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Li X, Cui Y, He X, Mao L. Hydrogel-Based Systems in Neuro-Vascularized Bone Regeneration: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300484. [PMID: 38241425 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Blood vessels and nerve fibers are distributed throughout the skeletal tissue, which enhance the development and function of each other and have an irreplaceable role in bone formation and remodeling. Despite significant progress in bone tissue engineering, the inadequacy of nerve-vascular network reconstruction remains a major limitation. This is partly due to the difficulty of integrating and regulating multiple tissue types with artificial materials. Thus, understanding the anatomy and underlying coupling mechanisms of blood vessels and nerve fibers within bone to further develop neuro-vascularized bone implant biomaterials is an extremely critical aspect in the field of bone regeneration. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility, controllable mechanical characteristics, and osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, making them important candidates for research related to neuro-vascularized bone regeneration. This review reports the classification and physicochemical properties of hydrogels, with a focus on the application advantages and status of hydrogels for bone regeneration. The authors also highlight the effect of neurovascular coupling on bone repair and regeneration and the necessity of achieving neuro-vascularized bone regeneration. Finally, the recent progress and design strategies of hydrogel-based biomaterials for neuro-vascularized bone regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Ya Cui
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xiaoya He
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Lixia Mao
- Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200000, China
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2
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Han P, Raveendran N, Liu C, Basu S, Jiao K, Johnson N, Moran CS, Ivanovski S. 3D bioprinted small extracellular vesicles from periodontal cells enhance mesenchymal stromal cell function. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213770. [PMID: 38242057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent research indicates that combining 3D bioprinting and small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) offers a promising 'cell-free' regenerative medicine approach for various tissue engineering applications. Nonetheless, the majority of existing research has focused on bioprinting of sEVs sourced from cell lines. There remains a notable gap in research regarding the bioprinting of sEVs derived from primary human periodontal cells and their potential impact on ligamentous and osteogenic differentiation. Here, we investigated the effect of 3D bioprinted periodontal cell sEVs constructs on the differentiation potential of human buccal fat pad-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBFP-MSCs). Periodontal cell-derived sEVs were enriched by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with particle-shaped morphology, and characterized by being smaller than 200 nm in size and CD9/CD63/CD81 positive, from primary human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). The sEVs were then 3D bioprinted in 10 % gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) via microextrusion bioprinting. Release of sEVs from bioprinted constructs was determined by DiO-labelling and confocal imaging, and CD9 ELISA. Attachment and ligament/osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation of hBFP-MSCs was assessed on bioprinted GelMA, without and with sEVs (GelMA/hPDLCs-sEVs and GelMA/hGFs-sEVs), scaffolds. hBFP-MSCs seeded on the bioprinted sEVs constructs spread well with significantly enhanced focal adhesion, mechanotransduction associated gene expression, and ligament and osteogenesis/cementogenesis differentiation markers in GelMA/hPDLCs-sEVs, compared to GelMA/hGFs-sEVs and GelMA groups. A 2-week osteogenic and ligamentous differentiation showed enhanced ALP staining, calcium formation and toluidine blue stained cells in hBFP-MSCs on bioprinted GelMA/hPDLCs-sEVs constructs compared to the other two groups. The proof-of-concept data from this study supports the notion that 3D bioprinted GelMA/hPDLCs-sEVs scaffolds promote cell attachment, as well as ligamentous, osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation, of hBFP-MSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Han
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Nimal Raveendran
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Saraswat Basu
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Kexin Jiao
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Nigel Johnson
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Corey S Moran
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
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3
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Esmaeili A, Hosseini S, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Co-culture engineering: a promising strategy for production of engineered extracellular vesicle for osteoarthritis treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:29. [PMID: 38200606 PMCID: PMC10782541 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as a significant factor in intercellular communication in different disease treatments, including osteoarthritis (OA). Compared to the conventional approaches in treating OA, EV therapy is a non-invasive and cell-free method. However, improving the yield of EVs and their therapeutic effects are the main challenges for clinical applications. In this regard, researchers are using the EV engineering potential to overcome these challenges. New findings suggest that the co-culture strategy as an indirect EV engineering method efficiently increases EV production and quality. The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes has improved their chondrogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and regenerative properties which are mediated by EVs. Hence, co-culture engineering by considerable systems could be useful in producing engineered EVs for different therapeutic applications. Here, we review various co-culture approaches, including diverse direct and indirect, 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as static and dynamic systems. Meanwhile, we suggest and discuss the advantages of combined strategies to achieve engineered EVs for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Esmaeili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Tian J, Han Z, Song D, Peng Y, Xiong M, Chen Z, Duan S, Zhang L. Engineered Exosome for Drug Delivery: Recent Development and Clinical Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7923-7940. [PMID: 38152837 PMCID: PMC10752020 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s444582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles that transfer bioactive molecules between cells and modulate various biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions. By applying bioengineering technologies, exosomes can be modified to express specific markers or carry therapeutic cargo and emerge as novel platforms for the treatment of cancer, neurological, cardiovascular, immune, and infectious diseases. However, there are many challenges and uncertainties in the clinical translation of exosomes. