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Frydman GH, Ellett F, Jorgensen J, Marand AL, Zukerberg L, Selig MK, Tessier SN, Wong KHK, Olaleye D, Vanderburg CR, Fox JG, Tompkins RG, Irimia D. Megakaryocytes respond during sepsis and display innate immune cell behaviors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1083339. [PMID: 36936945 PMCID: PMC10019826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1083339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are precursors to platelets, the second most abundant cells in the peripheral circulation. However, while platelets are known to participate in immune responses and play significant functions during infections, the role of MKs within the immune system remains largely unexplored. Histological studies of sepsis patients identified increased nucleated CD61+ cells (MKs) in the lungs, and CD61+ staining (likely platelets within microthrombi) in the kidneys, which correlated with the development of organ dysfunction. Detailed imaging cytometry of peripheral blood from patients with sepsis found significantly higher MK counts, which we predict would likely be misclassified by automated hematology analyzers as leukocytes. Utilizing in vitro techniques, we show that both stem cell derived MKs (SC MKs) and cells from the human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, Meg-01, undergo chemotaxis, interact with bacteria, and are capable of releasing chromatin webs in response to various pathogenic stimuli. Together, our observations suggest that MK cells display some basic innate immune cell behaviors and may actively respond and play functional roles in the pathophysiology of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit H. Frydman
- Division of Comparative Medicine and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Felix Ellett
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Julianne Jorgensen
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anika L. Marand
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lawrence Zukerberg
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martin K. Selig
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shannon N. Tessier
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Keith H. K. Wong
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Olaleye
- Division of Comparative Medicine and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ronald G. Tompkins
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center and Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Ghioldi ME, Dealbera ED, Chemes LN, Caballero GA, Del Vecchio JJ. Cryptococcus neoformans osteomyelitis of the calcaneus: Case report and literature review. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2021; 9:2050313X211027094. [PMID: 34350000 PMCID: PMC8287342 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x211027094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated, yeast-like fungus
that can cause a systemic mycosis, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Disseminated infections typically affect the central nervous system, and osseous
lesions are infrequent. Only 5%–10% of disseminated cryptococcosis involves
bones. A 69-year-old female presented pain, swelling, and a soft tissue mass in
her right lateral hindfoot. Her medical history included a kidney transplant
(10 years earlier) secondary to chronic disease due to IgA nephropathy. The
patient underwent an excisional biopsy, surgical debridement, and secondarily
negative pressure wound therapy to achieve skin closure. Biopsy revealed a rare
Cryptococcus neoformans osteomyelitis of the calcaneus. The
patient then received IV treatment with liposomal amphotericin B at 3 mg/kg/d
for 25 days. In conclusion, we present a case of cryptococcal osteomyelitis
which, although not a frequent disease, must be considered as one of the
differential diagnoses of osteolytic osseous lesions in patients with chronic
osteomyelitis. Cryptococcus neoformans may be a potential cause
of below-knee infection, mainly in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Esteban Ghioldi
- Foot and Ankle Section, Orthopaedics Department, Fundación Favaloro-Hospital Universitario, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine
| | - Eric Daniel Dealbera
- Foot and Ankle Section, Orthopaedics Department, Fundación Favaloro-Hospital Universitario, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine
| | - Lucas Nicolás Chemes
- Foot and Ankle Section, Orthopaedics Department, Fundación Favaloro-Hospital Universitario, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine
| | - Gustavo Alejandro Caballero
- Pathology Department, Fundación Favaloro-Hospital Universitario, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine
| | - Jorge Javier Del Vecchio
- Foot and Ankle Section, Orthopaedics Department, Fundación Favaloro-Hospital Universitario, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine.,Department of Kinesiology and Physiatry, Universidad Favaloro, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentine.,GRECMIP-MIFAS (Groupe de Recherche et d'Etude en Chirurgie Mini-Invasive du Pied-Minimally Invasive Foot and Ankle Society), Merignac, France
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Abstract
In the past 2 decades, Cryptococcus has emerged in its clinical significance and as a model yeast for understanding molecular pathogenesis. C neoformans and C gattii are currently considered major primary and secondary pathogens in a wide array of hosts that are known to be immunocompromised or apparently immunocompetent. A recent outbreak of C gattii infections further underscores the clinical importance of the yeast through its epidemiology and pathogenicity features. With an enlarging immunosuppressed population caused by HIV infection, solid organ transplantation, and clinical use of potent immunosuppressives, such as cancer chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, and corticosteroids, this fungus has become a well-established infectious complication of modern medicine. This article examines current issues in cryptococcal infections, including new classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and specific clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Methee Chayakulkeeree
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University Medical Center, P.O. Box 3353, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Prater MR, Ruiz De Gopegui R, Burdette K, Veit H, Feldman B. Bone marrow aspirate from a cat with cutaneous lesions. Vet Clin Pathol 2002; 28:52. [PMID: 12075524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.1999.tb01044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Renée Prater
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Diebold J, Molina T, Camilleri-Broët S, Le Tourneau A, Audouin J. Bone marrow manifestations of infections and systemic diseases observed in bone marrow trephine biopsy review. Histopathology 2000; 37:199-211. [PMID: 10971695 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.2000.00965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow modifications resulting from infections and systemic diseases can be studied by analysis of morphology and aetiology. Two types of lesions or modifications can be observed, those occurring in the connective tissue comprising inflammatory processes, acute and chronic, as well as immune reactions, and those involving the normal haematopoietic cell lines, with possible hyperplastic or aplastic changes in one or more cell lines. The main lesions are described (oedema, haemorrhage, necrosis, suppuration, granulomas, lymphoid nodules and hyperplasia, immunoblastic or plasmacytic hyperplasia), as well as the main aetiologies. In association, the three main haematopoietic cell lines show hyperplasia, hypoplasia, aplasia of one or all of the cell lines, sometimes with dysmyelopoiesis. The stroma and vessel reactions comprise myelofibrosis, gelatinous transformation or amyloid deposits. The methods for identifying aetiological agents are emphasized. It should also be stressed that malignant neoplasias of different types involving the bone marrow can be responsible for such inflammatory or immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Diebold
- Service Central 'Jacques-Delarue' d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
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