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Firipis K, Nisbet DR, Franks SJ, Kapsa RMI, Pirogova E, Williams RJ, Quigley A. Enhancing Peptide Biomaterials for Biofabrication. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162590. [PMID: 34451130 PMCID: PMC8400132 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofabrication using well-matched cell/materials systems provides unprecedented opportunities for dealing with human health issues where disease or injury overtake the body’s native regenerative abilities. Such opportunities can be enhanced through the development of biomaterials with cues that appropriately influence embedded cells into forming functional tissues and organs. In this context, biomaterials’ reliance on rigid biofabrication techniques needs to support the incorporation of a hierarchical mimicry of local and bulk biological cues that mimic the key functional components of native extracellular matrix. Advances in synthetic self-assembling peptide biomaterials promise to produce reproducible mimics of tissue-specific structures and may go some way in overcoming batch inconsistency issues of naturally sourced materials. Recent work in this area has demonstrated biofabrication with self-assembling peptide biomaterials with unique biofabrication technologies to support structural fidelity upon 3D patterning. The use of synthetic self-assembling peptide biomaterials is a growing field that has demonstrated applicability in dermal, intestinal, muscle, cancer and stem cell tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Firipis
- Biofab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (K.F.); (R.M.I.K.); (E.P.)
- Biomedical and Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - David R. Nisbet
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (D.R.N.); (S.J.F.)
- The Graeme Clark Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Services, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stephanie J. Franks
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (D.R.N.); (S.J.F.)
| | - Robert M. I. Kapsa
- Biofab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (K.F.); (R.M.I.K.); (E.P.)
- Biomedical and Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne University, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3064, Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- Biofab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (K.F.); (R.M.I.K.); (E.P.)
- Biomedical and Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Richard J. Williams
- Biofab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (K.F.); (R.M.I.K.); (E.P.)
- Institute of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.J.W.); (A.Q.)
| | - Anita Quigley
- Biofab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; (K.F.); (R.M.I.K.); (E.P.)
- Biomedical and Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne University, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3064, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.J.W.); (A.Q.)
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A review of three-dimensional printing for pharmaceutical applications: Quality control, risk assessment and future perspectives. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Montero J, Becerro A, Pardal-Peláez B, Quispe-López N, Blanco JF, Gómez-Polo C. Main 3D Manufacturing Techniques for Customized Bone Substitutes. A Systematic Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102524. [PMID: 34066290 PMCID: PMC8152095 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinicians should be aware of the main methods and materials to face the challenge of bone shortage by manufacturing customized grafts, in order to repair defects. This study aims to carry out a bibliographic review of the existing methods to manufacture customized bone scaffolds through 3D technology and to identify their current situation based on the published papers. A literature search was carried out using "3D scaffold", "bone regeneration", "robocasting" and "3D printing" as descriptors. This search strategy was performed on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Cochrane Library, but also by hand search in relevant journals and throughout the selected papers. All the papers focusing on techniques for manufacturing customized bone scaffolds were reviewed. The 62 articles identified described 14 techniques (4 subtraction + 10 addition techniques). Scaffold fabrication techniques can be also be classified according to the time at which they are developed, into Conventional techniques and Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques. The conventional techniques are unable to control the architecture of the pore and the pore interconnection. However, current Solid Freeform Fabrication techniques allow individualizing and generating complex geometries of porosity. To conclude, currently SLA (Stereolithography), Robocasting and FDM (Fused deposition modeling) are promising options in customized bone regeneration.
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A hyperelastic model for simulating cells in flow. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 20:509-520. [PMID: 33219464 PMCID: PMC7979664 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the emerging field of 3D bioprinting, cell damage due to large deformations is considered a main cause for cell death and loss of functionality inside the printed construct. Those deformations, in turn, strongly depend on the mechano-elastic response of the cell to the hydrodynamic stresses experienced during printing. In this work, we present a numerical model to simulate the deformation of biological cells in arbitrary three-dimensional flows. We consider cells as an elastic continuum according to the hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. We then employ force calculations on a tetrahedralized volume mesh. To calibrate our model, we perform a series of FluidFM[Formula: see text] compression experiments with REF52 cells demonstrating that all three parameters of the Mooney-Rivlin model are required for a good description of the experimental data at very large deformations up to 80%. In addition, we validate the model by comparing to previous AFM experiments on bovine endothelial cells and artificial hydrogel particles. To investigate cell deformation in flow, we incorporate our model into Lattice Boltzmann simulations via an Immersed-Boundary algorithm. In linear shear flows, our model shows excellent agreement with analytical calculations and previous simulation data.