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances and challenges in the translation of engineered exosomes, with a special focus on the methods and strategies for loading drugs into exosomes, the pros and cons of different loading methods, and the optimization of exosome production based on the drugs to be encapsulated. Moreover, we also summarize the current clinical applications and prospects of engineered exosomes, as well as the potential risks and limitations that need to be addressed in exosome engineering, including the standardization of exosome preparation and engineering protocols, the quality and quantity of exosomes, the control of drug release, and the immunogenicity and cytotoxicity of exosomes. Overall, engineered exosomes represent an exciting frontier in nanomedicine, but they still face challenges in large-scale production, the maintenance of storage stability, and clinical translation. With continuous advances in this field, exosome-based drug formulation could offer great promise for the targeted treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tian
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengpu Han
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Song
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xiong
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Women and Children Diseases, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention and Genetic Medicine of Shandong Health Commission, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Izumi K, Yortchan W, Aizawa Y, Kobayashi R, Hoshikawa E, Ling Y, Suzuki A. Recent trends and perspectives in reconstruction and regeneration of intra/extra-oral wounds using tissue-engineered oral mucosa equivalents. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:365-374. [PMID: 37954029 PMCID: PMC10632115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many conditions, including cancer, trauma, and congenital anomalies, can damage the oral mucosa. Multiple cultures of oral mucosal cells have been used for biocompatibility tests and oral biology studies. In recent decades, the clinical translation of tissue-engineered products has progressed significantly in developing tangible therapies and inspiring advancements in medical science. However, the reconstruction of an intraoral mucosa defect remains a significant challenge. Despite the drawbacks of donor-site morbidity and limited tissue supply, the use of autologous oral mucosa remains the gold standard for oral mucosa reconstruction and repair. Tissue engineering offers a promising solution for repairing and reconstructing oral mucosa tissues. Cell- and scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches have been employed to treat various soft tissue defects, suggesting the potential clinical use of tissue-engineered oral mucosa (TEOMs). In this review, we first cover the recent trends in the reconstruction and regeneration of extra-/intra-oral wounds using TEOMs. Next, we describe the current status and challenges of TEOMs. Finally, future strategic approaches and potential technologies to support the advancement of TEOMs for clinical use are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Witsanu Yortchan
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Yuka Aizawa
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Emi Hoshikawa
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ayako Suzuki
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
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Zhang J, Shi M, Wang J, Li F, Du C, Su G, Xie X, Li S. Novel Strategies for Angiogenesis in Tissue Injury: Therapeutic Effects of iPSCs-Derived Exosomes. Angiology 2023:33197231213192. [PMID: 37933764 DOI: 10.1177/00033197231213192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration after tissue injury is a dynamic and complex process, and angiogenesis is necessary for normal physiological activities and tissue repair. Induced pluripotent stem cells are a new approach in regenerative medicine, which provides good model for the study of difficult-to-obtain human tissues, patient-specific therapy, and tissue repair. As an innovative cell-free therapeutic strategy, the main advantages of the treatment of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived exosomes are low in tumorigenicity and immunogenicity, which become an important pathway for tissue injury. This review focuses on the mechanism of the angiogenic effect of iPSCs-derived exosomes on wound repair in tissue injury and their potential therapeutic targets, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the use of iPSCs-derived exosomes in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Maoning Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Gansu Province Medical Genetics Center, Gansu Provincial Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenxu Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shiweng Li
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China
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7
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Alqurashi H, Alsharief M, Perciato ML, Raven B, Ren K, Lambert DW. Message in a bubble: the translational potential of extracellular vesicles. J Physiol 2023; 601:4895-4905. [PMID: 37795936 PMCID: PMC10952456 DOI: 10.1113/jp282047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-enclosed vesicles released by cells into the extracellular milieu. They are found in all body fluids and contain a variety of functional cargo including DNA, RNA, proteins, glycoproteins and lipids, able to provoke phenotypic responses in cells, both locally and at distant sites. They are implicated in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes and hence have attracted considerable attention in recent years as potential therapeutic targets, drug delivery vehicles and biomarkers of disease. In this review we summarise the major functions of EVs in health and disease and discuss their translational potential, highlighting opportunities of - and challenges to - capitalising on our rapidly increasing understanding of EV biology for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Alqurashi
