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Tsourounis C, Chatterjee A, Pherson EC, Auron M. Transforming Health Care from Volume to Value: Targeting Essential Therapies for Improved Health. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00356-5. [PMID: 38866305 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The healthcare landscape is evolving rapidly due to escalating costs from the traditional fee-for-service model. Value-based care has emerged as a viable solution, and initiatives focus on areas prone to overuse, waste, or high costs, such as advanced imaging and avoidable acute care resource utilization. Improving medication use is an important component of this work, and it requires organizational commitment, interdisciplinary collaboration, and targeted strategies for specific therapeutic areas. This review article discusses the value-based care approach to optimizing medications and blood product prescribing, spotlighting opportunities to reduce the overuse of opioid, antimicrobial, and proton pump inhibitor medications, alongside the underuse of guideline-based medical therapies in managing chronic diseases like coronary artery disease, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candy Tsourounis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medication Outcomes Center, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Arjun Chatterjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Emily C Pherson
- Department of Pharmacy, The Johns Hopkins Health System, Baltimore, MD, 21287 USA
| | - Moises Auron
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH
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Chaudhry AS, Inata Y, Nakagami-Yamaguchi E. Quality analysis of the clinical laboratory literature and its effectiveness on clinical quality improvement: a systematic review. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:108-115. [PMID: 37700849 PMCID: PMC10493209 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality improvement in clinical laboratories is crucial to ensure accurate and reliable test results. With increasing awareness of the potential adverse effects of errors in laboratory practice on patient outcomes, the need for continual improvement of laboratory services cannot be overemphasized. A literature search was conducted on PubMed and a web of science core collection between October and February 2021 to evaluate the scientific literature quality of clinical laboratory quality improvement; only peer-reviewed articles written in English that met quality improvement criteria were included. A structured template was used to extract data, and the papers were rated on a scale of 0-16 using the Quality Improvement Minimum Quality Criteria Set (QI-MQCS). Out of 776 studies, 726 were evaluated for clinical laboratory literature quality analysis. Studies were analyzed according to the quality improvement and control methods and interventions, such as training, education, task force, and observation. Results showed that the average score of QI-MQCS for quality improvement papers from 1981-2000 was 2.5, while from 2001-2020, it was 6.8, indicating continuous high-quality improvement in the clinical laboratory sector. However, there is still room to establish a proper system to judge the quality of clinical laboratory literature and improve accreditation programs within the sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shabbir Chaudhry
- Department of Medical Quality and Safety Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yu Inata
- Department of Medical Quality and Safety Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Etsuko Nakagami-Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Quality and Safety Science, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Al-Mozain N, Arora S, Goel R, Pavenski K, So-Osman C. Patient Blood Management in adults and children: what have we achieved, and what still needs to be addressed? Transfus Clin Biol 2023:S1246-7820(23)00041-1. [PMID: 36965848 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
An overview of Patient Blood Management (PBM), with its main scope to preserve the patient's own blood to improve the patient's outcome, is presented here, including the research gaps that needs to be addressed, particularly in the pediatric age group. Next, novel techniques to analyse PBM data and the challenges and strategies of PBM implementation will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Al-Mozain
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Satyam Arora
- Department of Transfusion Medicine. Post Graduate Institute of Child Health, Noida, UP, India.
| | - Ruchika Goel
- Department of Pathology, Div. of Transfusion Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Div. of Hematology/Oncology, Simmons Cancer Institute at SIU School of Medicine, USA.
