsule as an induced vascular bed to prefabricate axial vascularized buccal mucosa-lined flaps for tubularized posterior urethral reconstruction in a rabbit model was tested. The experiments were performed in three stages. First, silicone tissue expanders were inserted into the groin to induce vascularized capsule pouch formation. Next, buccal mucosa grafts were transplanted into the newly formed capsular tissue supplied by axial vessels for buccal mucosa-lined flap prefabrication. Then, circumferential posterior urethral defects were created and repaired with the buccal mucosa graft (Group 1), the capsule flap (Group 2), and the prefabricated capsule buccal mucosa composite flap (Group 3). After surgery, notable contracture of the tubularized buccal mucosa graft was observed in the neourethra, and none of the rabbits in Group 1 maintained a wide urethral caliber. In Group 2, the retrieved neourethra showed little evidence of epithelial lining during the study period, and the lumen caliber was narrowed at the 3-month evaluation. In Group 3, the buccal mucosa formed the lining in the neourethra and maintained a wide urethral caliber for 3 months. The capsule may serve as an induced vascular bed for buccal mucosa-lined flap prefabrication. The prefabricated buccal mucosa-lined flap may serve as a neourethra flap for posterior urethral replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lin Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.,Shanghai Eastern Urological Reconstruction and Repair Institute, Shanghai 200233, China.,Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.,Shanghai Eastern Urological Reconstruction and Repair Institute, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Jia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xing-Qi Bao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yi-Chen Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jun-Mei Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.,Shanghai Eastern Urological Reconstruction and Repair Institute, Shanghai 200233, China
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7
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Sun F, Lu Y, Wang Z, Shi H. Vascularization strategies for tissue engineering for tracheal reconstruction. Regen Med 2021; 16:549-566. [PMID: 34114475 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology provides effective alternative treatments for tracheal reconstruction. The formation of a functional microvascular network is essential to support cell metabolism and ensure the long-term survival of grafts. Although several tracheal replacement therapy strategies have been developed in the past, the critical significance of the formation of microvascular networks in 3D scaffolds has not attracted sufficient attention. Here, we review key technologies and related factors of microvascular network construction in tissue-engineered trachea and explore optimized preparation processes of vascularized functional tissues for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine for Prevention & Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
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8
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Detection of the residual concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate in the decellularized whole rabbit kidney extracellular matrix. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:119-128. [PMID: 33909237 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To optimize rabbit kidney decellularization protocol, using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a commonly used detergent, a methylene blue based assay was employed for detecting the minimum nontoxic SDS level for future cell seeding. The rabbit kidney tissues were decellularized with the perfusion-based method and underwent several investigations to determine the efficacy of decellularization in preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell removal. SDS detection was performed by incubating with methylene blue and subsequent extraction with chloroform. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yr)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and SDS release were also evaluated during the entire process. After the first washing cycle, SDS concentration was 0.036, in 500 mL of the washing liquid, which slowly decreased and reached to 0.009 % after at the end of seventh washing cycle. In the 9th cycle, SDS was gradually decreased and reached to 0.003 %. SDS was significantly released after one week of incubation which ceased after ten washing cycles. The results of MTT assay demonstrated that different cells exhibited various sensitivity levels when exposed to serial concentrations of SDS. Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) with 0.003 % threshold for cellular toxicity and 87.4 % cell viability were more resistant compared with mesenchymal stem cells with 0.001 % threshold and 85.4 % cell viability. Colorimetric assay with methylene blue is a straightforward and non-invasive method to detect residual SDS present in tissue and can also prevent ECM destruction after several washings for detergent removal from decellularized tissues.
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Scaffold-free cell-based tissue engineering therapies: advances, shortfalls and forecast. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:18. [PMID: 33782415 PMCID: PMC8007731 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based scaffold-free therapies seek to develop in vitro organotypic three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like surrogates, capitalising upon the inherent capacity of cells to create tissues with efficiency and sophistication that is still unparalleled by human-made devices. Although automation systems have been realised and (some) success stories have been witnessed over the years in clinical and commercial arenas, in vitro organogenesis is far from becoming a standard way of care. This limited technology transfer is largely attributed to scalability-associated costs, considering that the development of a borderline 3D implantable device requires very high number of functional cells and prolonged ex vivo culture periods. Herein, we critically discuss advancements and shortfalls of scaffold-free cell-based tissue engineering strategies, along with pioneering concepts that have the potential to transform regenerative and reparative medicine.