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- College of DentistryKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia
| | - M. Alsharief
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - M. L. Perciato
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - B. Raven
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Healthy Lifespan InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - K. Ren
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - D. W. Lambert
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Healthy Lifespan InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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8
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Verdoorn TA, Parry TJ, Pinna G, Lifshitz J. Neurosteroid Receptor Modulators for Treating Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1603-1615. [PMID: 37653253 PMCID: PMC10684848 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers wide-ranging pathology that impacts multiple biochemical and physiological systems, both inside and outside the brain. Functional recovery in patients is impeded by early onset brain edema, acute and chronic inflammation, delayed cell death, and neurovascular disruption. Drug treatments that target these deficits are under active development, but it seems likely that fully effective therapy may require interruption of the multiplicity of TBI-induced pathological processes either by a cocktail of drug treatments or a single pleiotropic drug. The complex and highly interconnected biochemical network embodied by the neurosteroid system offers multiple options for the research and development of pleiotropic drug treatments that may provide benefit for those who have suffered a TBI. This narrative review examines the neurosteroids and their signaling systems and proposes directions for their utility in the next stage of TBI drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Verdoorn
- NeuroTrauma Sciences, LLC, 2655 Northwinds Parkway, Alpharetta, GA 30009, USA.
| | - Tom J Parry
- NeuroTrauma Sciences, LLC, 2655 Northwinds Parkway, Alpharetta, GA 30009, USA
| | - Graziano Pinna
- Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 1601 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jonathan Lifshitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, 475 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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Zhang X, Zhao Q, Zhou N, Liu Y, Qin K, Buhl EM, Wang X, Hildebrand F, Balmayor ER, Greven J. Osteoblast derived extracellular vesicles induced by dexamethasone: A novel biomimetic tool for enhancing osteogenesis in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1160703. [PMID: 37020508 PMCID: PMC10069331 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1160703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly appreciated communicators involved in intercellular crosstalk, and have emerged as a promising biomimetic tool for bone tissue regeneration, overcoming many of the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. However, the significance of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles on osteogenesis has not been fully established. In this present study, we aim to investigate the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles secreted from consecutive 14 days of dexamethasone-stimulated osteoblasts (OB-EVDex) to act as a biomimetic tool for regulating osteogenesis, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. OB-EVdex treated groups are compared to the clinically used osteo-inductor of BMP-2 as control. Our findings revealed that OB-EVDex have a typical bilayer membrane nanostructure of, with an average diameter of 178 ± 21 nm, and that fluorescently labeled OB-EVDex were engulfed by osteoblasts in a time-dependent manner. The proliferation, attachment, and viability capacities of OB-EVDex-treated osteoblasts were significantly improved when compared to untreated cells, with the highest proliferative rate observed in the OB-EVDex + BMP-2 group. Notably, combinations of OB-EVDex and BMP-2 markedly promoted osteogenic differentiation by positively upregulating osteogenesis-related gene expression levels of RUNX2, BGLAP, SPP1, SPARC, Col 1A1, and ALPL relative to BMP-2 or OB-EVDex treatment alone. Mineralization assays also showed greater pro-osteogenic potency after combined applications of OB-EVDex and BMP-2, as evidenced by a notable increase in mineralized nodules (calcium deposition) revealed by Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin Red Alizarin Red staining (ARS), and von Kossa staining. Therefore, our findings shed light on the potential of OB-EVDex as a new therapeutic option for enhancing osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kang Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology and Medical Clinic II, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Xing Zhang, ; Qun Zhao, ; Xinhong Wang,
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Greven
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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10
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Ning C, Li P, Gao C, Fu L, Liao Z, Tian G, Yin H, Li M, Sui X, Yuan Z, Liu S, Guo Q. Recent advances in tendon tissue engineering strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1115312. [PMID: 36890920 PMCID: PMC9986339 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1115312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries often result in significant pain and disability and impose severe clinical and financial burdens on our society. Despite considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, effective treatments remain a challenge due to the limited natural healing capacity of tendons caused by poor cell density and vascularization. The development of tissue engineering has provided more promising results in regenerating tendon-like tissues with compositional, structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of native tendon tissues. Tissue engineering is the discipline of regenerative medicine that aims to restore the physiological functions of tissues by using a combination of cells and materials, as well as suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors. In this review, following a discussion of tendon structure, injury and healing, we aim to elucidate the current strategies (biomaterials, scaffold fabrication techniques, cells, biological adjuncts, mechanical loading and bioreactors, and the role of macrophage polarization in tendon regeneration), challenges and future directions in the field of tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ning