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Mastrorocco A, Cacopardo L, Martino NA, Fanelli D, Camillo F, Ciani E, Roelen BAJ, Ahluwalia A, Dell’Aquila ME. One-step automated bioprinting-based method for cumulus-oocyte complex microencapsulation for 3D in vitro maturation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238812. [PMID: 32915922 PMCID: PMC7485809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional in vitro maturation (3D IVM) is a promising approach to improve IVM efficiency as it could prevent cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) flattening and preserve its structural and functional integrity. Methods reported to date have low reproducibility and validation studies are limited. In this study, a bioprinting based production process for generating microbeads containing a COC (COC-microbeads) was optimized and its validity tested in a large animal model (sheep). Alginate microbeads were produced and characterized for size, shape and stability under culture conditions. COC encapsulation had high efficiency and reproducibility and cumulus integrity was preserved. COC-microbeads underwent IVM, with COCs cultured in standard 2D IVM as controls. After IVM, oocytes were analyzed for nuclear chromatin configuration, bioenergetic/oxidative status and transcriptional activity of genes biomarker of mitochondrial activity (TFAM, ATP6, ATP8) and oocyte developmental competence (KHDC3, NLRP5, OOEP and TLE6). The 3D system supported oocyte nuclear maturation more efficiently than the 2D control (P<0.05). Ooplasmic mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability were increased (P<0.05). Up-regulation of TFAM, ATP6 and ATP8 and down-regulation of KHDC3, NLRP5 expression were observed in 3D IVM. In conclusion, the new bioprinting method for producing COC-microbeads has high reproducibility and efficiency. Moreover, 3D IVM improves oocyte nuclear maturation and relevant parameters of oocyte cytoplasmic maturation and could be used for clinical and toxicological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Mastrorocco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Nicola Antonio Martino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Diana Fanelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Elena Ciani
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernard A. J. Roelen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Embryology, Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Centre E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Dell’Aquila
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Aita IE, Breitkreutz J, Quodbach J. Investigation of semi-solid formulations for 3D printing of drugs after prolonged storage to mimic real-life applications. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 146:105266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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El Aita I, Ponsar H, Quodbach J. A Critical Review on 3D-printed Dosage Forms. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:4957-4978. [PMID: 30520369 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666181206124206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades, 3D-printing has been investigated and used intensively in the field of tissue engineering, automotive and aerospace. With the first FDA approved printed medicinal product in 2015, the research on 3D-printing for pharmaceutical application has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical scientists. Due to its potential of fabricating complex structures and geometrics, it is a highly promising technology for manufacturing individualized dosage forms. In addition, it enables the fabrication of dosage forms with tailored drug release profiles. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review article is to give a comprehensive overview of the used 3D-printing techniques for pharmaceutical applications, including information about the required material, advantages and disadvantages of the respective technique. METHODS For the literature research, relevant keywords were identified and the literature was then thoroughly researched. CONCLUSION The current status of 3D-printing as a manufacturing process for pharmaceutical dosage forms was highlighted in this review article. Moreover, this article presents a critical evaluation of 3D-printing to control the dose and drug release of printed dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias El Aita
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hanna Ponsar
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.,INVITE GmbH, Drug Delivery Innovation Center (DDIC), Chempark Building W 32, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Julian Quodbach
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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Pharmaceutical applications of 3D printing technology: current understanding and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-018-00414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ede D, Davidoff N, Blitch A, Farhang N, Bowles RD. Microfluidic Flow Cell Array for Controlled Cell Deposition in Engineered Musculoskeletal Tissues. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:546-556. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Ede
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Alejandro Blitch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Niloofar Farhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Robby D. Bowles