| | - Katerina Pavenski
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Cynthia So-Osman
- Department of Transfusion medicine, Sanquin Blood Supply, Amsterdam and Department of Haematology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zulkafli Z, Azlan M, Abu Za'ror YM, Mat Ghani SA, Bakar N. Detection of BCL11A, HMIP, and XmnI polymorphisms among anemic pregnant women in hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. JOURNAL OF APPLIED HEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_22_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Cahill CM, Alhasson B, Blumberg N, Melvin A, Knight P, Gloff M, Robinson R, Akwaa F, Refaai MA. Preoperative anemia management program reduces blood transfusion in elective cardiac surgical patients, improving outcomes and decreasing hospital length of stay. Transfusion 2021; 61:2629-2636. [PMID: 34268778 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is an independent risk factor for hospitalization, readmission, prolonged length of stay (LOS), diminished quality of life, and mortality. A multidisciplinary program was implemented to manage anemia preoperatively as a patient blood management (PBM) initiative. METHODS AND MATERIALS From March 2016 to August 2018, 240 patients were screened for anemia during their preoperative cardiovascular visit. About 52/240 (22%) were found to be anemic and met out inclusion criteria. Also, 45/52 (87%) had iron deficiency anemia and 7 (13%) had anemia without iron deficiency. A similar historical cohort of patients undergoing elective cardiovascular surgery with hemoglobin (Hb) < 12 g/dl from September 2014 to February /2016 (n = 52) served as control group. The primary outcome was perioperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Secondary outcomes were date-of-surgery Hb, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital LOS, complication rates, and transfusion cost. RESULTS The two most common treatments were IV iron ± folate (n = 36/45; 80%) and oral iron (n = 9/45; 20%). As compared to historical patients, study patients had significantly higher day-of-surgery Hb (10.6 ± 1.4 vs. 9.8 ± 1.3 g/dl, p < .001), lower utilization of RBC transfusion (0.86 ± 1.4 vs. 2.78 ± 2.4, p < .001), fewer days in the ICU (2.1 ± 2.0 vs. 4.0 ± 3.5, p = .002), and shorter total LOS (6.9 ± 4.8 vs. 12.9 ± 6.8, p < .0001). Study patients also showed lower overall complication rates (p < .0001). Analysis of RBC acquisition cost and transfusion cost also showed significant saving of 69% ($293 vs. $945 and $656 vs. $2116, respectively). CONCLUSION When corrected for type of procedures and surgeon, our pilot anemia program in elective cardiovascular surgeries showed higher day-of-surgery Hb and significant reduction in RBC transfusion rates, ICU and hospital LOS, and overall complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Cahill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Bassam Alhasson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Neil Blumberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Amber Melvin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Peter Knight
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Marjorie Gloff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Renee Robinson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Frank Akwaa
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Majed A Refaai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Derzon JH, Clarke N, Alford A, Gross I, Shander A, Thurer R. Restrictive Transfusion Strategy and Clinical Decision Support Practices for Reducing RBC Transfusion Overuse. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 152:544-557. [PMID: 31305890 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assess support for the effectiveness of two separate practices, restrictive transfusion strategy and computerized physician order entry/clinical decision support (CPOE/CDS) tools, in decreasing RBC transfusions in adult surgical and nonsurgical patients. METHODS Following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory Medicine Best Practice (LMBP) Systematic Review (A-6) method, studies were assessed for quality and evidence of effectiveness in reducing the percentage of patients transfused and/or units of blood transfused. RESULTS Twenty-five studies on restrictive transfusion practice and seven studies on CPOE/CDS practice met LMBP inclusion criteria. The overall strength of the body of evidence of effectiveness for restrictive transfusion strategy and CPOE/CDS was rated as high. CONCLUSIONS Based on these procedures, adherence to an institutional restrictive transfusion strategy and use of CPOE/CDS tools for hemoglobin alerts or reminders of the institution's restrictive transfusion policies are effective in reducing RBC transfusion overuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aaron Alford
- National Network of Public Health Institutes, Washington, DC
| | | | - Aryeh Shander
- Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, NJ
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Derzon JH, Clarke N, Alford A, Gross I, Shander A, Thurer R. Reducing red blood cell transfusion in orthopedic and cardiac surgeries with Antifibrinolytics: A laboratory medicine best practice systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Biochem 2019; 71:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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