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pinxue Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhao Tian
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Yin
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muzhe Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ng WC, Lokanathan Y, Baki MM, Fauzi MB, Zainuddin AA, Azman M. Tissue Engineering as a Promising Treatment for Glottic Insufficiency: A Review on Biomolecules and Cell-Laden Hydrogel. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123082. [PMID: 36551838 PMCID: PMC9775346 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glottic insufficiency is widespread in the elderly population and occurs as a result of secondary damage or systemic disease. Tissue engineering is a viable treatment for glottic insufficiency since it aims to restore damaged nerve tissue and revitalize aging muscle. After injection into the biological system, injectable biomaterial delivers cost- and time-effectiveness while acting as a protective shield for cells and biomolecules. This article focuses on injectable biomaterials that transport cells and biomolecules in regenerated tissue, particularly adipose, muscle, and nerve tissue. We propose Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (IP-SCs), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and extracellular vesicle (EV) as potential cells and macromolecules to be included into biomaterials, with some particular testing to support them as a promising translational medicine for vocal fold regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chiew Ng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Marina Mat Baki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ani Amelia Zainuddin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mawaddah Azman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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12
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Hassan S, Shehzad A, Khan SA, Miran W, Khan S, Lee YS. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Circulating-Free DNA and Cell-Free RNA in Cancer Management. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082047. [PMID: 36009594 PMCID: PMC9405989 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over time, molecular biology and genomics techniques have been developed to speed up the early diagnosis and clinical management of cancer. These therapies are often most effective when administered to the subset of malignancies harboring the target identified by molecular testing. Important advances in applying molecular testing involve circulating-free DNA (cfDNA)- and cell-free RNA (cfRNA)-based liquid biopsies for the diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, and treatment of cancer. Both cfDNA and cfRNA are sensitive and specific biomarkers for cancer detection, which have been clinically proven through multiple randomized and prospective trials. These help in cancer management based on the noninvasive evaluation of size, quantity, and point mutations, as well as copy number alterations at the tumor site. Moreover, personalized detection of ctDNA helps in adjuvant therapeutics and predicts the chances of recurrence of cancer and resistance to cancer therapy. Despite the controversial diagnostic values of cfDNA and cfRNA, many clinical trials have been completed, and the Food and Drug Administration has approved many multigene assays to detect genetic alterations in the cfDNA of cancer patients. In this review, we underpin the recent advances in the physiological roles of cfDNA and cfRNA, as well as their roles in cancer detection by highlighting recent clinical trials and their roles as prognostic and predictive markers in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Miran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Young-Sup Lee
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (Y.-S.L.)
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13
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Scalable Production of Extracellular Vesicles and Its Therapeutic Values: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147986. [PMID: 35887332 PMCID: PMC9315612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute vesicles with lipid bilayer membranes. EVs are secreted by cells for intercellular communication. Recently, EVs have received much attention, as they are rich in biological components such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that play essential roles in tissue regeneration and disease modification. In addition, EVs can be developed as vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases, as the vesicle membrane has an abundance of antigenic determinants and virulent factors. EVs for therapeutic applications are typically collected from conditioned media of cultured cells. However, the number of EVs secreted by the cells is limited. Thus, it is critical to devise new strategies for the large-scale production of EVs. Here, we discussed the strategies utilized by researchers for the scalable production of EVs. Techniques such as bioreactors, mechanical stimulation, electrical stimulation, thermal stimulation, magnetic field stimulation, topographic clue, hypoxia, serum deprivation, pH modification, exposure to small molecules, exposure to nanoparticles, increasing the intracellular calcium concentration, and genetic modification have been used to improve the secretion of EVs by cultured cells. In addition, nitrogen cavitation, porous membrane extrusion, and sonication have been utilized to prepare EV-mimetic nanovesicles that share many characteristics with naturally secreted EVs. Apart from inducing EV production, these upscaling interventions have also been reported to modify the EVs’ cargo and thus their functionality and therapeutic potential. In summary, it is imperative to identify a reliable upscaling technique that can produce large quantities of EVs consistently. Ideally, the produced EVs should also possess cargo with improved therapeutic potential.