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Moroni L, Boland T, Burdick JA, De Maria C, Derby B, Forgacs G, Groll J, Li Q, Malda J, Mironov VA, Mota C, Nakamura M, Shu W, Takeuchi S, Woodfield TB, Xu T, Yoo JJ, Vozzi G. Biofabrication: A Guide to Technology and Terminology. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:384-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang LL, Highley CB, Yeh YC, Galarraga JH, Uman S, Burdick JA. Three-dimensional extrusion bioprinting of single- and double-network hydrogels containing dynamic covalent crosslinks. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:865-875. [PMID: 29314616 PMCID: PMC5826872 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is indispensable to tissue engineering and 3D printing is emerging as an important approach towards this. Hydrogels are often used as inks in extrusion-based 3D printing, including with encapsulated cells; however, numerous challenging requirements exist, including appropriate viscosity, the ability to stabilize after extrusion, and cytocompatibility. Here, we present a shear-thinning and self-healing hydrogel crosslinked through dynamic covalent chemistry for 3D bioprinting. Specifically, hyaluronic acid was modified with either hydrazide or aldehyde groups and mixed to form hydrogels containing a dynamic hydrazone bond. Due to their shear-thinning and self-healing properties, the hydrogels could be extruded for 3D printing of structures with high shape fidelity, stability to relaxation, and cytocompatibility with encapsulated fibroblasts (>80% viability). Forces for extrusion and filament sizes were dependent on parameters such as material concentration and needle gauge. To increase scaffold functionality, a second photocrosslinkable interpenetrating network was included that was used for orthogonal photostiffening and photopatterning through a thiol-ene reaction. Photostiffening increased the scaffold's modulus (∼300%) while significantly decreasing erosion (∼70%), whereas photopatterning allowed for spatial modification of scaffolds with dyes. Overall, this work introduces a simple approach to both fabricate and modify 3D printed scaffolds. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 865-875, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo L. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Selen Uman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Lee HJ, Koo YW, Yeo M, Kim SH, Kim GH. Recent cell printing systems for tissue engineering. Int J Bioprint 2017; 3:004. [PMID: 33094179 PMCID: PMC7575629 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing in tissue engineering has been studied for the bio mimicry of the structures of human tissues and organs. Now, it is being applied to 3D cell printing, which can position cells and biomaterials, such as growth factors, at desired positions in the 3D space. However, there are some challenges of 3D cell printing, such as cell damage during the printing process and the inability to produce a porous 3D shape owing to the embedding of cells in the hydrogel-based printing ink, which should be biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic, etc. Therefore, researchers have been studying ways to balance or enhance the post-print cell viability and the print-ability of 3D cell printing technologies by accommodating several mechanical, electrical, and chemical based systems. In this mini-review, several common 3D cell printing methods and their modified applications are introduced for overcoming deficiencies of the cell printing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-jin Lee
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Young Won Koo
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Miji Yeo
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Su Hon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, VA 24061, USA
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea
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Wu C, Wang B, Zhang C, Wysk RA, Chen YW. Bioprinting: an assessment based on manufacturing readiness levels. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:333-354. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2016.1163321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Wu
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ben Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chuck Zhang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard A. Wysk
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Carrabba M, De Maria C, Oikawa A, Reni C, Rodriguez-Arabaolaza I, Spencer H, Slater S, Avolio E, Dang Z, Spinetti G, Madeddu P, Vozzi G. Design, fabrication and perivascular implantation of bioactive scaffolds engineered with human adventitial progenitor cells for stimulation of arteriogenesis in peripheral ischemia. Biofabrication 2016; 8:015020. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/1/015020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Campbell J, McGuinness I, Wirz H, Sharon A, Sauer-Budge AF. Multimaterial and Multiscale Three-Dimensional Bioprinter. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting system capable of multimaterial and multiscale deposition to enable the next generation of “bottom-up” tissue engineering. This area of research resides at the interface of engineering and life sciences. As such, it entails the design and implementation of diverse elements: a novel hydrogel-based bioink, a 3D bioprinter, automation software, and mammalian cell culture. Our bioprinter has three components uniquely combined into a comprehensive tool: syringe pumps connected to a selector valve that allow precise application of up to five different materials with varying viscosities and chemistries, a high velocity/high-precision x–y–z stage to accommodate the most rapid speeds allowable by the printed materials, and temperature control of the bioink reservoirs, lines, and printing environment. Our custom-designed bioprinter is able to print multiple materials (or multiple cell types in the same material) concurrently with various feature sizes (100 μm–1 mm wide; 100 μm–1 cm high). One of these materials is a biocompatible, printable bioink that has been used to test for cell survival within the hydrogel following printing. Hand-printed (HP) controls show that our bioprinter does not adversely affect the viability of the printed cells. Here, we report the design and build of the 3D bioprinter, the optimization of the bioink, and the stability and viability of our printed constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Campbell
- Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Fraunhofer USA, Brookline, MA 02446 e-mail:
| | - Ian McGuinness
- Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Fraunhofer USA, Brookline, MA 02446 e-mail:
| | - Holger Wirz
- Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Fraunhofer USA, Brookline, MA 02446 e-mail:
| | - Andre Sharon
- Mem. ASME Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Fraunhofer USA, Brookline, MA 02446
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 e-mail:
| | - Alexis F. Sauer-Budge
- Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Fraunhofer USA, Brookline, MA 02446
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 e-mail:
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Thavornyutikarn B, Chantarapanich N, Sitthiseripratip K, Thouas GA, Chen Q. Bone tissue engineering scaffolding: computer-aided scaffolding techniques. Prog Biomater 2014; 3:61-102. [PMID: 26798575 PMCID: PMC4709372 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-014-0026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is essentially a technique for imitating nature. Natural tissues consist of three components: cells, signalling systems (e.g. growth factors) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM forms a scaffold for its cells. Hence, the engineered tissue construct is an artificial scaffold populated with living cells and signalling molecules. A huge effort has been invested in bone tissue engineering, in which a highly porous scaffold plays a critical role in guiding bone and vascular tissue growth and regeneration in three dimensions. In the last two decades, numerous scaffolding techniques have been developed to fabricate highly interconnective, porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. This review provides an update on the progress of foaming technology of biomaterials, with a special attention being focused on computer-aided manufacturing (Andrade et al. 2002) techniques. This article starts with a brief introduction of tissue engineering (Bone tissue engineering and scaffolds) and scaffolding materials (Biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering). After a brief reviews on conventional scaffolding techniques (Conventional scaffolding techniques), a number of CAM techniques are reviewed in great detail. For each technique, the structure and mechanical integrity of fabricated scaffolds are discussed in detail. Finally, the advantaged and disadvantage of these techniques are compared (Comparison of scaffolding techniques) and summarised (Summary).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nattapon Chantarapanich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Si Racha, Kasetsart University, 199 Sukhumvit Road, Si Racha, Chonburi 20230 Thailand
| | - Kriskrai Sitthiseripratip
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - George A. Thouas
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Qizhi Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
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Tirella A, Magliaro C, Penta M, Troncone M, Pimentel R, Ahluwalia A. Sphyga: a multiparameter open source tool for fabricating smart and tunable hydrogel microbeads. Biofabrication 2014; 6:025009. [PMID: 24694569 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/6/2/025009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel microbeads are used in many biological applications, particularly for cell, protein or drug encapsulation. Although there are several methods for fabricating microbeads with controlled shapes and dimensions, many are limited to a small range of materials or sizes. We describe a compact open source tool-the spherical hydrogel generator (Sphyga)-for the fabrication of highly reproducible hydrogel based microbeads with predictable shapes and diameters ranging from 100 to 2000 µm. The unique feature of the system is the ability to modulate multiple parameters independently, so as to create a wide range of working conditions for fabricating tailored microbeads. Hence, by combining the different fabrication parameters, hydrogel beads with chosen shapes, sizes and materials can be generated with Sphyga. A multiparameter working-window was obtained by fixing the concentration of the base material, alginate, and varying the viscosity of the solution along with Sphyga's fabrication parameters (needle size, external air pressure, and material outflow). To validate the multiparameter working window, components such as proteins, cells, dyes and nanoparticles were also used to fabricate composite microbeads. The results show that the architecture of hydrogel microbeads can be engineered by considering the viscosity of the initial solution, which depends principally on the pH and composition of alginate solution. Coupled with Sphyga's multiple working parameters, material viscosity can then be used to tune hydrogel domains and thereby generate complex biologically relevant microenvironments for many biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tirella
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124, Italy. Research Center 'E Piaggio', University of Pisa, Research Center '"E. Piaggio'", Largo Lazzarino 1, I-56122, Italy
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Wang X, He K, Zhang W. Optimizing the fabrication processes for manufacturing a hybrid hierarchical polyurethane–cell/hydrogel construct. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911513491359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is essential to control the overall composition and internal architecture for complex organ manufacturing. In this study, several subprocesses were optimized to produce hybrid hierarchical polyurethane–cell/hydrogel constructs with an intrinsic network of grid and branched channels using a double-nozzle low-temperature deposition rapid prototyping system. The formation quality was mainly determined by the polymer concentration and composition. However, the cell viability was mainly determined by the formation time. Cell sensitivities to the inner nozzle diameter and extrusion flux were not significantly different within the given parameter ranges. The integrity of the two material systems can be varied by the formation routes and layer thickness. Under the optimal fabrication parameters, such as formation time within 20 min and gelatin:alginate:fibrinogen ratio of 2:1:1, a high cell survival rate of 80% was attained. The design and fabrication strategies used to create such a complex heterogeneous objects directly from a computer-aided design model represent a promising route for robotic hybrid hierarchical construct implementations, which would allow easy expansion of the subprocessing capabilities and scale up manufacturing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Business Innovation Technology (BIT) Research Centre, School of Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Kai He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Mota C, Puppi D, Chiellini F, Chiellini E. Additive manufacturing techniques for the production of tissue engineering constructs. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 9:174-90. [PMID: 23172792 DOI: 10.1002/term.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
