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Beltrán SM, Bobo J, Habib A, Kodavali CV, Edwards L, Mamindla P, Taylor RE, LeDuc PR, Zinn PO. Characterization of neural mechanotransduction response in human traumatic brain injury organoid model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13536. [PMID: 37598247 PMCID: PMC10439953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to model physiological systems through 3D neural in-vitro systems may enable new treatments for various diseases while lowering the need for challenging animal and human testing. Creating such an environment, and even more impactful, one that mimics human brain tissue under mechanical stimulation, would be extremely useful to study a range of human-specific biological processes and conditions related to brain trauma. One approach is to use human cerebral organoids (hCOs) in-vitro models. hCOs recreate key cytoarchitectural features of the human brain, distinguishing themselves from more traditional 2D cultures and organ-on-a-chip models, as well as in-vivo animal models. Here, we propose a novel approach to emulate mild and moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) using hCOs that undergo strain rates indicative of TBI. We subjected the hCOs to mild (2 s[Formula: see text]) and moderate (14 s[Formula: see text]) loading conditions, examined the mechanotransduction response, and investigated downstream genomic effects and regulatory pathways. The revealed pathways of note were cell death and metabolic and biosynthetic pathways implicating genes such as CARD9, ENO1, and FOXP3, respectively. Additionally, we show a steeper ascent in calcium signaling as we imposed higher loading conditions on the organoids. The elucidation of neural response to mechanical stimulation in reliable human cerebral organoid models gives insights into a better understanding of TBI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Beltrán
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Justin Bobo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed Habib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Chowdari V Kodavali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Lincoln Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Mamindla
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca E Taylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Philip R LeDuc
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.
| | - Pascal O Zinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA.
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Jiang Y, Trotsyuk AA, Niu S, Henn D, Chen K, Shih CC, Larson MR, Mermin-Bunnell AM, Mittal S, Lai JC, Saberi A, Beard E, Jing S, Zhong D, Steele SR, Sun K, Jain T, Zhao E, Neimeth CR, Viana WG, Tang J, Sivaraj D, Padmanabhan J, Rodrigues M, Perrault DP, Chattopadhyay A, Maan ZN, Leeolou MC, Bonham CA, Kwon SH, Kussie HC, Fischer KS, Gurusankar G, Liang K, Zhang K, Nag R, Snyder MP, Januszyk M, Gurtner GC, Bao Z. Wireless, closed-loop, smart bandage with integrated sensors and stimulators for advanced wound care and accelerated healing. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:652-662. [PMID: 36424488 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
'Smart' bandages based on multimodal wearable devices could enable real-time physiological monitoring and active intervention to promote healing of chronic wounds. However, there has been limited development in incorporation of both sensors and stimulators for the current smart bandage technologies. Additionally, while adhesive electrodes are essential for robust signal transduction, detachment of existing adhesive dressings can lead to secondary damage to delicate wound tissues without switchable adhesion. Here we overcome these issues by developing a flexible bioelectronic system consisting of wirelessly powered, closed-loop sensing and stimulation circuits with skin-interfacing hydrogel electrodes capable of on-demand adhesion and detachment. In mice, we demonstrate that our wound care system can continuously monitor skin impedance and temperature and deliver electrical stimulation in response to the wound environment. Across preclinical wound models, the treatment group healed ~25% more rapidly and with ~50% enhancement in dermal remodeling compared with control. Further, we observed activation of proregenerative genes in monocyte and macrophage cell populations, which may enhance tissue regeneration, neovascularization and dermal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Artem A Trotsyuk
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Simiao Niu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dominic Henn
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kellen Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chien-Chung Shih
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Madelyn R Larson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alana M Mermin-Bunnell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Smiti Mittal
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Cheng Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aref Saberi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ethan Beard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Serena Jing
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Donglai Zhong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sydney R Steele
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kefan Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tanish Jain
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher R Neimeth
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Willian G Viana
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dharshan Sivaraj
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jagannath Padmanabhan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Melanie Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David P Perrault
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arhana Chattopadhyay
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zeshaan N Maan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Melissa C Leeolou
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Clark A Bonham
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sun Hyung Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hudson C Kussie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Katharina S Fischer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Kui Liang
- BOE Technology Center, BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Kailiang Zhang
- BOE Technology Center, BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Ronjon Nag
- Stanford Distinguished Careers Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael Januszyk
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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desJardins-Park HE, Gurtner GC, Wan DC, Longaker MT. From Chronic Wounds to Scarring: The Growing Health Care Burden of Under- and Over-Healing Wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:496-510. [PMID: 34521257 PMCID: PMC9634983 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound healing is the largest medical market without an existing small molecule/drug treatment. Both "under-healing" (chronic wounds) and "over-healing" (scarring) cause a substantial biomedical burden and lifelong consequences for patients. These problems cost tens of billions of dollars per year in the United States alone, a number expected to grow as the population ages and the prevalence of common comorbidities (e.g., diabetes) rises. However, no therapies currently exist to produce the "ideal" healing outcome: efficient wound repair through regeneration of normal tissue. Recent Advances: Ongoing research continues to illuminate possible therapeutic avenues for wound healing. By identifying underlying mechanisms of wound repair-for instance, tissue mechanics' role in fibrosis or cell populations that modulate wound healing and scarring-novel molecular targets may be defined. This Advances in Wound Care Forum issue includes reviews of scientific literature and original research from the Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Stanford and its alumni, including developing approaches for encouraging wound healing, minimizing fibrosis, and coaxing regeneration. Critical Issues: Wound healing problems reflect an enormous and rapidly expanding clinical burden. The issues of both under- and over-healing wound outcomes will continue to expand as their underlying causes (e.g., diabetes) grow. Targeted treatments are needed to enable wound repair with functional tissue restoration and decreased scarring. Future Directions: Basic scientists will continue to refine understanding of factors driving undesirable wound outcomes. These discoveries are beginning to be translated and, in the coming years, will hopefully form the foundation for antiscarring drugs and other wound therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E. desJardins-Park
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey C. Gurtner
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Stanford, California, USA
| | - Derrick C. Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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