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14
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Vafaei S, Mansoori M, hashemi F, Basiri M. Exosome Odyssey to Original Line in Dental Regeneration. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:271-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Sun J, Yin Z, Wang X, Su J. Exosome-Laden Hydrogels: A Novel Cell-free Strategy for In-situ Bone Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:866208. [PMID: 35433664 PMCID: PMC9011111 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.866208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In-situ bone tissue regeneration, which harnesses cell external microenvironment and their regenerative potential to induce cell functions and bone reconstruction through some special properties of biomaterials, has been deeply developed. In which, hydrogel was widely applied due to its 3D network structure with high water absorption and mimicking native extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, exosomes can participate in a variety of physiological processes such as cell differentiation, angiogenesis and tissue repair. Therefore, a novel cell-free tissue engineering (TE) using exosome-laden hydrogels has been explored and developed for bone regeneration in recent years. However, related reviews in this field are limited. Therefore, we elaborated on the shortcomings of traditional bone tissue engineering, the challenges of exosome delivery and emphasized the advantages of exosome-laden hydrogels for in-situ bone tissue regeneration. The encapsulation strategies of hydrogel and exosomes are listed, and the research progress and prospects of bioactive hydrogel composite system for continuous delivery of exosomes for in-situ bone repair are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuhui Wang, ; Jiacan Su,
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuhui Wang, ; Jiacan Su,
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16
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Yin B, Ni J, Witherel CE, Yang M, Burdick JA, Wen C, Wong SHD. Harnessing Tissue-derived Extracellular Vesicles for Osteoarthritis Theranostics. Theranostics 2022; 12:207-231. [PMID: 34987642 PMCID: PMC8690930 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic whole-joint disease characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation, degeneration of joint-related tissues such as articular cartilage, and alteration of bone structures that can eventually lead to disability. Emerging evidence has indicated that synovium or articular cartilage-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to OA pathogenesis and physiology, including transporting and enhancing the production of inflammatory mediators and cartilage degrading proteinases. Bioactive components of EVs are known to play a role in OA include microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and proteins. Thus, OA tissues-derived EVs can be used in combination with advanced nanomaterial-based biosensors for the diagnostic assessment of OA progression. Alternatively, mesenchymal stem cell- or platelet-rich plasma-derived EVs (MSC-EVs or PRP-EVs) have high therapeutic value for treating OA, such as suppressing the inflammatory immune microenvironment, which is often enriched by pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines that reduce chondrocytes apoptosis. Moreover, those EVs can be modified or incorporated into biomaterials for enhanced targeting and prolonged retention to treat OA effectively. In this review, we explore recently reported OA-related pathological biomarkers from OA joint tissue-derived EVs and discuss the possibility of current biosensors for detecting EVs and EV-related OA biomarkers. We summarize the applications of MSC-EVs and PRP-EVs and discuss their limitations for cartilage regeneration and alleviating OA symptoms. Additionally, we identify advanced therapeutic strategies, including engineered EVs and applying biomaterials to increase the efficacy of EV-based OA therapies. Finally, we provide our perspective on the future of EV-related diagnosis and therapeutic potential for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Junguo Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | | | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 16802, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Jason A. Burdick: . Chunyi Wen: . Siu Hong Dexter Wong:
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,Research Institute of Smart Ageing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Jason A. Burdick: . Chunyi Wen: . Siu Hong Dexter Wong:
| | - Siu Hong Dexter Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Jason A. Burdick: . Chunyi Wen: . Siu Hong Dexter Wong:
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17
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Yoo SH, Kim HW, Lee JH. Restoration of olfactory dysfunctions by nanomaterials and stem cells-based therapies: Current status and future perspectives. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221083414. [PMID: 35340424 PMCID: PMC8949739 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221083414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in the olfactory system of a person can have adverse effects on their health and quality of life. It can even increase mortality among individuals. Olfactory dysfunction is related to many factors, including post-viral upper respiratory infection, head trauma, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although some clinical therapies such as steroids and olfactory training are already available, their effectiveness is limited and controversial. Recent research in the field of therapeutic nanoparticles and stem cells has shown the regeneration of dysfunctional olfactory systems. Thus, we are motivated to highlight these regenerative approaches. For this, we first introduce the anatomical characteristics of the olfactory pathway, then detail various pathological factors related to olfactory dysfunctions and current treatments, and then finally discuss the recent regenerative endeavors, with particular focus on nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems and stem cells. This review offers insights into the development of future therapeutic approaches to restore and regenerate dysfunctional olfactory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hyuk Yoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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