'Additive manufacturing' (AM) refers to a class of manufacturing processes based on the building of a solid object from three-dimensional (3D) model data by joining materials, usually layer upon layer. Among the vast array of techniques developed for the production of tissue-engineering (TE) scaffolds, AM techniques are gaining great interest for their suitability in achieving complex shapes and microstructures with a high degree of automation, good accuracy and reproducibility. In addition, the possibility of rapidly producing tissue-engineered constructs meeting patient's specific requirements, in terms of tissue defect size and geometry as well as autologous biological features, makes them a powerful way of enhancing clinical routine procedures. This paper gives an extensive overview of different AM techniques classes (i.e. stereolithography, selective laser sintering, 3D printing, melt-extrusion-based techniques, solution/slurry extrusion-based techniques, and tissue and organ printing) employed for the development of tissue-engineered constructs made of different materials (i.e. polymeric, ceramic and composite, alone or in combination with bioactive agents), by highlighting their principles and technological solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mota
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), UdR-INSTM, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, (Pi), Italy
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Melchels FP, Domingos MA, Klein TJ, Malda J, Bartolo PJ, Hutmacher DW. Additive manufacturing of tissues and organs. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 833] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li M, Tian X, Schreyer DJ, Chen X. Effect of needle geometry on flow rate and cell damage in the dispensing-based biofabrication process. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 27:1777-84. [PMID: 22238771 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Biodispensing techniques have been widely applied in biofabrication processes to deliver cell suspensions and biomaterials to create cell-seeded constructs. Under identical operating conditions,two types of dispensing needles—tapered and cylindrical—can result in different flow rates of material and different cell damage percent induced by the mechanical forces. In this work, mathematical models of both flow rate and cell damage percent in biodispensing systems using tapered and cylindrical needles, respectively, were developed, and experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the developed models. Both simulations and experiments show tapered needles produce much higher flow rates under the same pressure conditions than cylindrical needles. Use of a lower pressure in a tapered needle can therefore achieve the same flow rate as that in a cylindrical needle. At equivalent flow rates, cell damage in a tapered needle is lower than that in a cylindrical one. Both Schwann cells and 3T3 fibroblasts, which have been widely used in tissue engineering, were used to validate the cell damage models. Application of the developed models to specify the influence of process parameters, including needle geometry and air pressure, on the flow rate and cell damage percent represents a significant advance for biofabrication processes.The models can be used to optimize process parameters to preserve cell viability and achieve the desired cell distribution in dispensing-based biofabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggan Li
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Substrate stiffness influences high resolution printing of living cells with an ink-jet system. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 112:79-85. [PMID: 21497548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The adaptation of inkjet printing technology for the realisation of controlled micro- and nano-scaled biological structures is of great potential in tissue and biomaterial engineering. In this paper we present the Olivetti BioJet system and its applications in tissue engineering and cell printing. BioJet, which employs a thermal inkjet cartridge, was used to print biomolecules and living cells. It is well known that high stresses and forces are developed during the inkjet printing process. When printing living particles (i.e., cell suspensions) the mechanical loading profile can dramatically damage the processed cells. Therefore computational models were developed to predict the velocity profile and the mechanical load acting on a droplet during the printing process. The model was used to investigate the role of the stiffness of the deposition substrate during droplet impact and compared with experimental investigations on cell viability after printing on different materials. The computational model and the experimental results confirm that impact forces are highly dependent on the deposition substrate and that soft and viscous surfaces can reduce the forces acting on the droplet, preventing cell damage. These results have high relevance for cell bioprinting; substrates should be designed to have a good compromise between substrate stiffness to conserve spatial patterning without droplet coalescence but soft enough to absorb the kinetic energy of droplets in order to maintain cell viability.
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