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10
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The Application of a Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane in the Vascularization of a Decellularized Tracheal Scaffold. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6624265. [PMID: 33747094 PMCID: PMC7960062 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6624265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway stenosis is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A tissue-engineered trachea is a new therapeutic method and a research hotspot. Successful vascularization is the key to the application of a tissue-engineered trachea. However, successful vascularization studies lack a complete description. In this study, it was assumed that rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained and induced by ascorbic acid to detect the tissue structure, ultrastructure, and gene expression of the extracellular matrix. A vascular endothelial cell culture medium was added in vitro to induce the vascularization of the stem cell sheet (SCS), and the immunohistochemistry and gene expression of vascular endothelial cell markers were detected. At the same time, vascular growth-related factors were added and detected during SCS construction. After the SCS and decellularized tracheal (DT) were constructed, a tetrandrine allograft was performed to observe its vascularization potential. We established the architecture and identified rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell membranes by 14 days of ascorbic acid, studied the role of a vascularized membrane in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by in vitro ascorbic acid, and assessed the role of combining the stem cell membranes and noncellular tracheal scaffolds in vivo. Fourteen experiments confirmed that cell membranes promote angiogenesis at gene level. The results of 21-day in vitro experiments showed that the composite tissue-engineered trachea had strong angiogenesis. In vivo experiments show that a composite tissue-engineered trachea has strong potential for angiogenesis. It promotes the understanding of diseases of airway stenosis and tissue-engineered tracheal regeneration in newborns and small infants.
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11
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Sekar MP, Budharaju H, Zennifer A, Sethuraman S, Vermeulen N, Sundaramurthi D, Kalaskar DM. Current standards and ethical landscape of engineered tissues-3D bioprinting perspective. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211027677. [PMID: 34377431 PMCID: PMC8330463 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211027677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an evolving multi-disciplinary field with cutting-edge technologies and innovative scientific perceptions that promise functional regeneration of damaged tissues/organs. Tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs) are biomaterial-cell products or a cell-drug combination which is injected, implanted or topically applied in the course of a therapeutic or diagnostic procedure. Current tissue engineering strategies aim at 3D printing/bioprinting that uses cells and polymers to construct living tissues/organs in a layer-by-layer fashion with high 3D precision. However, unlike conventional drugs or therapeutics, TEMPs and 3D bioprinted tissues are novel therapeutics and need different regulatory protocols for clinical trials and commercialization processes. Therefore, it is essential to understand the complexity of raw materials, cellular components, and manufacturing procedures to establish standards that can help to translate these products from bench to bedside. These complexities are reflected in the regulations and standards that are globally in practice to prevent any compromise or undue risks to patients. This review comprehensively describes the current legislations, standards for TEMPs with a special emphasis on 3D bioprinted tissues. Based on these overviews, challenges in the clinical translation of TEMPs & 3D bioprinted tissues/organs along with their ethical concerns and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthu Parkkavi Sekar
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Allen Zennifer
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Niki Vermeulen
- Department of Science, Technology and Innovation Studies, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, High School Yards, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Akbarzadeh A, Khorramirouz R, Ghorbani F, Beigi RSH, Hashemi J, Kajbafzadeh AM. Preparation and characterization of human size whole heart for organ engineering: scaffold microangiographic imaging. Regen Med 2019; 14:939-954. [PMID: 31592738 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Definitive treatment for end-stage heart failure is heart transplantation, however, this is associated with several limitations. Aim: We decellularized and assessed ovine hearts through coronary perfusion. To evaluate in situ recellularization, a decellular graft was transplanted hetrotopically into the omental wrap. Results: Cell removal was confirmed by DNA count (11.68 ± 3.42 ng/mg dry weight). Elastic, reticular and collagen fiber were well preserved. There was a slight change in both glycosaminoglycan (7.01 ± 1.36 to 8.37 ± 0.32 μg/mg) and collagen (32.37 ± 2.3 to 36.31 ± 2.1) μg/mg (p > 0.05). Angiography and blood circulation revealed an intact vascular network. Implantation led to proper vascularization. Image J indicated CD31: 23.98 ± 12.3; CD34: 48.67 ± 19.5 and αSMA: 78.33 ± 27.8 inch/cm. Conclusion: Bio-scaffold of human size heart is achievable for future steps employing this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Akbarzadeh
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering & Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khorramirouz
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering & Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghorbani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis & Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Seyyed Hossein Beigi
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering & Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Hashemi
- Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan, University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology & Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering & Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Nishigaki F, Ezoe S, Kitajima H, Hata K. Human resource development contributes to the creation of outstanding regenerative medicine products. Regen Ther 2017; 7:17-23. [PMID: 30271848 PMCID: PMC6134916 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is currently the focus of global attention. Countries all around the world are actively working to create new regenerative treatment modalities through pioneering research and novel technologies. This is wonderful news for patients who could not be treated with existing medical options. New venture businesses and companies are being established in regenerative medicine and their rapid industrialization is anticipated. However, to ensure high-quality products, human resources qualified in research and development and the manufacturing of these products are essential. The Forum for Innovative Regenerative Medicine (FIRM) conducted a questionnaire of its industry members to examine the training and hiring of people in research and development, product creation, manufacturing, and more. Regenerative medicine is a brand new field; thus, many different businesses will need to cooperate together. People with a broad range of technical skills, abilities, and knowledge will be in demand, with various levels of expertise, from basic to advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusako Nishigaki
- Regenerative Medicine Labs., Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
- Forum for Innovative Regenerative Medicine (FIRM), 2-3-11 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0023, Japan
| | - Sachikon Ezoe
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitajima
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Forum for Innovative Regenerative Medicine (FIRM), 2-3-11 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0023, Japan
- Japan Tissue Engineering Co., Ltd. (J-TEC), Japan
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14
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Elliott M. Seeing Through the Lies: Surgical Innovation and the Need for Transparency. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2017; 8:520-526. [PMID: 28696870 DOI: 10.1177/2150135117717975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Robert E Gross Lecture was delivered by Professor Martin Elliott of London, at Boston Children's Hospital June 1st, 2016. Professor Elliott makes a plea for revision to the system of medical publication and academic reward, especially in the field of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Elliott
- 1 Professor, Paediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, University College London, Bloomsbury, London, United Kingdom.,2 Professor, Gresham College London, Holborn, London, United Kingdom.,3 The Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Five Critical Areas that Combat High Costs and Prolonged Development Times for Regenerative Medicine Manufacturing. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-017-0083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Versteegden LRM, de Jonge PKJD, IntHout J, van Kuppevelt TH, Oosterwijk E, Feitz WFJ, de Vries RBM, Daamen WF. Tissue Engineering of the Urethra: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Eur Urol 2017; 72:594-606. [PMID: 28385451 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Urethra repair by tissue engineering has been extensively studied in laboratory animals and patients, but is not routinely used in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate preclinical and clinical evidence of the efficacy of tissue engineering for urethra repair in order to stimulate translation of preclinical studies to the clinic. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic search strategy was applied in PubMed and EMBASE. Studies were independently screened for relevance by two reviewers, resulting in 80 preclinical and 23 clinical studies of which 63 and 13 were selected for meta-analysis to assess side effects, functionality, and study completion. Analyses for preclinical and clinical studies were performed separately. Full circumferential and inlay procedures were assessed independently. Evaluated parameters included seeding of cells and type of biomaterial. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Meta-analysis revealed that cell seeding significantly reduced the probability of encountering side effects in preclinical studies. Remarkably though, cells were only sparsely used in the clinic (4/23 studies) and showed no significant reduction of side effects. ln 21 out of 23 clinical studies, decellularized templates were used, while in preclinical studies other biomaterials showed promising outcomes as well. No direct comparison to current clinical practice could be made due to the limited number of randomized controlled studies. CONCLUSIONS Due to a lack of controlled (pre)clinical studies, the efficacy of tissue engineering for urethra repair could not be determined. Meta-analysis outcome measures were similar to current treatment options described in literature. Surprisingly, it appeared that favorable preclinical results, that is inclusion of cells, were not translated to the clinic. Improved (pre)clinical study designs may enhance clinical translation. PATIENT SUMMARY We reviewed all available literature on urethral tissue engineering to assess the efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. We show that improvements to (pre)clinical study design is required to improve clinical translation of tissue engineering technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk R M Versteegden
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul K J D de Jonge
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna IntHout
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wout F J Feitz
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B M de Vries
- SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation), Department for Health Evidence (section HTA), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke F Daamen
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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