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Critselis E, Panaretos D, Sánchez-Niubò A, Giné-Vázquez I, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Caballero FF, de la Fuente J, Haro JM, Panagiotakos D. Ageing trajectories of health-longitudinal opportunities and synergies (ATHLOS) Healthy Ageing Scale in adults from 16 international cohorts representing 38 countries worldwide. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:1043-1049. [PMID: 32801117 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uniform international measurement tools for assessing healthy ageing are currently lacking. OBJECTIVES The study assessed the novel comprehensive global Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) Healthy Ageing Scale, using an Item Response Theory approach, for evaluating healthy ageing across populations. DESIGN Pooled analysis of 16 international longitudinal studies. SETTING 38 countries in five continents. SUBJECTS International cohort (n=355 314), including 44.4% (n=153 597) males, aged (mean±SD) 61.7±11.5 years old. METHODS The ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale (including 41 items related to intrinsic capacity and functional ability) was evaluated in a pooled international cohort (n=355 314 from 16 studies) according to gender, country of residence and age group. It was also assessed in a subset of eight cohorts with ≥3 waves of follow-up assessment. The independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney test were applied for comparing normally and skewed continuous variables between groups, respectively. RESULTS The ATHLOS Scale (range: 12.49-68.84) had a mean (±SD) value of 50.2±10.0, with males and individuals >65 years old exhibiting higher and lower mean scores, respectively. Highest mean scores were detected in Switzerland, Japan and Denmark, while lowest in Ghana, India and Russia. When the ATHLOS Scale was evaluated in a subset of cohorts with ≥3 study waves, mean scores were significantly higher than those of the baseline cohort (mean scores in ≥3 study waves vs baseline: 51.6±9.4 vs 50.2±10.0; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The ATHLOS Healthy Ageing Scale may be adequately applied for assessing healthy ageing across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Critselis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Proteomics Facility, Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Panaretos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Albert Sánchez-Niubò
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Deu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain.,Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan De Deu, Sant Boi De Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma De Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Felix Caballero
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/Idipaz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier de la Fuente
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma De Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece .,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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Aging-Induced Biological Changes and Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7156435. [PMID: 29984246 PMCID: PMC6015721 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7156435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by functional decline in homeostatic regulation and vital cellular events. This process can be linked with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this review, we discussed aging-induced biological alterations that are associated with CVDs through the following aspects: (i) structural, biochemical, and functional modifications; (ii) autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation; (iii) epigenetic alterations; and (iv) atherosclerosis and stroke development. Aging-mediated structural and biochemical modifications coupled with gradual loss of ANS regulation, vascular stiffening, and deposition of collagen and calcium often disrupt cardiovascular system homeostasis. The structural and biochemical adjustments have been consistently implicated in the progressive increase in mechanical burden and functional breakdown of the heart and vessels. In addition, cardiomyocyte loss in this process often reduces adaptive capacity and cardiovascular function. The accumulation of epigenetic changes also plays important roles in the development of CVDs. In summary, the understanding of the aging-mediated changes remains promising towards effective diagnosis, discovery of new drug targets, and development of new therapies for the treatment of CVDs.
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Wilson DM, Nam MA, Murphy J, Victorino JP, Gondim EC, Low G. A critical review of published research literature reviews on nursing and healthcare ageism. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:3881-3892. [PMID: 28295808 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To establish how common and impactful nursing and healthcare ageism is and whether proven interventions or prevention methods exist. BACKGROUND Ageism has been a concern since 1969 when it was first introduced as a concept for social reform. As ageism has been linked to lower quality health services and reduced health care access, it is imperative that healthcare and nursing ageism is prevented or identified and reduced or eliminated. DESIGN A qualitative narrative review of published research literature reviews using a scoping design to map all published reviews was undertaken. The EBSCO Discovery Service (providing access to articles in 271 databases, including MEDLINE and CINAHL) and Directory of Open Access Journals (providing access to over 9,000 open access journals) were used to find review articles. Using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and limited by English language and peer-review publications, 12 eligible reviews were identified and information from them was systematically identified, assessed and synthesised. RESULTS The 12 reviews did not provide clear and convincing information to determine how common and impactful nursing or healthcare ageism is, nor what can best be done to prevent or address it. Although each review had value since research literature was collected and discussed on nursing or healthcare ageism, the array of literature search and analysis methods, and diversity in conclusions reached about the evidence is highly problematic. CONCLUSION Research literature reviews offering a more balanced perspective and demonstrating greater care in finding and using quality evidence are needed. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE At this point in time, there is no clear understanding of how widespread and impactful nursing or healthcare ageism is, and what can best be done to prevent or address it. Nurses need to be aware that ageism may be common and impactful, and guard against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Wilson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mavis A Nam
- School of Nursing, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Jill Murphy
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - João P Victorino
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ellen C Gondim
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gail Low
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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